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* gfs2: Add support for statx inode flagsAndreas Gruenbacher2017-10-311-0/+14
| | | | | | | | | | | Add support for the STATX_ATTR_ flags in statx. (Compression, encryption, and the nodump flag are not supported by gfs2.) Partially fixes xfstest generic/424. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Price <anprice@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* gfs2: Implement SEEK_HOLE / SEEK_DATA via iomapAndreas Gruenbacher2017-10-311-0/+38
| | | | | | | So far, lseek on gfs2 did not report holes. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* GFS2: Switch fiemap implementation to use iomapBob Peterson2017-10-311-25/+9
| | | | | | | | This patch switches GFS2's implementation of fiemap from the old block_map code to the new iomap interface. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
* gfs2: Support negative atimesAndreas Gruenbacher2017-09-251-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When inodes are read from disk, GFS2 will only update in-memory atimes older than the on-disk atimes; this prevents atimes from going backwards. The atimes of newly allocated inodes are initialized to 0. This means that when an atime is explicitly set to a negative value, this value will not persist. Fix by setting the atime of newly allocated inodes to the lowest possible value instead of 0. Fixes xfstest generic/258. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* gfs2: Fix trivial typosAndreas Gruenbacher2017-08-091-1/+1
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* GFS2: Clear gl_object if gfs2_create_inode failsBob Peterson2017-08-091-1/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | If function gfs2_create_inode fails after the inode has been created (for example, if the inode_refresh fails for some reason) the function was setting gl_object but never clearing it again. The glocks are left pointing to a freed inode. This patch adds the calls to clear gl_object in the appropriate error paths. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
* GFS2: Set gl_object in inode lookup only after block type checkBob Peterson2017-07-211-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Before this patch, the inode glock's gl_object was set after a reference was acquired, but before the block type was verified. In cases where the block was unlinked, then freed and reused on another node, a residule delete callback (delete_work) would try to look up the inode, eventually failing the block check, but only after it overwrites gl_object with a pointer to the wrong inode. This patch moves the assignment of gl_object after the block check so it won't be improperly overwritten. Likewise, at the end of the function, gfs2_inode_lookup was clearing gl_object after it unlocked the glock, which meant another process might free the glock in the meantime. This patch guards against that case. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
* GFS2: Introduce helper for clearing gl_objectBob Peterson2017-07-211-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | This patch introduces a new helper function in glock.h that clears gl_object, with an added integrity check. An additional integrity check has been added to glock_set_object, plus comments. This is step 1 in a series to ensure gl_object integrity. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
* gfs2: Fixup to "Get rid of flush_delayed_work in gfs2_evict_inode"Andreas Gruenbacher2017-07-191-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | When commit 4fd1a57952 moved the call to flush_delayed_work from gfs2_evict_inode to gfs2_inode_lookup to avoid calling into DLM during evict, a similar call should have been added to gfs2_create_inode: that's another code path in which glocks of previous inodes may be reused. The flush of the iopen glock work queue added by 4fd1a57952, on the other hand, is unnecessary and can be removed. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* gfs2: gfs2_create_inode: Keep glock across iputAndreas Gruenbacher2017-07-051-1/+3
| | | | | | | | | On failure, keep the inode glock across the final iput of the new inode so that gfs2_evict_inode doesn't have to re-acquire the glock. That way, gfs2_evict_inode won't need to revalidate the block type. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* gfs2: Protect gl->gl_object by spin lockAndreas Gruenbacher2017-07-051-4/+4
| | | | | | | | Put all remaining accesses to gl->gl_object under the gl->gl_lockref.lock spinlock to prevent races. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* gfs2: Get rid of flush_delayed_work in gfs2_evict_inodeAndreas Gruenbacher2017-07-051-3/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | So far, gfs2_evict_inode clears gl->gl_object and then flushes the glock work queue to make sure that inode glops which dereference gl->gl_object have finished running before the inode is destroyed. However, flushing the work queue may do more work than needed, and in particular, it may call into DLM, which we want to avoid here. Use a bit lock (GIF_GLOP_PENDING) to synchronize between the inode glops and gfs2_evict_inode instead to get rid of the flushing. In addition, flush the work queues of existing glocks before reusing them for new inodes to get those glocks into a known state: the glock state engine currently doesn't handle glock re-appropriation correctly. (We may be able to fix the glock state engine instead later.) Based on a patch by Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* Revert "GFS2: Wait for iopen glock dequeues"Andreas Gruenbacher2017-04-031-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Revert commit 86d067a797d4e8546a7c92b985f31e8cd3ec39ad: it turns out that waiting for iopen glock dequeues here isn't needed anymore because the bugs that commit was meant to fix have been fixed otherwise. In addition, we want to avoid waiting on glocks in gfs2_evict_inode in shrinker context because the shrinker may be invoked on behalf of DLM, in which case calling into DLM again would deadlock. This commit makes the described scenario less likely without completely avoiding it; it's still a step in the right direction, though. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* GFS2: Temporarily zero i_no_addr when creating a dinodeBob Peterson2017-03-161-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Before this patch i_no_addr was not initialized until after the return from allocating its block. That meant the i_no_addr was temporarily uninitialized storage. Ordinarily that's not a concern, but if inplace_reserve can't find space, it can call try_rgrp_unlink which references i_no_addr as a block to avoid. That can result in unpredictable behavior. More importantly, the trace point in gfs2_alloc_blocks references ip->i_no_addr before it is set, which is misleading when reading the kernel traces. This patch makes it look like the new dinode block was assigned in the name of inode 0 rather than a random inode that's completely unrelated. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* Merge branch 'rebased-statx' of ↵Linus Torvalds2017-03-031-5/+6
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull vfs 'statx()' update from Al Viro. This adds the new extended stat() interface that internally subsumes our previous stat interfaces, and allows user mode to specify in more detail what kind of information it wants. It also allows for some explicit synchronization information to be passed to the filesystem, which can be relevant for network filesystems: is the cached value ok, or do you need open/close consistency, or what? From David Howells. Andreas Dilger points out that the first version of the extended statx interface was posted June 29, 2010: https://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-fsdevel/msg33831.html * 'rebased-statx' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: statx: Add a system call to make enhanced file info available
| * statx: Add a system call to make enhanced file info availableDavid Howells2017-03-021-5/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add a system call to make extended file information available, including file creation and some attribute flags where available through the underlying filesystem. The getattr inode operation is altered to take two additional arguments: a u32 request_mask and an unsigned int flags that indicate the synchronisation mode. This change is propagated to the vfs_getattr*() function. Functions like vfs_stat() are now inline wrappers around new functions vfs_statx() and vfs_statx_fd() to reduce stack usage. ======== OVERVIEW ======== The idea was initially proposed as a set of xattrs that could be retrieved with getxattr(), but the general preference proved to be for a new syscall with an extended stat structure. A number of requests were gathered for features to be included. The following have been included: (1) Make the fields a consistent size on all arches and make them large. (2) Spare space, request flags and information flags are provided for future expansion. (3) Better support for the y2038 problem [Arnd Bergmann] (tv_sec is an __s64). (4) Creation time: The SMB protocol carries the creation time, which could be exported by Samba, which will in turn help CIFS make use of FS-Cache as that can be used for coherency data (stx_btime). This is also specified in NFSv4 as a recommended attribute and could be exported by NFSD [Steve French]. (5) Lightweight stat: Ask for just those details of interest, and allow a netfs (such as NFS) to approximate anything not of interest, possibly without going to the server [Trond Myklebust, Ulrich Drepper, Andreas Dilger] (AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC). (6) Heavyweight stat: Force a netfs to go to the server, even if it thinks its cached attributes are up to date [Trond Myklebust] (AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC). And the following have been left out for future extension: (7) Data version number: Could be used by userspace NFS servers [Aneesh Kumar]. Can also be used to modify fill_post_wcc() in NFSD which retrieves i_version directly, but has just called vfs_getattr(). It could get it from the kstat struct if it used vfs_xgetattr() instead. (There's disagreement on the exact semantics of a single field, since not all filesystems do this the same way). (8) BSD stat compatibility: Including more fields from the BSD stat such as creation time (st_btime) and inode generation number (st_gen) [Jeremy Allison, Bernd Schubert]. (9) Inode generation number: Useful for FUSE and userspace NFS servers [Bernd Schubert]. (This was asked for but later deemed unnecessary with the open-by-handle capability available and caused disagreement as to whether it's a security hole or not). (10) Extra coherency data may be useful in making backups [Andreas Dilger]. (No particular data were offered, but things like last backup timestamp, the data version number and the DOS archive bit would come into this category). (11) Allow the filesystem to indicate what it can/cannot provide: A filesystem can now say it doesn't support a standard stat feature if that isn't available, so if, for instance, inode numbers or UIDs don't exist or are fabricated