summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
Commit message (Collapse)AuthorAgeFilesLines
* lockd: Teach nlm_cmp_addr() to support AF_INET6 addressesChuck Lever2008-09-294-9/+38
| | | | | | | | | Update the nlm_cmp_addr() helper to support AF_INET6 as well as AF_INET addresses. New version takes two "struct sockaddr *" arguments instead of "struct sockaddr_in *" arguments. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* NSM: Use sockaddr_storage for sm_addr fieldChuck Lever2008-09-293-4/+16
| | | | | | | | To store larger addresses in the nsm_handle structure, make sm_addr a sockaddr_storage. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* lockd: Use sockaddr_storage for h_saddr fieldChuck Lever2008-09-293-9/+19
| | | | | | | | | To store larger addresses in the nlm_host structure, make h_saddr a sockaddr_storage. And let's call it something more self-explanatory: "saddr" could easily be mistaken for "server address". Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* lockd: Use sockaddr_storage + length for h_addr fieldChuck Lever2008-09-293-7/+22
| | | | | | | | To store larger addresses in the nlm_host structure, make h_addr a sockaddr_storage, and add an address length field. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* SUNRPC: Make svc_addr's argument a constantChuck Lever2008-09-291-3/+3
| | | | | | | | Clean up: Add extra type safety and squelch a few compiler complaints in upcoming patches. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* lockd: Add address family-agnostic helper for zeroing the port numberChuck Lever2008-09-291-1/+13
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* lockd: Specify address family for source addressChuck Lever2008-09-291-5/+9
| | | | | | | | | Make sure an address family is specified for source addresses passed to nlm_lookup_host(). nlm_lookup_host() will need this when it becomes capable of dealing with AF_INET6 addresses. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* lockd: address-family independent printable addressesChuck Lever2008-09-292-17/+65
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Knowing which source address is used for communicating with remote NLM services can be helpful for debugging configuration problems on hosts with multiple addresses. Keep the dprintk debugging here, but adapt it so it displays AF_INET6 addresses properly. There are also a couple of dprintk clean-ups as well. At some point we will aggregate the helpers that display presentation format addresses into a single set of shared helpers. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* NLM: Clean up before introducing new debugging messagesChuck Lever2008-09-291-8/+11
| | | | | | | | | We're about to introduce some extra debugging messages in nlm_lookup_host(). Bring the coding style up to date first so we can cleanly introduce the new debugging messages. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* SUNRPC: Support IPv6 when registering kernel RPC servicesChuck Lever2008-09-293-8/+113
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In order to advertise NFS-related services on IPv6 interfaces via rpcbind, the kernel RPC server implementation must use rpcb_v4_register() instead of rpcb_register(). A new kernel build option allows distributions to use the legacy v2 call until they integrate an appropriate user-space rpcbind daemon that can support IPv6 RPC services. I tried adding some automatic logic to fall back if registering with a v4 protocol request failed, but there are too many corner cases. So I just made it a compile-time switch that distributions can throw when they've replaced portmapper with rpcbind. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* SUNRPC: Split portmap unregister API into separate functionChuck Lever2008-09-291-12/+50
| | | | | | | | | | Create a separate server-level interface for unregistering RPC services. The mechanics of, and the API for, registering and unregistering RPC services will diverge further as support for IPv6 is added. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* SUNRPC: Simplify rpcb_register() APIChuck Lever2008-09-293-45/+32
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bruce suggested there's no need to expose the difference between an error sending the PMAP_SET request and an error reply from the portmapper to rpcb_register's callers. The user space equivalent of rpcb_register() is pmap_set(3), which returns a bool_t : either the PMAP set worked, or it didn't. Simple. So let's remove the "*okay" argument from rpcb_register() and rpcb_v4_register(), and simply return an error if any part of the call didn't work. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* SUNRPC: Set V6ONLY socket option for RPC listener socketsChuck Lever2008-09-291-0/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | My plan is to use an AF_INET listener on systems that support only IPv4, and an AF_INET6 listener on systems that can support IPv6. Incoming IPv4 packets will be posted to an AF_INET6 listener with a mapped IPv4 address. Max Matveev <makc@sgi.com> says: Creating a single listener can be dangerous - if net.ipv6.bindv6only is enabled then it's possible to create another listener in v4 namespace on the same port and steal the traffic from the "unifed" listener. You need to disable V6ONLY explicitly via a sockopt to stop that. Set appropriate socket option on RPC server listener sockets to prevent this. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* lockd: don't depend on lockd main loop to end graceJ. Bruce Fields2008-09-291-11/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | End lockd's grace period using schedule_delayed_work() instead of a check on every pass through the main loop. After a later patch, we'll depend on lockd to end its grace period even if it's not currently handling requests; so it shouldn't depend on being woken up from the main loop to do so. Also, Nakano Hiroaki (who independently produced a similar patch) noticed that the current behavior is buggy in the face of jiffies wraparound: "lockd uses time_before() to determine whether the grace period has expired. This would seem to be enough to avoid timer wrap-around issues, but, unfortunately, that is not the case. The time_* family of comparison functions can be safely used to compare jiffies relatively close in time, but they stop working after approximately LONG_MAX/2 ticks. nfsd can suffer this problem because the time_before() comparison in lockd() is not performed until the first request comes in, which means that if there is no lockd traffic for more than LONG_MAX/2 ticks we are screwed. "The implication of this is that once time_before() starts misbehaving any attempt from a NFS client to execute fcntl() will be received with a NLM_LCK_DENIED_GRACE_PERIOD message for 25 days (assuming HZ=1000). In other words, the 50 seconds grace period could turn into a grace period of 50 days or more. "Note: This bug was analyzed independently by Oda-san <oda@valinux.co.jp> and myself." Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu> Cc: Nakano Hiroaki <nakano.hiroaki@oss.ntt.co.jp> Cc: Itsuro Oda <oda@valinux.co.jp>
* locks: allow lockd to process blocked locks during grace periodJ. Bruce Fields2008-09-291-9/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | The check here is currently harmless but unnecessary, since, as the comment notes, there aren't any blocked-lock callbacks to process during the grace period anyway. And eventually we want to allow multiple grace periods that come and go for different filesystems over the course of the lifetime of lockd, at which point this check is just going to get in the way. Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* knfsd: allocate readahead cache in individual chunksJeff Layton2008-09-291-24/+35
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | I had a report from someone building a large NFS server that they were unable to start more than 585 nfsd threads. It was reported against an older kernel using the slab allocator, and I tracked it down to the large allocation in nfsd_racache_init failing. It appears that the slub allocator handles large allocations better, but large contiguous allocations can often be problematic. There doesn't seem to be any reason that the racache has to be allocated as a single large chunk. This patch breaks this up so that the racache is built up from separate allocations. (Thanks also to Takashi Iwai for a bugfix.) Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu> Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
* nfsd: nfs4xdr decode_stateid helper functionBenny Halevy2008-09-291-44/+55
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* nfsd: properly xdr-decode NFS4_OPEN_CLAIM_DELEGATE_CUR stateidBenny Halevy2008-09-291-1/+3
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* nfsd: don't declare p in ENCODE_SEQID_OP_HEADBenny Halevy2008-09-291-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | After using the encode_stateid helper the "p" pointer declared by ENCODE_SEQID_OP_HEAD is warned as unused. In the single site where it is still needed it can be declared separately using the ENCODE_HEAD macro. Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* nfsd: nfs4xdr encode_stateid helper functionBenny Halevy2008-09-291-44/+32
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* nfsd: fix nfsd4_encode_open buffer space reservationBenny Halevy2008-09-291-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | nfsd4_encode_open first reservation is currently for 36 + sizeof(stateid_t) while it writes after the stateid a cinfo (20 bytes) and 5 more 4-bytes words, for a total of 40 + sizeof(stateid_t). Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* nfsd: properly xdr-encode deleg stateid returned from openBenny Halevy2008-09-291-2/+6
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* nfsd: properly xdr-encode stateid4.seqid as uint32_t for cb_recallBenny Halevy2008-09-291-1/+2
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* Configure out file locking featuresThomas Petazzoni2008-09-296-9/+70
