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* .gitignore: add SPDX License IdentifierMasahiro Yamada2020-03-251-0/+1
| | | | | | | Add SPDX License Identifier to all .gitignore files. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
* kbuild: rename hostprogs-y/always to hostprogs/always-yMasahiro Yamada2020-02-041-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In old days, the "host-progs" syntax was used for specifying host programs. It was renamed to the current "hostprogs-y" in 2004. It is typically useful in scripts/Makefile because it allows Kbuild to selectively compile host programs based on the kernel configuration. This commit renames like follows: always -> always-y hostprogs-y -> hostprogs So, scripts/Makefile will look like this: always-$(CONFIG_BUILD_BIN2C) += ... always-$(CONFIG_KALLSYMS) += ... ... hostprogs := $(always-y) $(always-m) I think this makes more sense because a host program is always a host program, irrespective of the kernel configuration. We want to specify which ones to compile by CONFIG options, so always-y will be handier. The "always", "hostprogs-y", "hostprogs-m" will be kept for backward compatibility for a while. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
* ARM: vdso: Set BUILD_VDSO32 and provide 32bit fallbacksThomas Gleixner2020-01-141-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Setting BUILD_VDSO32 is required to expose the legacy 32bit interfaces in the generic VDSO code which are going to be hidden behind an #ifdef BUILD_VDSO32. The 32bit fallbacks are necessary to remove the existing VDSO_HAS_32BIT_FALLBACK hackery. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Tested-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/87tv4zq9dc.fsf@nanos.tec.linutronix.de
* ARM: 8932/1: Add clock_gettime64 entry pointVincenzo Frascino2019-11-152-0/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | With the release of Linux 5.1 has been added a new syscall, clock_gettime64, that provided a 64 bit time value for a specified clock_ID to make the kernel Y2038 safe on 32 bit architectures. Update the arm specific vDSO library accordingly with what it has been done for the kernel syscall exposing the clock_gettime64 entry point. Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
* ARM: 8931/1: Add clock_getres entry pointVincenzo Frascino2019-11-152-0/+7
| | | | | | | | | | The generic vDSO library provides an implementation of clock_getres() that can be leveraged by each architecture. Add clock_getres() entry point on arm to be on pair with arm64. Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
* ARM: 8930/1: Add support for generic vDSOVincenzo Frascino2019-11-153-248/+40
| | | | | | | | | | | | | The arm vDSO library requires some adaptations to take advantage of the newly introduced generic vDSO library. Introduce the following changes: - Modification vdso.c to be compliant with the common vdso datapage - Use of lib/vdso for gettimeofday - Implementation of elf note Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
* kbuild: add --hash-style= and --build-id unconditionallyMasahiro Yamada2019-07-171-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | As commit 1e0221374e30 ("mips: vdso: drop unnecessary cc-ldoption") explained, these flags are supported by the minimal required version of binutils. They are supported by ld.lld too. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com> Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com> Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
* Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-armLinus Torvalds2019-07-081-2/+1
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pull ARM updates from Russell King: - Add a "cut here" to make it clearer where oops dumps should be cut from - we already have a marker for the end of the dumps. - Add logging severity to show_pte() - Drop unnecessary common-page-size linker flag - Errata workarounds for Cortex A12 857271, Cortex A17 857272 and Cortex A7 814220. - Remove some unused variables that had started to provoke a compiler warning. * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm: ARM: 8863/1: stm32: select ARM errata 814220 ARM: 8862/1: errata: 814220-B-Cache maintenance by set/way operations can execute out of order ARM: 8865/1: mm: remove unused variables ARM: 8864/1: Add workaround for I-Cache line size mismatch between CPU cores ARM: 8861/1: errata: Workaround errata A12 857271 / A17 857272 ARM: 8860/1: VDSO: Drop implicit common-page-size linker flag ARM: arrange show_pte() to issue severity-based messages ARM: add "8<--- cut here ---" to kernel dumps
| * Merge branches 'fixes' and 'misc'Russell King2019-07-081-2/+1
| |\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix up the conflict between "VDSO: Drop implicit common-page-size linker flag" and "vdso: pass --be8 to linker if necessary" Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
