/* * linux/include/linux/mtd/nand.h * * Copyright © 2000-2010 David Woodhouse * Steven J. Hill * Thomas Gleixner * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as * published by the Free Software Foundation. * * Info: * Contains standard defines and IDs for NAND flash devices * * Changelog: * See git changelog. */ #ifndef __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H #define __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H #include #include #include #include #include struct mtd_info; struct nand_flash_dev; /* Scan and identify a NAND device */ extern int nand_scan(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips); /* * Separate phases of nand_scan(), allowing board driver to intervene * and override command or ECC setup according to flash type. */ extern int nand_scan_ident(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips, struct nand_flash_dev *table); extern int nand_scan_tail(struct mtd_info *mtd); /* Free resources held by the NAND device */ extern void nand_release(struct mtd_info *mtd); /* Internal helper for board drivers which need to override command function */ extern void nand_wait_ready(struct mtd_info *mtd); /* locks all blocks present in the device */ extern int nand_lock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len); /* unlocks specified locked blocks */ extern int nand_unlock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len); /* The maximum number of NAND chips in an array */ #define NAND_MAX_CHIPS 8 /* * This constant declares the max. oobsize / page, which * is supported now. If you add a chip with bigger oobsize/page * adjust this accordingly. */ #define NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE 576 #define NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE 8192 /* * Constants for hardware specific CLE/ALE/NCE function * * These are bits which can be or'ed to set/clear multiple * bits in one go. */ /* Select the chip by setting nCE to low */ #define NAND_NCE 0x01 /* Select the command latch by setting CLE to high */ #define NAND_CLE 0x02 /* Select the address latch by setting ALE to high */ #define NAND_ALE 0x04 #define NAND_CTRL_CLE (NAND_NCE | NAND_CLE) #define NAND_CTRL_ALE (NAND_NCE | NAND_ALE) #define NAND_CTRL_CHANGE 0x80 /* * Standard NAND flash commands */ #define NAND_CMD_READ0 0 #define NAND_CMD_READ1 1 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUT 5 #define NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG 0x10 #define NAND_CMD_READOOB 0x50 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE1 0x60 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS 0x70 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_MULTI 0x71 #define NAND_CMD_SEQIN 0x80 #define NAND_CMD_RNDIN 0x85 #define NAND_CMD_READID 0x90 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE2 0xd0 #define NAND_CMD_PARAM 0xec #define NAND_CMD_RESET 0xff #define NAND_CMD_LOCK 0x2a #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK1 0x23 #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK2 0x24 /* Extended commands for large page devices */ #define NAND_CMD_READSTART 0x30 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUTSTART 0xE0 #define NAND_CMD_CACHEDPROG 0x15 /* Extended commands for AG-AND device */ /* * Note: the command for NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 is really 0x00 but * there is no way to distinguish that from NAND_CMD_READ0 * until the remaining sequence of commands has been completed * so add a high order bit and mask it off in the command. */ #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 0x100 #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE2 0x38 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_MULTI 0x71 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR 0x72 /* multi-bank error status (banks 0-3) */ #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR0 0x73 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR1 0x74 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR2 0x75 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR3 0x76 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_RESET 0x7f #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_CLEAR 0xff #define NAND_CMD_NONE -1 /* Status bits */ #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL 0x01 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL_N1 0x02 #define NAND_STATUS_TRUE_READY 0x20 #define NAND_STATUS_READY 0x40 #define NAND_STATUS_WP 0x80 /* * Constants for ECC_MODES */ typedef enum { NAND_ECC_NONE, NAND_ECC_SOFT, NAND_ECC_HW, NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME, NAND_ECC_HW_OOB_FIRST, NAND_ECC_SOFT_BCH, } nand_ecc_modes_t; /* * Constants for Hardware ECC */ /* Reset Hardware ECC