libgfxinit - Native Graphics Initialization =========================================== Introduction and Current State in coreboot ------------------------------------------ *libgfxinit* is a library of full-featured graphics initialization (aka. modesetting) drivers. It's implemented in SPARK (a subset of Ada with formal verification features). While not restricted to in any way, it currently only supports Intel's integrated graphics controllers (GMA). Currently, it supports the Intel Core i3/i5/i7 processor line, HDMI and DP on the Apollo Lake processors and everything but SDVO on G45 and GM45 chipsets. At the time of writing, G45, GM45, everything from Arrandale to Coffee Lake, and Apollo Lake are verified to work within *coreboot*. GMA: Framebuffer Configuration ------------------------------ *coreboot* supports two different framebuffer setups. The default enables the legacy VGA plane in textmode. Due to legacy hardware constraints, only the first found display is enabled in this mode. (cf. `src/drivers/intel/gma/text_fb/gma.adb`). The second option sets up a high-resolution framebuffer with the native resolution of the display if only one is detected, or the smallest of all resolutions (per dimension) if multiple displays are detected. This option is selected by `CONFIG_FRAMEBUFFER_KEEP_VESA_MODE`. (cf. `src/drivers/intel/gma/hires_fb/gma.adb`). In any case, a smaller framebuffer is up-scaled to each display's native resolution while keeping aspect ratio. GMA: Hook-up in Chipset Initialization -------------------------------------- Both configurations described above implement a procedure `GMA.gfxinit()`: procedure gfxinit (lightup_ok : out int); This procedure is exported as the C function `gma_gfxinit()` as follows: void gma_gfxinit(int *lightup_ok); * `lightup_ok`: returns whether the initialization succeeded `1` or failed `0`. Currently, only the case that no display could be found counts as failure. A failure at a later stage (e.g. failure to train a DP) is not propagated. GMA: Per Board Configuration ---------------------------- In order to set up the display panel, see the [display panel-specific documentation](/gfx/display-panel.md). There are a few Kconfig symbols to consider. To indicate that a board can initialize graphics through *libgfxinit*: select MAINBOARD_HAS_LIBGFXINIT Internal ports share some hardware blocks (e.g. backlight, panel power sequencer). Therefore, each system with an integrated panel should set `GFX_GMA_PANEL_1_PORT` to the respective port, e.g.: config GFX_GMA_PANEL_1_PORT default "DP3" For the most common cases, LVDS and eDP, exists a shorthand, one can select either: select GFX_GMA_PANEL_1_ON_EDP # the default, or select GFX_GMA_PANEL_1_ON_LVDS Some newer chips feature a second block of panel control logic. For this, `GFX_GMA_PANEL_2_PORT` can be set. Boards with a DVI-I connector share the DDC (I2C) pins for both analog and digital displays. In this case, *libgfxinit* needs to know through which interface the EDID can be queried: select GFX_GMA_ANALOG_I2C_HDMI_B # or select GFX_GMA_ANALOG_I2C_HDMI_C # or select GFX_GMA_ANALOG_I2C_HDMI_D Beside Kconfig options, *libgfxinit* needs to know which ports are implemented on a board and should be probed for displays. The mapping between the physical ports and these entries depends on the hardware implementation and can be recovered by testing or studying the output of `intelvbttool` or `intel_vbt_decode`. Each board has to implement the package `GMA.Mainboard` with a list: ports : HW.GFX.GMA.Display_Probing.Port_List; or a function returning such a list: function ports return HW.GFX.GMA.Display_Probing.Port_List; You can select from the following Ports: type Port_Type is (Disabled, -- optionally terminates the list LVDS, eDP, DP1, DP2, DP3, HDMI1, -- also DVI-D, or HDMI over DP++ HDMI2, HDMI3, Analog); -- legacy VGA port, or analog part of DVI-I Each `DPx` and `HDMIx` pair share pins. If they are exposed as DP ports, they are usually DP++ (aka. dual-mode DP) ports that can also output HDMI signals through passive adapters. In this case, both DPx and HDMIx should be listed. A good example is the mainboard Kontron/KTQM77, it features two DP++ ports (DP2/HDMI2, DP3/HDMI3), one DVI-I port (HDMI1/Analog), eDP and LVDS. It defines `ports` as follows: ports : constant Port_List := (DP2, DP3, HDMI1, HDMI2, HDMI3, Analog, LVDS, eDP, others => Disabled); The `GMA.gfxinit()` procedure probes for display EDIDs in the given order until all available pipes are taken. That's 1 pipe in VGA textmode, 2 pipes in high-resolution mode until Sandy Bridge, 3 pipes from Ivy Bridge on.