| | * ARM: 8860/1: VDSO: Drop implicit common-page-size linker flagNick Desaulniers2019-06-201-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GNU linker's -z common-page-size's default value is based on the target architecture. arch/arm/vdso/Makefile sets it to the architecture default, which is implicit and redundant. Drop it. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181206191231.192355-1-ndesaulniers@google.com Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Acked-by: Nathan Lynch <nathanl@linux.ibm.com> Suggested-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
* | | Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-armLinus Torvalds2019-06-211-2/+3
|\| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pull ARM fix from Russell King: "Just one ARM fix this time around for Jason Donenfeld, fixing a problem with the VDSO generation on big endian" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm: ARM: 8867/1: vdso: pass --be8 to linker if necessary
| * | ARM: 8867/1: vdso: pass --be8 to linker if necessaryJason A. Donenfeld2019-06-201-2/+3
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The commit fe00e50b2db8 ("ARM: 8858/1: vdso: use $(LD) instead of $(CC) to link VDSO") removed the passing of CFLAGS, since ld doesn't take those directly. However, prior, big-endian ARM was relying on gcc to translate its -mbe8 option into ld's --be8 option. Lacking this, ld generated be32 code, making the VDSO generate SIGILL when called by userspace. This commit passes --be8 if CONFIG_CPU_ENDIAN_BE8 is enabled. Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com> Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
* | treewide: Replace GPLv2 boilerplate/reference with SPDX - rule 234Thomas Gleixner2019-06-192-24/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Based on 1 normalized pattern(s): this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify it under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as published by the free software foundation this program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see the gnu general public license for more details you should have received a copy of the gnu general public license along with this program if not see http www gnu org licenses extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier GPL-2.0-only has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 503 file(s). Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Alexios Zavras <alexios.zavras@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net> Reviewed-by: Enrico Weigelt <info@metux.net> Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190602204653.811534538@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
* | treewide: Replace GPLv2 boilerplate/reference with SPDX - rule 340Thomas Gleixner2019-06-052-27/+2
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Based on 1 normalized pattern(s): this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by the free software foundation version 2 of the license this program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see the gnu general public license for more details you should have received a copy of the gnu general public license along with this program if not see http www gnu org licenses extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier GPL-2.0-only has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 15 file(s). Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Alexios Zavras <alexios.zavras@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Richard Fontana <rfontana@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net> Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190530000437.052642892@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
* Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-armLinus Torvalds2019-05-161-13/+8
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pull ARM updates from Russell King: "ARM development updates: - more unified assembly conversions for clang - drop obsolete -mauto-it assembler option - remove arm_memory_present in preference to the generic version - remove unused asm/limits.h header - vdso linker update We tried to make the assembler warn if unified syntax was not used, but unfortunately older versions of GCC warn, so the commit had to be reverted" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm: Revert "ARM: 8846/1: warn if divided syntax assembler is used" ARM: 8858/1: vdso: use $(LD) instead of $(CC) to link VDSO ARM: 8855/1: remove unused <asm/limits.h> ARM: 8850/1: use memblocks_present ARM: 8854/1: drop -mauto-it ARM: 8846/1: warn if divided syntax assembler is used ARM: 8853/1: drop WASM to work around LLVM issue ARM: 8852/1: uaccess: use unified assembler language syntax ARM: 8851/1: add TUSERCOND() macro for conditional postfix