for read */ #define NAND_ECC_READ 0 /* Reset Hardware ECC for write */ #define NAND_ECC_WRITE 1 /* Enable Hardware ECC before syndrome is read back from flash */ #define NAND_ECC_READSYN 2 /* Bit mask for flags passed to do_nand_read_ecc */ #define NAND_GET_DEVICE 0x80 /* * Option constants for bizarre disfunctionality and real * features. */ /* Chip can not auto increment pages */ #define NAND_NO_AUTOINCR 0x00000001 /* Buswidth is 16 bit */ #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 0x00000002 /* Device supports partial programming without padding */ #define NAND_NO_PADDING 0x00000004 /* Chip has cache program function */ #define NAND_CACHEPRG 0x00000008 /* Chip has copy back function */ #define NAND_COPYBACK 0x00000010 /* * AND Chip which has 4 banks and a confusing page / block * assignment. See Renesas datasheet for further information. */ #define NAND_IS_AND 0x00000020 /* * Chip has a array of 4 pages which can be read without * additional ready /busy waits. */ #define NAND_4PAGE_ARRAY 0x00000040 /* * Chip requires that BBT is periodically rewritten to prevent * bits from adjacent blocks from 'leaking' in altering data. * This happens with the Renesas AG-AND chips, possibly others. */ #define BBT_AUTO_REFRESH 0x00000080 /* * Chip does not require ready check on read. True * for all large page devices, as they do not support * autoincrement. */ #define NAND_NO_READRDY 0x00000100 /* Chip does not allow subpage writes */ #define NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE 0x00000200 /* Device is one of 'new' xD cards that expose fake nand command set */ #define NAND_BROKEN_XD 0x00000400 /* Device behaves just like nand, but is readonly */ #define NAND_ROM 0x00000800 /* Options valid for Samsung large page devices */ #define NAND_SAMSUNG_LP_OPTIONS \ (NAND_NO_PADDING | NAND_CACHEPRG | NAND_COPYBACK) /* Macros to identify the above */ #define NAND_CANAUTOINCR(chip) (!(chip->options & NAND_NO_AUTOINCR)) #define NAND_MUST_PAD(chip) (!(chip->options & NAND_NO_PADDING)) #define NAND_HAS_CACHEPROG(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_CACHEPRG)) #define NAND_HAS_COPYBACK(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_COPYBACK)) /* Large page NAND with SOFT_ECC should support subpage reads */ #define NAND_SUBPAGE_READ(chip) ((chip->ecc.mode == NAND_ECC_SOFT) \ && (chip->page_shift > 9)) /* Mask to zero out the chip options, which come from the id table */ #define NAND_CHIPOPTIONS_MSK (0x0000ffff & ~NAND_NO_AUTOINCR) /* Non chip related options */ /* This option skips the bbt scan during initialization. */ #define NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN 0x00010000 /* * This option is defined if the board driver allocates its own buffers * (e.g. because it needs them DMA-coherent). */ #define NAND_OWN_BUFFERS 0x00020000 /* Chip may not exist, so silence any errors in scan */ #define NAND_SCAN_SILENT_NODEV 0x00040000 /* Options set by nand scan */ /* Nand scan has allocated controller struct */ #define NAND_CONTROLLER_ALLOC 0x80000000 /* Cell info constants */ #define NAND_CI_CHIPNR_MSK 0x03 #define NAND_CI_CELLTYPE_MSK 0x0C /* Keep gcc happy */ struct nand_chip; struct nand_onfi_params { /* rev info and features block */ /* 'O' 'N' 'F' 'I' */ u8 sig[4]; __le16 revision; __le16 features; __le16 opt_cmd; u8 reserved[22]; /* manufacturer information block */ char manufacturer[12]; char model[20]; u8 jedec_id; __le16 date_code; u8 reserved2[13]; /* memory organization block */ __le32 byte_per_page; __le16 spare_bytes_per_page; __le32 data_bytes_per_ppage; __le16 spare_bytes_per_ppage; __le32 pages_per_block; __le32 blocks_per_lun; u8 lun_count; u8 addr_cycles; u8 bits_per_cell; __le16 bb_per_lun; __le16 block_endurance; u8 guaranteed_good_blocks; __le16 guaranteed_block_endurance; u8 programs_per_page; u8 ppage_attr; u8 ecc_bits; u8 interleaved_bits; u8 interleaved_ops; u8 reserved3[13]; /* electrical parameter block */ u8 io_pin_capacitance_max; __le16 async_timing_mode; __le16 program_cache_timing_mode; __le16 t_prog; __le16 t_bers; __le16 t_r; __le16 t_ccs; __le16 src_sync_timing_mode; __le16 src_ssync_features; __le16 clk_pin_capacitance_typ; __le16 io_pin_capacitance_typ; __le16 input_pin_capacitance_typ; u8 input_pin_capacitance_max; u8 driver_strenght_support; __le16 t_int_r; __le16 t_ald; u8 reserved4[7]; /* vendor */ u8 reserved5[90]; __le16 crc; } __attribute__((packed)); #define ONFI_CRC_BASE 0x4F4E /** * struct nand_hw_control - Control structure for hardware controller (e.g ECC generator) shared among independent devices * @lock: protection lock * @active: the mtd device which holds the controller currently * @wq: wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in * progress used instead