locally... (This requires a separate system call - I have an fsinfo() call idea for this). (12) Store a 16-byte volume ID in the superblock that can be returned in struct xstat [Steve French]. (Deferred to fsinfo). (13) Include granularity fields in the time data to indicate the granularity of each of the times (NFSv4 time_delta) [Steve French]. (Deferred to fsinfo). (14) FS_IOC_GETFLAGS value. These could be translated to BSD's st_flags. Note that the Linux IOC flags are a mess and filesystems such as Ext4 define flags that aren't in linux/fs.h, so translation in the kernel may be a necessity (or, possibly, we provide the filesystem type too). (Some attributes are made available in stx_attributes, but the general feeling was that the IOC flags were to ext[234]-specific and shouldn't be exposed through statx this way). (15) Mask of features available on file (eg: ACLs, seclabel) [Brad Boyer, Michael Kerrisk]. (Deferred, probably to fsinfo. Finding out if there's an ACL or seclabal might require extra filesystem operations). (16) Femtosecond-resolution timestamps [Dave Chinner]. (A __reserved field has been left in the statx_timestamp struct for this - if there proves to be a need). (17) A set multiple attributes syscall to go with this. =============== NEW SYSTEM CALL =============== The new system call is: int ret = statx(int dfd, const char *filename, unsigned int flags, unsigned int mask, struct statx *buffer); The dfd, filename and flags parameters indicate the file to query, in a similar way to fstatat(). There is no equivalent of lstat() as that can be emulated with statx() by passing AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW in flags. There is also no equivalent of fstat() as that can be emulated by passing a NULL filename to statx() with the fd of interest in dfd. Whether or not statx() synchronises the attributes with the backing store can be controlled by OR'ing a value into the flags argument (this typically only affects network filesystems): (1) AT_STATX_SYNC_AS_STAT tells statx() to behave as stat() does in this respect. (2) AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC will require a network filesystem to synchronise its attributes with the server - which might require data writeback to occur to get the timestamps correct. (3) AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC will suppress synchronisation with the server in a network filesystem. The resulting values should be considered approximate. mask is a bitmask indicating the fields in struct statx that are of interest to the caller. The user should set this to STATX_BASIC_STATS to get the basic set returned by stat(). It should be noted that asking for more information may entail extra I/O operations. buffer points to the destination for the data. This must be 256 bytes in size. ====================== MAIN ATTRIBUTES RECORD ====================== The following structures are defined in which to return the main attribute set: struct statx_timestamp { __s64 tv_sec; __s32 tv_nsec; __s32 __reserved; }; struct statx { __u32 stx_mask; __u32 stx_blksize; __u64 stx_attributes; __u32 stx_nlink; __u32 stx_uid; __u32 stx_gid; __u16 stx_mode; __u16 __spare0[1]; __u64 stx_ino; __u64 stx_size; __u64 stx_blocks; __u64 __spare1[1]; struct statx_timestamp stx_atime; struct statx_timestamp stx_btime; struct statx_timestamp stx_ctime; struct statx_timestamp stx_mtime; __u32 stx_rdev_major; __u32 stx_rdev_minor; __u32 stx_dev_major; __u32 stx_dev_minor; __u64 __spare2[14]; }; The defined bits in request_mask and stx_mask are: STATX_TYPE Want/got stx_mode & S_IFMT STATX_MODE Want/got stx_mode & ~S_IFMT STATX_NLINK Want/got stx_nlink STATX_UID Want/got stx_uid STATX_GID Want/got stx_gid STATX_ATIME Want/got stx_atime{,_ns} STATX_MTIME Want/got stx_mtime{,_ns} STATX_CTIME Want/got stx_ctime{,_ns} STATX_INO Want/got stx_ino STATX_SIZE Want/got stx_size STATX_BLOCKS Want/got stx_blocks STATX_BASIC_STATS [The stuff in the normal stat struct] STATX_BTIME Want/got stx_btime{,_ns} STATX_ALL [All currently available stuff] stx_btime is the file creation time, stx_mask is a bitmask indicating the data provided and __spares*[] are where as-yet undefined fields can be placed. Time fields are structures with separate seconds and nanoseconds fields plus a reserved field in case we want to add even finer resolution. Note that times will be negative if before 1970; in such a case, the nanosecond fields will also be negative if not zero. The bits defined in the stx_attributes field convey information about a file, how it is accessed, where it is and what it does. The following attributes map to FS_*_FL flags and are the same numerical value: STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED File is compressed by the fs STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE File is marked immutable STATX_ATTR_APPEND File is append-only STATX_ATTR_NODUMP File is not to be dumped STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED File requires key to decrypt in fs Within the kernel, the supported flags are listed by: KSTAT_ATTR_FS_IOC_FLAGS [Are any other IOC flags of sufficient general interest to be exposed through this interface?] New flags include: STATX_ATTR_AUTOMOUNT Object is an automount trigger These are for the use of GUI tools that might want to mark files specially, depending on what they are. Fields in struct statx come in a number of classes: (0) stx_dev_*, stx_blksize. These are local system information and are always available. (1) stx_mode, stx_nlinks, stx_uid, stx_gid, stx_[amc]time, stx_ino, stx_size, stx_blocks. These will be returned whether the caller asks