| * ARM: 8858/1: vdso: use $(LD) instead of $(CC) to link VDSOMasahiro Yamada2019-04-231-13/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | We use $(LD) to link vmlinux, modules, decompressors, etc. VDSO is the only exceptional case where $(CC) is used as the linker driver, but I do not know why we need to do so. VDSO uses a special linker script, and does not link standard libraries at all. I changed the Makefile to use $(LD) rather than $(CC). I confirmed the same vdso.so.raw was still produced. Users will be able to use their favorite linker (e.g. lld instead of of bfd) by passing LD= from the command line. My plan is to rewrite all VDSO Makefiles to use $(LD), then delete cc-ldoption. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com> Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
* | ARM: vdso: Remove dependency with the arch_timer driver internalsMarc Zyngier2019-04-301-2/+3
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | The VDSO code uses the kernel helper that was originally designed to abstract the access between 32 and 64bit systems. It worked so far because this function is declared as 'inline'. As we're about to revamp that part of the code, the VDSO would break. Let's fix it by doing what should have been done from the start, a proper system register access. Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
* arm: port KCOV to armDmitry Vyukov2018-06-151-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | KCOV is code coverage collection facility used, in particular, by syzkaller system call fuzzer. There is some interest in using syzkaller on arm devices. So port KCOV to arm. On implementation level this merely declares that KCOV is supported and disables instrumentation of 3 special cases. Reasons for disabling are commented in code. Tested with qemu-system-arm/vexpress-a15. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180511143248.112484-1-dvyukov@google.com Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Abbott Liu <liuwenliang@huawei.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Koguchi Takuo <takuo.koguchi.sw@hitachi.com> Cc: <syzkaller@googlegroups.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'linus' into locking/core, to resolve conflictsIngo Molnar2017-11-072-0/+2
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Conflicts: include/linux/compiler-clang.h include/linux/compiler-gcc.h include/linux/compiler-intel.h include/uapi/linux/stddef.h Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
| * License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman2017-11-022-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
* | locking/atomics: COCCINELLE/treewide: Convert trivial ACCESS_ONCE() patterns ↵Mark Rutland2017-10-251-1/+1
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | to READ_ONCE()/WRITE_ONCE() Please do not apply this to mainline directly, instead please re-run the coccinelle script shown below and apply its output. For several reasons, it is desirable to use {READ,WRITE}_ONCE() in preference to ACCESS_ONCE(), and new code is expected to use one of the former. So far, there's been no reason to change most existing uses of ACCESS_ONCE(), as these aren't harmful, and changing them results in churn. However, for some features, the read/write distinction is critical to correct operation. To distinguish these cases, separate read/write accessors must be used. This patch migrates (most) remaining ACCESS_ONCE() instances to {READ,WRITE}_ONCE(), using the following coccinelle script: ---- // Convert trivial ACCESS_ONCE() uses to equivalent READ_ONCE() and // WRITE_ONCE() // $ make coccicheck COCCI=/home/mark/once.cocci SPFLAGS="--include-headers" MODE=patch virtual patch @ depends on patch @ expression E1, E2; @@ - ACCESS_ONCE(E1) = E2 + WRITE_ONCE(E1, E2) @ depends on patch @ expression E; @@ - ACCESS_ONCE(E) + READ_ONCE(E) ---- Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: davem@davemloft.net Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org Cc: mpe@ellerman.id.au Cc: shuah@kernel.org Cc: snitzer@redhat.com Cc: thor.thayer@linux.intel.com Cc: tj@kernel.org Cc: viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk Cc: will.deacon@arm.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1508792849-3115-19-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
* kbuild: drop FORCE from PHONY targetsMasahiro Yamada2016-04-201-1/+1
| | | | | | | | These targets are marked as PHONY. No need to add FORCE to their dependency. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com> Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.com>