of the per chip wait queue * when a hw controller is available. */ struct nand_hw_control { spinlock_t lock; struct nand_chip *active; wait_queue_head_t wq; }; /** * struct nand_ecc_ctrl - Control structure for ECC * @mode: ECC mode * @steps: number of ECC steps per page * @size: data bytes per ECC step * @bytes: ECC bytes per step * @strength: max number of correctible bits per ECC step * @total: total number of ECC bytes per page * @prepad: padding information for syndrome based ECC generators * @postpad: padding information for syndrome based ECC generators * @layout: ECC layout control struct pointer * @priv: pointer to private ECC control data * @hwctl: function to control hardware ECC generator. Must only * be provided if an hardware ECC is available * @calculate: function for ECC calculation or readback from ECC hardware * @correct: function for ECC correction, matching to ECC generator (sw/hw) * @read_page_raw: function to read a raw page without ECC * @write_page_raw: function to write a raw page without ECC * @read_page: function to read a page according to the ECC generator * requirements. * @read_subpage: function to read parts of the page covered by ECC. * @write_page: function to write a page according to the ECC generator * requirements. * @write_oob_raw: function to write chip OOB data without ECC * @read_oob_raw: function to read chip OOB data without ECC * @read_oob: function to read chip OOB data * @write_oob: function to write chip OOB data */ struct nand_ecc_ctrl { nand_ecc_modes_t mode; int steps; int size; int bytes; int total; int strength; int prepad; int postpad; struct nand_ecclayout *layout; void *priv; void (*hwctl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode); int (*calculate)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *dat, uint8_t *ecc_code); int (*correct)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *dat, uint8_t *read_ecc, uint8_t *calc_ecc); int (*read_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, uint8_t *buf, int page); void (*write_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, const uint8_t *buf); int (*read_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, uint8_t *buf, int page); int (*read_subpage)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, uint32_t offs, uint32_t len, uint8_t *buf); void (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, const uint8_t *buf); int (*write_oob_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page); int (*read_oob_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page, int sndcmd); int (*read_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page, int sndcmd); int (*write_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page); }; /** * struct nand_buffers - buffer structure for read/write * @ecccalc: buffer for calculated ECC * @ecccode: buffer for ECC read from flash * @databuf: buffer for data - dynamically sized * * Do not change the order of buffers. databuf and oobrbuf must be in * consecutive order. */ struct nand_buffers { uint8_t ecccalc[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE]; uint8_t ecccode[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE]; uint8_t databuf[NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE + NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE]; }; /** * struct nand_chip - NAND Private Flash Chip Data * @IO_ADDR_R: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to read the 8 I/O lines of the * flash device * @IO_ADDR_W: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to write the 8 I/O lines of the * flash device. * @read_byte: [REPLACEABLE] read one byte from the chip * @read_word: [REPLACEABLE] read one word from the chip * @write_buf: [REPLACEABLE] write data from the buffer to the chip * @read_buf: [REPLACEABLE] read data from the chip into the buffer * @verify_buf: [REPLACEABLE] verify buffer contents against the chip * data. * @select_chip: [REPLACEABLE] select chip nr * @block_bad: [REPLACEABLE] check, if the block is bad * @block_markbad: [REPLACEABLE] mark the block bad * @cmd_ctrl: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for controlling * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address * @init_size: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for setting * mtd->oobsize, mtd->writesize and so on. * @id_data contains the 8 bytes values of NAND_CMD_READID. * Return with the bus width. * @dev_ready: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for accessing * device ready/busy line. If set to NULL no access to * ready/busy is available and the ready/busy information * is read from the chip status register. * @cmdfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for writing * commands to the