for them or not. The corresponding bits in stx_mask will be set to indicate whether they actually have valid values. If the caller didn't ask for them, then they may be approximated. For example, NFS won't waste any time updating them from the server, unless as a byproduct of updating something requested. If the values don't actually exist for the underlying object (such as UID or GID on a DOS file), then the bit won't be set in the stx_mask, even if the caller asked for the value. In such a case, the returned value will be a fabrication. Note that there are instances where the type might not be valid, for instance Windows reparse points. (2) stx_rdev_*. This will be set only if stx_mode indicates we're looking at a blockdev or a chardev, otherwise will be 0. (3) stx_btime. Similar to (1), except this will be set to 0 if it doesn't exist. ======= TESTING ======= The following test program can be used to test the statx system call: samples/statx/test-statx.c Just compile and run, passing it paths to the files you want to examine. The file is built automatically if CONFIG_SAMPLES is enabled. Here's some example output. Firstly, an NFS directory that crosses to another FSID. Note that the AUTOMOUNT attribute is set because transiting this directory will cause d_automount to be invoked by the VFS. [root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx -A /warthog/data statx(/warthog/data) = 0 results=7ff Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory Device: 00:26 Inode: 1703937 Links: 125 Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041 Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000 Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000 Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000 Attributes: 0000000000001000 (-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---m---- --------) Secondly, the result of automounting on that directory. [root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx /warthog/data statx(/warthog/data) = 0 results=7ff Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory Device: 00:27 Inode: 2 Links: 125 Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041 Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000 Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000 Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000 Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* | sched/headers: Prepare to remove <linux/cred.h> inclusion from <linux/sched.h>Ingo Molnar2017-03-021-0/+1
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add #include <linux/cred.h> dependencies to all .c files rely on sched.h doing that for them. Note that even if the count where we need to add extra headers seems high, it's still a net win, because <linux/sched.h> is included in over 2,200 files ... Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
* Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globallyLinus Torvalds2016-12-241-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | This was entirely automated, using the script by Al: PATT='^[[:blank:]]*#[[:blank:]]*include[[:blank:]]*<asm/uaccess.h>' sed -i -e "s!$PATT!#include <linux/uaccess.h>!" \ $(git grep -l "$PATT"|grep -v ^include/linux/uaccess.h) to do the replacement at the end of the merge window. Requested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vfs: remove ".readlink = generic_readlink" assignmentsMiklos Szeredi2016-12-091-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | If .readlink == NULL implies generic_readlink(). Generated by: to_del="\.readlink.*=.*generic_readlink" for i in `git grep -l $to_del`; do sed -i "/$to_del"/d $i; done Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
* Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds2016-10-101-5/+5
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull more vfs updates from Al Viro: ">rename2() work from Miklos + current_time() from Deepa" * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: fs: Replace current_fs_time() with current_time() fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME_SEC with current_time() for inode timestamps fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time() for inode timestamps fs: proc: Delete inode time initializations in proc_alloc_inode() vfs: Add current_time() api vfs: add note about i_op->rename changes to porting fs: rename "rename2" i_op to "rename" vfs: remove unused i_op->rename fs: make remaining filesystems use .rename2 libfs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE in simple_rename() fs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE for local filesystems ncpfs: fix unused variable warning
| * Merge remote-tracking branch 'ovl/rename2' into for-linusAl Viro2016-10-101-1/+1
| |\
| | * fs: rename "rename2" i_op to "rename"Miklos Szeredi2016-09-271-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Generated patch: sed -i "s/\.rename2\t/\.rename\t\t/" `git grep -wl rename2` sed -i "s/\brename2\b/rename/g" `git grep -wl rename2` Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
| * | fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time() for inode timestampsDeepa Dinamani2016-09-271-4/+4