* ARM/vdso: Mark the vDSO code read-only after initDavid Brown2016-02-221-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Although the ARM vDSO is cleanly separated by code/data with the code being read-only in userspace mappings, the code page is still writable from the kernel. There have been exploits (such as http://itszn.com/blog/?p=21) that take advantage of this on x86 to go from a bad kernel write to full root. Prevent this specific exploit class on ARM as well by putting the vDSO code page in post-init read-only memory as well. Before: vdso: 1 text pages at base 80927000 root@Vexpress:/ cat /sys/kernel/debug/kernel_page_tables ---[ Modules ]--- ---[ Kernel Mapping ]--- 0x80000000-0x80100000 1M RW NX SHD 0x80100000-0x80600000 5M ro x SHD 0x80600000-0x80800000 2M ro NX SHD 0x80800000-0xbe000000 984M RW NX SHD After: vdso: 1 text pages at base 8072b000 root@Vexpress:/ cat /sys/kernel/debug/kernel_page_tables ---[ Modules ]--- ---[ Kernel Mapping ]--- 0x80000000-0x80100000 1M RW NX SHD 0x80100000-0x80600000 5M ro x SHD 0x80600000-0x80800000 2M ro NX SHD 0x80800000-0xbe000000 984M RW NX SHD Inspired by https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/1/19/494 based on work by the PaX Team, Brad Spengler, and Kees Cook. Signed-off-by: David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net> Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com> Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com> Cc: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Cc: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com Cc: linux-arch <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1455748879-21872-8-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
* ARM: 8449/1: fix bug in vdsomunge swab32 macroH. Nikolaus Schaller2015-10-291-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | Commit 8a603f91cc48 ("ARM: 8445/1: fix vdsomunge not to depend on glibc specific byteswap.h") unfortunately introduced a bug created but not found during discussion and patch simplification. Reported-by: Efraim Yawitz <efraim.yawitz@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: H. Nikolaus Schaller <hns@goldelico.com> Fixes: 8a603f91cc48 ("ARM: 8445/1: fix vdsomunge not to depend on glibc specific byteswap.h") Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
* ARM: 8445/1: fix vdsomunge not to depend on glibc specific byteswap.hH. Nikolaus Schaller2015-10-191-4/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If the host toolchain is not glibc based then the arm kernel build fails with HOSTCC arch/arm/vdso/vdsomunge arch/arm/vdso/vdsomunge.c:48:22: fatal error: byteswap.h: No such file or directory Observed: with omap2plus_defconfig and compile on Mac OS X with arm ELF cross-compiler. Reason: byteswap.h is a glibc only header. Solution: replace by private byte-swapping macros (taken from arch/mips/boot/elf2ecoff.c and kindly improved by Russell King) Tested to compile on Mac OS X 10.9.5 host. Signed-off-by: H. Nikolaus Schaller <hns@goldelico.com> Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
* ARM: 8405/1: VDSO: fix regression with toolchains lacking ld.bfd executableNathan Lynch2015-07-311-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2014.05 toolchain (gcc 4.8.3, binutils 2.24.51) has a GCC which implements -fuse-ld, and it doesn't include the gold linker, but it lacks an ld.bfd executable in its installation. This means that passing -fuse-ld=bfd fails with: VDSO arch/arm/vdso/vdso.so.raw collect2: fatal error: cannot find 'ld' Arguably this is a deficiency in the toolchain, but I suspect it's commonly used enough that it's worth accommodating: just use cc-ldoption (to cause a link attempt) instead of cc-option to test whether we can use -fuse-ld. So -fuse-ld=bfd won't be used with this toolchain, but the build will rightly succeed, just as it does for toolchains which don't implement -fuse-ld (and don't use gold as the default linker). Note: this will change the failure mode for a corner case I was trying to handle in d2b30cd4b722, where the toolchain defaults to the gold linker and the BFD linker is not found in PATH, from: VDSO arch/arm/vdso/vdso.so.raw collect2: fatal error: cannot find 'ld' i.e. the BFD linker is not found, to: OBJCOPY arch/arm/vdso/vdso.so BFD: arch/arm/vdso/vdso.so: Not enough room for program headers, try linking with -N that is, we fail to prevent gold from being used as the linker, and it produces an object that objcopy can't digest. Reported-by: Baruch Siach <baruch@tkos.co.il> Tested-by: Baruch Siach <baruch@tkos.co.il> Tested-by: Raphaël Poggi <poggi.raph@gmail.com> Fixes: d2b30cd4b722 ("ARM: 8384/1: VDSO: force use of BFD linker") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
* Merge branches 'fixes' and 'ioremap' into for-linusRussell King2015-07-071-7/+11
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| * ARM: 8384/1: VDSO: force use of BFD linkerNathan Lynch2015-06-061-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When using a toolchain with gold as the default linker, the VDSO build fails: VDSO arch/arm/vdso/vdso.so.raw HOSTCC arch/arm/vdso/vdsomunge MUNGE arch/arm/vdso/vdso.so.dbg OBJCOPY arch/arm/vdso/vdso.so BFD: arch/arm/vdso/vdso.so: Not enough room for program headers, try linking with -N For whatever reason, ld.gold is omitting an exidx program header that ld.bfd emits, and even when I work around that, I don't get a working VDSO. For now, instead of supporting gold (which will fail to link the kernel anyway since it does not implement --pic-veneer), direct the compiler to use the traditional bfd linker. This is accomplished