chip. * @waitfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for wait on * ready. * @ecc: [BOARDSPECIFIC] ECC control structure * @buffers: buffer structure for read/write * @hwcontrol: platform-specific hardware control structure * @erase_cmd: [INTERN] erase command write function, selectable due * to AND support. * @scan_bbt: [REPLACEABLE] function to scan bad block table * @chip_delay: [BOARDSPECIFIC] chip dependent delay for transferring * data from array to read regs (tR). * @state: [INTERN] the current state of the NAND device * @oob_poi: "poison value buffer," used for laying out OOB data * before writing * @page_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a page (column * address bits). * @phys_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a physical eraseblock * @bbt_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a bbt entry * @chip_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in one chip * @options: [BOARDSPECIFIC] various chip options. They can partly * be set to inform nand_scan about special functionality. * See the defines for further explanation. * @bbt_options: [INTERN] bad block specific options. All options used * here must come from bbm.h. By default, these options * will be copied to the appropriate nand_bbt_descr's. * @badblockpos: [INTERN] position of the bad block marker in the oob * area. * @badblockbits: [INTERN] minimum number of set bits in a good block's * bad block marker position; i.e., BBM == 11110111b is * not bad when badblockbits == 7 * @cellinfo: [INTERN] MLC/multichip data from chip ident * @numchips: [INTERN] number of physical chips * @chipsize: [INTERN] the size of one chip for multichip arrays * @pagemask: [INTERN] page number mask = number of (pages / chip) - 1 * @pagebuf: [INTERN] holds the pagenumber which is currently in * data_buf. * @pagebuf_bitflips: [INTERN] holds the bitflip count for the page which is * currently in data_buf. * @subpagesize: [INTERN] holds the subpagesize * @onfi_version: [INTERN] holds the chip ONFI version (BCD encoded), * non 0 if ONFI supported. * @onfi_params: [INTERN] holds the ONFI page parameter when ONFI is * supported, 0 otherwise. * @ecclayout: [REPLACEABLE] the default ECC placement scheme * @bbt: [INTERN] bad block table pointer * @bbt_td: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table descriptor for flash * lookup. * @bbt_md: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table mirror descriptor * @badblock_pattern: [REPLACEABLE] bad block scan pattern used for initial * bad block scan. * @controller: [REPLACEABLE] a pointer to a hardware controller * structure which is shared among multiple independent * devices. * @priv: [OPTIONAL] pointer to private chip data * @errstat: [OPTIONAL] hardware specific function to perform * additional error status checks (determine if errors are * correctable). * @write_page: [REPLACEABLE] High-level page write function */ struct nand_chip { void __iomem *IO_ADDR_R; void __iomem *IO_ADDR_W; uint8_t (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd); u16 (*read_word)(struct mtd_info *mtd); void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len); void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len); int (*verify_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len); void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip); int (*block_bad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, int getchip); int (*block_markbad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs); void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat, unsigned int ctrl); int (*init_size)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this, u8 *id_data); int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd); void (*cmdfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned command, int column, int page_addr); int(*waitfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this); void (*erase_cmd)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int page); int (*scan_bbt)(struct mtd_info *mtd); int (*errstat)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this, int state, int status, int page); int (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, const uint8_t *buf, int page, int cached, int raw); int chip_delay; unsigned int options; unsigned int bbt_options; int page_shift; int phys_erase_shift; int bbt_erase_shift; int chip_shift; int numchips; uint64_t chipsize; int pagemask; int pagebuf; unsigned int pagebuf_bitflips; int subpagesize; uint8_t cellinfo; int badblockpos; int badblockbits; int onfi_version; struct nand_onfi_params onfi_params; flstate_t state; uint8_t *oob_poi; struct nand_hw_control *controller; struct nand_ecclayout *ecclayout; struct