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CURRENT_TIME macro is not appropriate for filesystems as it doesn't use the right granularity for filesystem timestamps. Use current_time() instead. CURRENT_TIME is also not y2038 safe. This is also in preparation for the patch that transitions vfs timestamps to use 64 bit time and hence make them y2038 safe. As part of the effort current_time() will be extended to do range checks. Hence, it is necessary for all file system timestamps to use current_time(). Also, current_time() will be transitioned along with vfs to be y2038 safe. Note that whenever a single call to current_time() is used to change timestamps in different inodes, it is because they share the same time granularity. Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Acked-by: Felipe Balbi <balbi@kernel.org> Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Acked-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp> Acked-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* | Merge branch 'work.xattr' of ↵Linus Torvalds2016-10-101-9/+0
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull vfs xattr updates from Al Viro: "xattr stuff from Andreas This completes the switch to xattr_handler ->get()/->set() from ->getxattr/->setxattr/->removexattr" * 'work.xattr' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: vfs: Remove {get,set,remove}xattr inode operations xattr: Stop calling {get,set,remove}xattr inode operations vfs: Check for the IOP_XATTR flag in listxattr xattr: Add __vfs_{get,set,remove}xattr helpers libfs: Use IOP_XATTR flag for empty directory handling vfs: Use IOP_XATTR flag for bad-inode handling vfs: Add IOP_XATTR inode operations flag vfs: Move xattr_resolve_name to the front of fs/xattr.c ecryptfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers sockfs: Get rid of getxattr iop sockfs: getxattr: Fail with -EOPNOTSUPP for invalid attribute names kernfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers hfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers jffs2: Remove jffs2_{get,set,remove}xattr macros xattr: Remove unnecessary NULL attribute name check
| * | vfs: Remove {get,set,remove}xattr inode operationsAndreas Gruenbacher2016-10-071-9/+0
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | These inode operations are no longer used; remove them. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* | Merge branch 'work.misc' of ↵Linus Torvalds2016-10-101-1/+1
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro: "Assorted misc bits and pieces. There are several single-topic branches left after this (rename2 series from Miklos, current_time series from Deepa Dinamani, xattr series from Andreas, uaccess stuff from from me) and I'd prefer to send those separately" * 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (39 commits) proc: switch auxv to use of __mem_open() hpfs: support FIEMAP cifs: get rid of unused arguments of CIFSSMBWrite() posix_acl: uapi header split posix_acl: xattr representation cleanups fs/aio.c: eliminate redundant loads in put_aio_ring_file fs/internal.h: add const to ns_dentry_operations declaration compat: remove compat_printk() fs/buffer.c: make __getblk_slow() static proc: unsigned file descriptors fs/file: more unsigned file descriptors fs: compat: remove redundant check of nr_segs cachefiles: Fix attempt to read i_blocks after deleting file [ver #2] cifs: don't use memcpy() to copy struct iov_iter get rid of separate multipage fault-in primitives fs: Avoid premature clearing of capabilities fs: Give dentry to inode_change_ok() instead of inode fuse: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok() ceph: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok() xfs: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok() ...
| * | fs: Give dentry to inode_change_ok() instead of inodeJan Kara2016-09-221-1/+1
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | inode_change_ok() will be resposible for clearing capabilities and IMA extended attributes and as such will need dentry. Give it as an argument to inode_change_ok() instead of an inode. Also rename inode_change_ok() to setattr_prepare() to better relect that it does also some modifications in addition to checks. Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
* | Merge tag 'gfs2-4.8.fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds2016-10-041-0/+4
|\ \ | |/ |/| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2 Pull gfs2 updates from Bob Peterson: "We've only got six GFS2 patches for this merge window. In patch order: - Fabian Frederick submitted a nice cleanup that uses the BIT macro rather than bit shifting. - Andreas Gruenbacher contributed a patch that fixes a long-standing annoyance whereby GFS2 warned about dirty pages. - Andreas also fixed a problem with the recent extended attribute readahead feature. - Chao Yu contributed a patch that checks the return code from function register_shrinker and reacts accordingly. Previously, it was not checked. - Andreas Gruenbacher also fixed a problem whereby incore file timestamps were forgotten if the file was invalidated. This merely moves the assignment inside the inode glock where it belongs. - Andreas also fixed a problem where incore timestamps were not initialized" * tag 'gfs2-4.8.fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2: gfs2: Initialize atime of I_NEW inodes gfs2: Update file times after grabbing glock gfs2: fix to detect failure of register_shrinker gfs2: Fix extended attribute readahead optimization gfs2: Remove dirty buffer warning from gfs2_releasepage GFS2: use BIT() macro
| * gfs2: Initialize atime of I_NEW inodesAndreas Gruenbacher2016-09-261-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix for commit 719ee344: initialize atime of I_NEW inodes to 0 so that the timestamps read from disk will always be more recent than the initial timestamp, and the atime in the I_NEW inode will be set correctly. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* | fs: return EPERM on immutable inodeEryu Guan2016-08-071-1/+1