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch adds the CONFIG_FILE_LOCKING option which allows to remove support for advisory locks. With this patch enabled, the flock() system call, the F_GETLK, F_SETLK and F_SETLKW operations of fcntl() and NFS support are disabled. These features are not necessarly needed on embedded systems. It allows to save ~11 Kb of kernel code and data: text data bss dec hex filename 1125436 118764 212992 1457192 163c28 vmlinux.old 1114299 118564 212992 1445855 160fdf vmlinux -11137 -200 0 -11337 -2C49 +/- This patch has originally been written by Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>, and is part of the Linux Tiny project. Signed-off-by: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com> Signed-off-by: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> Cc: matthew@wil.cx Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org Cc: mpm@selenic.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* nfsd: permit unauthenticated stat of export rootJ. Bruce Fields2008-09-295-18/+33
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | RFC 2623 section 2.3.2 permits the server to bypass gss authentication checks for certain operations that a client may perform when mounting. In the case of a client that doesn't have some form of credentials available to it on boot, this allows it to perform the mount unattended. (Presumably real file access won't be needed until a user with credentials logs in.) Being slightly more lenient allows lots of old clients to access krb5-only exports, with the only loss being a small amount of information leaked about the root directory of the export. This affects only v2 and v3; v4 still requires authentication for all access. Thanks to Peter Staubach testing against a Solaris client, which suggesting addition of v3 getattr, to the list, and to Trond for noting that doing so exposes no additional information. Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu> Cc: Peter Staubach <staubach@redhat.com> Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
* SUNRPC: Use proper INADDR_ANY when setting up RPC services on IPv6Chuck Lever2008-09-291-6/+33
| | | | | | | | | | Teach svc_create_xprt() to use the correct ANY address for AF_INET6 based RPC services. No caller uses AF_INET6 yet. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* SUNRPC: Add address family field to svc_serv data structureChuck Lever2008-09-295-11/+15
| | | | | | | | | | Introduce and initialize an address family field in the svc_serv structure. This field will determine what family to use for the service's listener sockets and what families are advertised via the local rpcbind daemon. Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* Linux 2.6.27-rc7v2.6.27-rc7Linus Torvalds2008-09-211-1/+1
|
* Merge branch 'hwmon-for-linus' of git://jdelvare.pck.nerim.net/jdelvare-2.6Linus Torvalds2008-09-213-12/+12
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | * 'hwmon-for-linus' of git://jdelvare.pck.nerim.net/jdelvare-2.6: hwmon: (ad7414) Make ad7414_update_device() static hwmon: (it87) Fix fan tachometer reading in IT8712F rev 0x7 (I) hwmon: (atxp1) Fix device detection logic
| * hwmon: (ad7414) Make ad7414_update_device() staticAdrian Bunk2008-09-201-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch makes the needlessly global ad7414_update_device() static. Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org> Acked-by: Sean MacLennan <smaclennan@pikatech.com> Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
| * hwmon: (it87) Fix fan tachometer reading in IT8712F rev 0x7 (I)Andrew Paprocki2008-09-201-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The IT8712F v0.9.1 datasheet applies to revisions >= 0x8 (J). The driver was incorrectly attempting to enable 16-bit fan readings on rev 0x7 (I) which led to incorrect RPM values. Signed-off-by: Andrew Paprocki <andrew@ishiboo.com> Tested-by: John Gumb <john.gumb@tandberg.com> Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
| * hwmon: (atxp1) Fix device detection logicJean Delvare2008-09-201-9/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The atxp1 device detection code has a major logic flaw, fix it. Not sure how we managed to miss this when the driver was merged... Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> Acked-by: Sebastian Witt <se.witt@gmx.net>
* | Merge branch 'kvm-updates/2.6.27' of ↵Linus Torvalds2008-09-211-6/+1
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/avi/kvm * 'kvm-updates/2.6.27' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/avi/kvm: KVM: ia64: 'struct fdesc' build fix
| * | KVM: ia64: 'struct fdesc' build fixJes Sorensen2008-09-191-6/+1
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit 4611a77 ("[IA64] fix compile failure with non modular builds") introduced struct fdesc into asm/elf.h, which duplicates KVM's definition. Remove the latter to avoid the build error. Signed-off-by: Jes Sorensen <jes@sgi.com> Acked-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
* | Merge branch 'upstream' of git://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/upstream-linusLinus Torvalds2008-09-216-24/+75
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * 'upstream' of git://ftp.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/upstream-linus: [MIPS] vmlinux.lds.S: handle .text.* [MIPS] Fix potential latency problem due to non-atomic cpu_wait. [MIPS] SMTC: Clear TIF_FPUBOUND on clone / fork. [MIPS] Fix 64-bit IP checksum code
| * | [MIPS] vmlinux.lds.S: handle .text.*Atsushi Nemoto2008-09-211-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The -ffunction-sections puts each text in .text.function_name section. Without this patch, most functions are placed outside _text..._etext area and it breaks show_stacktrace(), etc. Signed-off-by: Atsushi Nemoto <anemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp> Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