nand_ecc_ctrl ecc; struct nand_buffers *buffers; struct nand_hw_control hwcontrol; uint8_t *bbt; struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_td; struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_md; struct nand_bbt_descr *badblock_pattern; void *priv; }; /* * NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Codes */ #define NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA 0x98 #define NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG 0xec #define NAND_MFR_FUJITSU 0x04 #define NAND_MFR_NATIONAL 0x8f #define NAND_MFR_RENESAS 0x07 #define NAND_MFR_STMICRO 0x20 #define NAND_MFR_HYNIX 0xad #define NAND_MFR_MICRON 0x2c #define NAND_MFR_AMD 0x01 #define NAND_MFR_MACRONIX 0xc2 /** * struct nand_flash_dev - NAND Flash Device ID Structure * @name: Identify the device type * @id: device ID code * @pagesize: Pagesize in bytes. Either 256 or 512 or 0 * If the pagesize is 0, then the real pagesize * and the eraseize are determined from the * extended id bytes in the chip * @erasesize: Size of an erase block in the flash device. * @chipsize: Total chipsize in Mega Bytes * @options: Bitfield to store chip relevant options */ struct nand_flash_dev { char *name; int id; unsigned long pagesize; unsigned long chipsize; unsigned long erasesize; unsigned long options; }; /** * struct nand_manufacturers - NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Structure * @name: Manufacturer name * @id: manufacturer ID code of device. */ struct nand_manufacturers { int id; char *name; }; extern struct nand_flash_dev nand_flash_ids[]; extern struct nand_manufacturers nand_manuf_ids[]; extern int nand_scan_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd); extern int nand_update_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs); extern int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd); extern int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt); extern int nand_erase_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr, int allowbbt); extern int nand_do_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, uint8_t *buf); /** * struct platform_nand_chip - chip level device structure * @nr_chips: max. number of chips to scan for * @chip_offset: chip number offset * @nr_partitions: number of partitions pointed to by partitions (or zero) * @partitions: mtd partition list * @chip_delay: R/B delay value in us * @options: Option flags, e.g. 16bit buswidth * @bbt_options: BBT option flags, e.g. NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH * @ecclayout: ECC layout info structure * @part_probe_types: NULL-terminated array of probe types */ struct platform_nand_chip { int nr_chips; int chip_offset; int nr_partitions; struct mtd_partition *partitions; struct nand_ecclayout *ecclayout; int chip_delay; unsigned int options; unsigned int bbt_options; const char **part_probe_types; }; /* Keep gcc happy */ struct platform_device; /** * struct platform_nand_ctrl - controller level device structure * @probe: platform specific function to probe/setup hardware * @remove: platform specific function to remove/teardown hardware * @hwcontrol: platform specific hardware control structure * @dev_ready: platform specific function to read ready/busy pin * @select_chip: platform specific chip select function * @cmd_ctrl: platform specific function for controlling * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address * @write_buf: platform specific function for write buffer * @read_buf: platform specific function for read buffer * @priv: private data to transport driver specific settings * * All fields are optional and depend on the hardware driver requirements */ struct platform_nand_ctrl { int (*probe)(struct platform_device *pdev); void (*remove)(struct platform_device *pdev); void (*hwcontrol)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd); int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd); void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip); void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat, unsigned int ctrl); void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len); void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len); void *priv; }; /** * struct platform_nand_data - container structure for platform-specific data * @chip: chip level chip structure * @ctrl: controller level device structure */ struct platform_nand_data { struct platform_nand_chip chip; struct platform_nand_ctrl ctrl; }; /* Some helpers to access the data structures */ static inline struct platform_nand_chip *get_platform_nandchip(struct mtd_info *mtd) { struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv; return chip->priv; } #endif /* __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H */