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | In most cases, EPERM is returned on immutable inode, and there're only a few places returning EACCES. I noticed this when running LTP on overlayfs, setxattr03 failed due to unexpected EACCES on immutable inode. So converting all EACCES to EPERM on immutable inode. Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Eryu Guan <guaneryu@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge tag 'gfs2-4.7.fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds2016-07-241-43/+85
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2 Pull gfs2 updates from Bob Peterson: "We've got ten patches this time, half of which are related to a plethora of nasty outcomes when inodes are transitioned from the unlinked state to the free state. Small file systems are particularly vulnerable to these problems, and it can manifest as mainly hangs, but also file system corruption. The patches have been tested for literally many weeks, with a very gruelling test, so I have a high level of confidence. - Andreas Gruenbacher wrote a series of five patches for various lockups during the transition of inodes from unlinked to free. The main patch is titled "Fix gfs2_lookup_by_inum lock inversion" and the other four are support and cleanup patches related to that. - Ben Marzinski contributed two patches with regard to a recreatable problem when gfs2 tries to write a page to a file that is being truncated, resulting in a BUG() in gfs2_remove_from_journal. Note that Ben had to export vfs function __block_write_full_page to get this to work properly. It's been posted a long time and he talked to various VFS people about it, and nobody seemed to mind. - I contributed 3 patches: o The first one fixes a memory corruptor: a race in which one process can overwrite the gl_object pointer set by another process, causing kernel panic and other symptoms. o The second patch fixes another race that resulted in a false-positive BUG_ON. This occurred when resource group reservations were freed by one process while another process was trying to grab a new reservation in the same resource group. o The third patch fixes a problem with doing journal replay when the journals are not all the same size" * tag 'gfs2-4.7.fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2: GFS2: Fix gfs2_replay_incr_blk for multiple journal sizes GFS2: Check rs_free with rd_rsspin protection gfs2: writeout truncated pages fs: export __block_write_full_page gfs2: Lock holder cleanup gfs2: Large-filesystem fix for 32-bit systems gfs2: Get rid of gfs2_ilookup gfs2: Fix gfs2_lookup_by_inum lock inversion gfs2: Initialize iopen glock holder for new inodes GFS2: don't set rgrp gl_object until it's inserted into rgrp tree
| * gfs2: Lock holder cleanupAndreas Gruenbacher2016-06-271-18/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make the code more readable by cleaning up the different ways of initializing lock holders and checking for initialized lock holders: mark lock holders as uninitialized by setting the holder's glock to NULL (gfs2_holder_mark_uninitialized) instead of zeroing out the entire object or using a separate flag. Recognize initialized holders by their non-NULL glock (gfs2_holder_initialized). Don't zero out holder objects which are immeditiately initialized via gfs2_holder_init or gfs2_glock_nq_init. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
| * gfs2: Large-filesystem fix for 32-bit systemsAndreas Gruenbacher2016-06-271-2/+17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit ff34245d switched from iget5_locked to iget_locked among other things, but iget_locked doesn't work for filesystems larger than 2^32 blocks on 32-bit systems. Switch back to iget5_locked. Filesystems larger than 2^32 blocks are unrealistic to work well on 32-bit systems, so this is mostly a code cleanliness fix. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
| * gfs2: Get rid of gfs2_ilookupAndreas Gruenbacher2016-06-271-15/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Now that gfs2_lookup_by_inum only takes the inode glock for new inodes (and not for cached inodes anymore), there no longer is a need to optimize the cached-inode case in gfs2_get_dentry or delete_work_func, and gfs2_ilookup can be removed. In addition, gfs2_get_dentry wasn't checking the GFS2_DIF_SYSTEM flag in i_diskflags in the gfs2_ilookup case (see gfs2_lookup_by_inum); this inconsistency goes away as well. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
| * gfs2: Fix gfs2_lookup_by_inum lock inversionAndreas Gruenbacher2016-06-271-28/+73
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The current gfs2_lookup_by_inum takes the glock of a presumed inode identified by block number, verifies that the block is indeed an inode, and then instantiates and reads the new inode via gfs2_inode_lookup. However, instantiating a new inode may block on freeing a previous instance of that inode (__wait_on_freeing_inode), and freeing an inode requires to take the glock already held, leading to lock inversion and deadlock. Fix this by first instantiating the new inode, then verifying that the block is an inode (if required), and then reading in the new inode, all in gfs2_inode_lookup. If the block we are looking for is not an inode, we discard the new inode via iget_failed, which marks inodes as bad and unhashes them. Other tasks waiting on that inode will get back a bad inode back from ilookup or iget_locked; in that case, retry the lookup. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* | Use the right predicate in ->atomic_open() instancesAl Viro2016-07-051-1/+1