| * | [MIPS] Fix potential latency problem due to non-atomic cpu_wait.Atsushi Nemoto2008-09-213-20/+55
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If an interrupt happened between checking of NEED_RESCHED and WAIT instruction, adjust EPC to restart from checking of NEED_RESCHED. Signed-off-by: Atsushi Nemoto <anemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp> Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
| * | [MIPS] SMTC: Clear TIF_FPUBOUND on clone / fork.Ralf Baechle2008-09-211-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
| * | [MIPS] Fix 64-bit IP checksum codeAtsushi Nemoto2008-09-211-4/+17
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Use unsigned loads to avoid possible misscalculation of IP checksums. This bug was instruced in f761106cd728bcf65b7fe161b10221ee00cf7132 (lmo) / ed99e2bc1dc5dc54eb5a019f4975562dbef20103 (kernel.org). [Original fix by Atsushi. Improved instruction scheduling and fix for unaligned unsigned load by me -- Ralf] Signed-off-by: Atsushi Nemoto <anemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp> Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
* | Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds2008-09-214-11/+18
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/drzeus/mmc * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/drzeus/mmc: mmc_test: initialize mmc_test_lock statically mmc_block: handle error from mmc_register_driver() atmel-mci: Set MMC_CAP_NEEDS_POLL if no detect_pin atmel-mci: Fix bogus debugfs file size atmel-mci: Fix memory leak in atmci_regs_show atmel-mci: debugfs: enable clock before dumping regs tmio_mmc: fix compilation with debug enabled
| * | mmc_test: initialize mmc_test_lock staticallyAkinobu Mita2008-09-201-3/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The mutex mmc_test_lock is initialized at every time mmc_test device is probed. Probing another mmc_test device may break the mutex, if the probe function is called while the mutex is locked. This patch fixes it by statically initializing mmc_test_lock. Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Pierre Ossman <drzeus@drzeus.cx>
| * | mmc_block: handle error from mmc_register_driver()Akinobu Mita2008-09-201-2/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Check error from mmc_register_driver() and properly unwind block device registration. Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Pierre Ossman <drzeus@drzeus.cx>
| * | atmel-mci: Set MMC_CAP_NEEDS_POLL if no detect_pinHaavard Skinnemoen2008-09-201-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This allows the mmc core to detect card insertion/removal for slots that don't have any CD pin wired up. Signed-off-by: Haavard Skinnemoen <haavard.skinnemoen@atmel.com> Signed-off-by: Pierre Ossman <drzeus@drzeus.cx>
| * | atmel-mci: Fix bogus debugfs file sizeHaavard Skinnemoen2008-09-201-4/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | We used to store a binary register snapshot in the "regs" file, so we set the file size to be the size of this snapshot. This is no longer valid since we switched to using seq_file. Signed-off-by: Haavard Skinnemoen <haavard.skinnemoen@atmel.com> Signed-off-by: Pierre Ossman <drzeus@drzeus.cx>
| * | atmel-mci: Fix memory leak in atmci_regs_showHaavard Skinnemoen2008-09-201-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The debugfs hook atmci_regs_show allocates a temporary buffer for storing a register snapshot, but it doesn't free it before returning. Plug this leak. Signed-off-by: Haavard Skinnemoen <haavard.skinnemoen@atmel.com> Signed-off-by: Pierre Ossman <drzeus@drzeus.cx>
| * | atmel-mci: debugfs: enable clock before dumping regsHaavard Skinnemoen2008-09-201-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make sure that the peripheral clock is enabled before reading the MMIO registers for the debugfs "regs" dump. Signed-off-by: Haavard Skinnemoen <haavard.skinnemoen@atmel.com> Signed-off-by: Pierre Ossman <drzeus@drzeus.cx>
| * | tmio_mmc: fix compilation with debug enabledDmitry Baryshkov2008-09-201-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Dmitry Baryshkov <dbaryshkov@gmail.com> Acked-by: Ian Molton <spyro@f2s.com> Signed-off-by: Pierre Ossman <drzeus@drzeus.cx>
* | | MAINTAINERS: Various fixesJean Delvare2008-09-211-7/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Normalize some S: entries to match the enumeration at the beginning of the file. * Change one mailing list entry from S: to L:. Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | | MAINTAINERS: Trivial whitespace cleanupsJean Delvare2008-09-211-81/+81
| |/ |/| | | | | | | | | | | | | * Drop trailing whitespace. * Replace spaces and combinations of spaces and tabs by single tabs. Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git390.osdl.marist.edu/pub/scm/linux-2.6Linus Torvalds2008-09-192-1/+4
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * 'for-linus' of git://git390.osdl.marist.edu/pub/scm/linux-2.6: [S390] cio: fix orb initialization in cio_start_key [S390] cio: Fix driver_data handling for ccwgroup devices.