by using -fuse-ld, which is implemented in GCC 4.8 and later. Note: one limitation of this is that if the toolchain is configured to use gold by default, and the bfd linker is not in $PATH, the VDSO build will fail: VDSO arch/arm/vdso/vdso.so.raw collect2: fatal error: cannot find 'ld' This will happen if CROSS_COMPILE begins with a path such as /opt/bin/arm-linux-gnu- but /opt/bin is not in $PATH. This is considered an acceptable corner-case limitation and is easily worked around. Additonal note: we use cc-option instead of cc-ldoption so that -fuse-ld=bfd is placed in the command line if the compiler recognizes the option. Using cc-ldoption results in an attempt to link, which fails in the situation just described, causing -fuse-ld=bfd to be omitted and gold to be used for the VDSO link, which is what we're trying to prevent. Reported-by: Stefan Agner <stefan@agner.ch> Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
| * ARM: 8385/1: VDSO: group link optionsNathan Lynch2015-06-061-7/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently the VDSO's link options are kind of a mess spread between ccflags-y and cmd_vdsold. Collect linker directives into one variable, VDSO_LDFLAGS, and use that in cmd_vdsold. Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
* | ARM: 8397/1: fix vdsomunge not to depend on glibc specific error.hSzabolcs Nagy2015-07-031-23/+33
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If the host toolchain is not glibc based then the arm kernel build fails with arch/arm/vdso/vdsomunge.c:53:19: fatal error: error.h: No such file or directory error.h is a glibc only header (ie not available in musl, newlib and bsd libcs). Changed the error reporting to standard conforming code to avoid depending on specific C implementations. Signed-off-by: Szabolcs Nagy <szabolcs.nagy@arm.com> Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Fixes: 8512287a8165 ("ARM: 8330/1: add VDSO user-space code") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
* ARM: 8344/1: VDSO: honor CONFIG_VDSO in MakefileNathan Lynch2015-04-211-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When CONFIG_VDSO=n, the build normally does not enter arch/arm/vdso/ because arch/arm/Makefile does not add it to core-y. However, if the user runs 'make arch/arm/vdso/' the VDSO targets will get visited. This is because the VDSO Makefile itself does not consider the value of CONFIG_VDSO. It is arguably better and more consistent behavior to generate an empty built-in.o when CONFIG_VDSO=n and the user attempts to build arch/arm/vdso/. It's nicer because it doesn't try to build things that Kconfig dependencies are there to prevent (e.g. the dependency on AEABI), and it's less confusing than building objects that won't be used in the final image. Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
* ARM: 8343/1: VDSO: add build artifacts to .gitignoreNathan Lynch2015-04-211-0/+2
| | | | | | | | vdsomunge and vdso.so.raw are outputs that don't get matched by the normal ignore rules. Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
* ARM: 8330/1: add VDSO user-space codeNathan Lynch2015-03-277-0/+695
Place VDSO-related user-space code in arch/arm/kernel/vdso/. It is almost completely written in C with some assembly helpers to load the data page address, sample the counter, and fall back to system calls when necessary. The VDSO can service gettimeofday and clock_gettime when CONFIG_ARM_ARCH_TIMER is enabled and the architected timer is present (and correctly configured). It reads the CP15-based virtual counter to compute high-resolution timestamps. Of particular note is that a post-processing step ("vdsomunge") is necessary to produce a shared object which is architecturally allowed to be used by both soft- and hard-float EABI programs. The 2012 edition of the ARM ABI defines Tag_ABI_VFP_args = 3 "Code is compatible with both the base and VFP variants; the user did not permit non-variadic functions to pass FP parameters/results." Unfortunately current toolchains do not support this tag, which is ideally what we would use. The best available option is to ensure that both EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_SOFT and EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_HARD are unset in the ELF header's e_flags, indicating that the shared object is "old" and should be accepted for backward compatibility's sake. While binutils < 2.24 appear to produce a vdso.so with both flags clear, 2.24 always sets EF_ARM_ABI_FLOAT_SOFT, with no way to inhibit this behavior. So we have to fix things up with a custom post-processing step. In fact, the VDSO code in glibc does much less validation (including checking these flags) than the code for handling conventional file-backed shared libraries, so this is a bit moot unless glibc's VDSO code becomes more strict. Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com> Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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