|/ | | | | | | | ->atomic_open() can be given an in-lookup dentry *or* a negative one found in dcache. Use d_in_lookup() to tell one from another, rather than d_unhashed(). Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* Merge tag 'gfs2-4.7.fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds2016-05-201-3/+3
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2 Pull GFS2 updates from Bob Peterson: "We've got nine patches this time: - Abhi Das has two patches that fix a GFS2 splice issue (and an adjustment). - Ben Marzinski has a patch which allows the proper unmount of a GFS2 file system after hitting a withdraw error. - I have a patch to fix a problem where GFS2 would dereference an error value, plus three cosmetic / refactoring patches. - Daniel DeFreez has a patch to fix two glock reference count problems, where GFS2 was not properly "uninitializing" its glock holder on error paths. - Denys Vlasenko has a patch to change a function to not be inlined, thus reducing the memory footprint of the GFS2 module" * tag 'gfs2-4.7.fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2: GFS2: Refactor gfs2_remove_from_journal GFS2: Remove allocation parms from gfs2_rbm_find gfs2: use inode_lock/unlock instead of accessing i_mutex directly GFS2: Add calls to gfs2_holder_uninit in two error handlers GFS2: Don't dereference inode in gfs2_inode_lookup until it's valid GFS2: fs/gfs2/glock.c: Deinline do_error, save 1856 bytes gfs2: Use gfs2 wrapper to sync inode before calling generic_file_splice_read() GFS2: Get rid of dead code in inode_go_demote_ok GFS2: ignore unlock failures after withdraw
| * GFS2: Don't dereference inode in gfs2_inode_lookup until it's validBob Peterson2016-04-141-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Function gfs2_inode_lookup was dereferencing the inode, and after, it checks for the value being NULL. We need to check that first. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
* | gfs2: Switch to generic xattr handlersAl Viro2016-05-121-71/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Switch to the generic xattr handlers and take the necessary glocks at the layer below. The following are the new xattr "entry points"; they are called with the glock held already in the following cases: gfs2_xattr_get: From SELinux, during lookups. gfs2_xattr_set: The glock is never held. gfs2_get_acl: From gfs2_create_inode -> posix_acl_create and gfs2_setattr -> posix_acl_chmod. gfs2_set_acl: From gfs2_setattr -> posix_acl_chmod. Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* | ->getxattr(): pass dentry and inode as separate argumentsAl Viro2016-04-111-5/+4
|/ | | | Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* Merge tag 'gfs2-merge-window' of ↵Linus Torvalds2016-03-171-59/+12
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2 Pull GFS2 updates from Bob Peterson: "We only have six patches ready for this merge window: - Arnd Bergmann contributed a patch that fixes an uninitialized variable warning. - The second patch avoids a kernel panic due to referencing an iopen glock that may not be held, in an error path. - The third patch fixes a rounding error that caused xfs_tests direct IO write "fsx" tests to fail on GFS2. - The fourth patch tidies up the code path when glocks are being reused to recreate a dinode that was recently deleted. - The fifth reverts an ages-old patch that should no longer be needed, and which interfered with the transition of dinodes from unlinked to free. - And lastly, a patch to eliminate a function parameter that's not needed" * tag 'gfs2-merge-window' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2: GFS2: Eliminate parameter non_block on gfs2_inode_lookup GFS2: Don't filter out I_FREEING inodes anymore GFS2: Prevent delete work from occurring on glocks used for create GFS2: Fix direct IO write rounding error gfs2: avoid uninitialized variable warning GFS2: Check if iopen is held when deleting inode
| * GFS2: Eliminate parameter non_block on gfs2_inode_lookupBob Peterson2016-03-151-3/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Now that we're not filtering out I_FREEING inodes from our lookups anymore, we can eliminate the non_block parameter from the lookup function. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com> Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
| * GFS2: Don't filter out I_FREEING inodes anymoreBob Peterson2016-03-151-55/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch basically reverts a very old patch from 2008, 7a9f53b3c1875bef22ad4588e818bc046ef183da, with the title "Alternate gfs2_iget to avoid looking up inodes being freed". The original patch was designed to avoid a deadlock caused by lock ordering with try_rgrp_unlink. The patch forced the function to not find inodes that were being removed by VFS. The problem is, that made it impossible for nodes to delete their own unlinked dinodes after a certain point in time, because the inode needed was not found by this filtering process. There is no longer a need for the patch, since function try_rgrp_unlink no longer locks the inode: All it does is queue the glock onto the delete work_queue, so there should be no more deadlock. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
| * GFS2: Prevent delete work from occurring on glocks used for createBob Peterson2016-03-151-1/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch tries to prevent delete work (queued via iopen callback) from executing if the glock is currently being used to create a new inode. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com> Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
* | wrappers for ->i_mutex accessAl Viro2016-01-221-2/+2
|/ | | | | | | | | | | parallel to mutex_{lock,unlock,trylock,is_locked,lock_nested}, inode_foo(inode) being mutex_foo(&inode->i_mutex). Please, use those for access to ->i_mutex; over the coming cycle ->i_mutex will become rwsem, with ->lookup() done with it held only shared. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* Merge tag 'gfs2-merge-window' of ↵Linus Torvalds2016-01-121-25/+23
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2 Pull GFS2 updates from Bob Peterson: "Here is a list of patches we've accumulated for GFS2 for the current upstream merge window. Last window's set was short, but I warned that this one would be bigger, and so it is. We've got 19 patches: - A patch from Abhi Das to propagate the GFS2_DIF_SYSTEM bit so that newly added journals don't get flagged, deleted, and recreated by fsck.gfs2. - Two patches from Andreas Gruenbacher to improve GFS2 performance where extended attributes are involved. - A patch from Andy Price to fix a suspicious rcu dereference error. - Two patches from Ben Marzinski that rework how GFS2's NFS cookies are managed. This fixes readdir problems with nfs-over-gfs2. - A patch from Ben Marzinski that fixes a race in unmounting GFS2. - A set of four patches from me to move the resource group reservations inside the gfs2 inode to improve performance and fix a bug whereby get_write_access improperly prevented some operations like chown. - A patch from me to spinlock-protect the setting of system statfs file data. This was causing small discrepancies between df and du. - A patch from me to reintroduce a timeout while clearing glocks which was accidentally dropped some time ago. - A patch from me to wait for iopen glock dequeues in order to improve deleting of files that were unlinked from a different cluster node. - A patch from me to ensure metadata address spaces get truncated when an inode is evicted. - A patch from me to fix a bug in which a memory leak could occur in some error cases when inodes were trying to be created. - A patch to consistently use iopen glocks to transition from the unlinked state to the deleted state. - A patch to fix a glock reference count error when inode creation fails. - A patch from Junxiao Bi to fix an flock panic. - A patch from Markus Elfring that removes an unnecessary if" * tag 'gfs2-merge-window' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2: gfs2: fix flock panic issue GFS2: Don't do glock put on when inode creation fails GFS2: Always use iopen glock for gl_deletes GFS2: Release iopen glock in gfs2_create_inode error cases GFS2: Truncate address space mapping when deleting an inode GFS2: Wait for iopen glock dequeues gfs2: clear journal live bit in gfs2_log_flush gfs2: change gfs2 readdir cookie gfs2: keep offset when splitting dir leaf blocks GFS2: Reintroduce a timeout in function gfs2_gl_hash_clear GFS2: Update master statfs buffer with sd_statfs_spin locked GFS2: Reduce size of incore inode GFS2: Make rgrp reservations part of the gfs2_inode structure GFS2: Extract quota data from reservations structure (revert 5407e24) gfs2: Extended attribute readahead optimization gfs2: Extended attribute readahead GFS2: Use rht_for_each_entry_rcu in glock_hash_walk GFS2: Delete an unnecessary check before the function call "iput" gfs2: Automatically set GFS2_DIF_SYSTEM flag on system files
| * GFS2: Don't do glock put on when inode creation failsBob Peterson2015-12-181-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently the error path of function gfs2_inode_lookup calls function gfs2_glock_put corresponding to an earlier call to gfs2_glock_get for the inode glock. That's wrong because the error path also calls iget_failed() which eventually calls iput, which eventually calls gfs2_evict_inode, which does another gfs2_glock_put. This double-put can cause the glock reference count to get off. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
| * GFS2: Release iopen glock in gfs2_create_inode error casesBob Peterson2015-12-181-9/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Some error cases in gfs2_create_inode were not unlocking the iopen glock, getting the reference count off. This adds the proper unlock. The error logic in function gfs2_create_inode was also convoluted, so this patch simplifies it. It also takes care of a bug in which gfs2_qa_delete() was not called in an error case. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
| * GFS2: Wait for iopen glock dequeuesBob Peterson2015-12-181-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch changes every glock_dq for iopen glocks into a dq_wait. This makes sure that iopen glocks do not outlive the inode itself. In turn, that ensures that anyone trying to unlink the glock will be able to find the inode when it receives a remote iopen callback. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com> Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
| * GFS2: Make rgrp reservations part of the gfs2_inode structureBob Peterson2015-12-141-5/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Before this patch, multi-block reservation structures were allocated from a special slab. This patch folds the structure into the gfs2_inode structure. The disadvantage is that the gfs2_inode needs more memory, even when a file is opened read-only. The advantages are: (a) we don't need the special slab and the extra time it takes to allocate and deallocate from it. (b) we no longer need to worry that the structure exists for things like quota management. (c) This also allows us to remove the calls to get_write_access and put_write_access since we know the structure will exist. Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>