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* timekeeping: Add raw clock fallback for random_get_entropy()Jason A. Donenfeld2022-05-131-0/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The addition of random_get_entropy_fallback() provides access to whichever time source has the highest frequency, which is useful for gathering entropy on platforms without available cycle counters. It's not necessarily as good as being able to quickly access a cycle counter that the CPU has, but it's still something, even when it falls back to being jiffies-based. In the event that a given arch does not define get_cycles(), falling back to the get_cycles() default implementation that returns 0 is really not the best we can do. Instead, at least calling random_get_entropy_fallback() would be preferable, because that always needs to return _something_, even falling back to jiffies eventually. It's not as though random_get_entropy_fallback() is super high precision or guaranteed to be entropic, but basically anything that's not zero all the time is better than returning zero all the time. Finally, since random_get_entropy_fallback() is used during extremely early boot when randomizing freelists in mm_init(), it can be called before timekeeping has been initialized. In that case there really is nothing we can do; jiffies hasn't even started ticking yet. So just give up and return 0. Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
* random: make random_get_entropy() return an unsigned longJason A. Donenfeld2022-04-131-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Some implementations were returning type `unsigned long`, while others that fell back to get_cycles() were implicitly returning a `cycles_t` or an untyped constant int literal. That makes for weird and confusing code, and basically all code in the kernel already handled it like it was an `unsigned long`. I recently tried to handle it as the largest type it could be, a `cycles_t`, but doing so doesn't really help with much. Instead let's just make random_get_entropy() return an unsigned long all the time. This also matches the commonly used `arch_get_random_long()` function, so now RDRAND and RDTSC return the same sized integer, which means one can fallback to the other more gracefully. Cc: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net> Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu> Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
* timekeeping, clocksource: Fix various typos in commentsIngo Molnar2021-03-221-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | Fix ~56 single-word typos in timekeeping & clocksource code comments. Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org> Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org> Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
* ntp: Make the RTC synchronization more reliableThomas Gleixner2020-12-111-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Miroslav reported that the periodic RTC synchronization in the NTP code fails more often than not to hit the specified update window. The reason is that the code uses delayed_work to schedule the update which needs to be in thread context as the underlying RTC might be connected via a slow bus, e.g. I2C. In the update function it verifies whether the current time is correct vs. the requirements of the underlying RTC. But delayed_work is using the timer wheel for scheduling which is inaccurate by design. Depending on the distance to the expiry the wheel gets less granular to allow batching and to avoid the cascading of the original timer wheel. See 500462a9de65 ("timers: Switch to a non-cascading wheel") and the code for further details. The code already deals with this by splitting the 660 seconds period into a long 659 seconds timer and then retrying with a smaller delta. But looking at the actual granularities of the timer wheel (which depend on the HZ configuration) the 659 seconds timer ends up in an outer wheel level and is affected by a worst case granularity of: HZ Granularity 1000 32s 250 16s 100 40s So the initial timer can be already off by max 12.5% which is not a big issue as the period of the sync is defined as ~11 minutes. The fine grained second attempt schedules to the desired update point with a timer expiring less than a second from now. Depending on the actual delta and the HZ setting even the second attempt can end up in outer wheel levels which have a large enough granularity to make the correctness check fail. As this is a fundamental property of the timer wheel there is no way to make this more accurate short of iterating in one jiffies steps towards the update point. Switch it to an hrtimer instead which schedules the actual update work. The hrtimer will expire precisely (max 1 jiffie delay when high resolution timers are not available). The actual scheduling delay of the work is the same as before. The update is triggered from do_adjtimex() which is a bit racy but not much more racy than it was before: if (ntp_synced()) queue_delayed_work(system_power_efficient_wq, &sync_work, 0); which is racy when the work is currently executed and has not managed to reschedule itself. This becomes now: if (ntp_synced() && !hrtimer_is_queued(&sync_hrtimer)) queue_work(system_power_efficient_wq, &sync_work, 0); which is racy when the hrtimer has expired and the work is currently executed and has not yet managed to rearm the hrtimer. Not a big problem as it just schedules work for nothing. The new implementation has a safe guard in place to catch the case where the hrtimer is queued on entry to the work function and avoids an extra update attempt of the RTC that way. Reported-by: Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Tested-by: Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com> Acked-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201206220542.062910520@linutronix.de
* y2038: remove struct definition redirectsArnd Bergmann2019-02-071-7/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | We now use 64-bit time_t on all architectures, so the __kernel_timex, __kernel_timeval and __kernel_timespec redirects can be removed after having served their purpose. This makes it all much less confusing, as the __kernel_* types now always refer to the same layout based on 64-bit time_t across all 32-bit and 64-bit architectures. Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
* timex: use __kernel_timex internallyDeepa Dinamani2019-02-071-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | struct timex is not y2038 safe. Replace all uses of timex with y2038 safe __kernel_timex. Note that struct __kernel_timex is an ABI interface definition. We could define a new structure based on __kernel_timex that is only available internally instead. Right now, there isn't a strong motivation for this as the structure is isolated to a few defined struct timex interfaces and such a structure would be exactly the same as struct timex. The patch was generated by the following coccinelle script: virtual patch @depends on patch forall@ identifier ts; expression e; @@ ( - struct timex ts; + struct __kernel_timex ts; | - struct timex ts = {}; + struct __kernel_timex ts = {}; | - struct timex ts = e; + struct __kernel_timex ts = e; | - struct timex *ts; + struct __kernel_timex *ts; | (memset \| copy_from_user \| copy_to_user \)(..., - sizeof(struct timex)) + sizeof(struct __kernel_timex)) ) @depends on patch forall@ identifier ts; identifier fn; @@ fn(..., - struct timex *ts, + struct __kernel_timex *ts, ...) { ... } @depends on patch forall@ identifier ts; identifier fn; @@ fn(..., - struct timex *ts) { + struct __kernel_timex *ts) { ... } Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com> Cc: linux-alpha@vger.kernel.org Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
* sparc64: add custom adjtimex/clock_adjtime functionsArnd Bergmann2019-02-071-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | sparc64 is the only architecture on Linux that has a 'timeval' definition with a 32-bit tv_usec but a 64-bit tv_sec. This causes problems for sparc32 compat mode when we convert it to use the new __kernel_timex type that has the same layout as all other 64-bit architectures. To avoid adding sparc64 specific code into the generic adjtimex implementation, this adds a wrapper in the sparc64 system call handling that converts the sparc64 'timex' into the new '__kernel_timex'. At this point, the two structures are defined to be identical, but that will change in the next step once we convert sparc32. Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
* time: Add struct __kernel_timexDeepa Dinamani2019-02-071-0/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | struct timex uses struct timeval internally. struct timeval is not y2038 safe. Introduce a new UAPI type struct __kernel_timex that is y2038 safe. struct __kernel_timex uses a timeval type that is similar to struct __kernel_timespec which preserves the same structure size across 32 bit and 64 bit ABIs. struct __kernel_timex also restructures other members of the structure to make the structure the same on 64 bit and 32 bit architectures. Note that struct __kernel_timex is the same as struct timex on a 64 bit architecture. The above solution is similar to other new y2038 syscalls that are being introduced: both 32 bit and 64 bit ABIs have a common entry, and the compat entry supports the old 32 bit syscall interface. Alternatives considered were: 1. Add new time type to struct timex that makes use of padded bits. This time type could be based on the struct __kernel_timespec. modes will use a flag to notify which time structure should be used internally. This needs some application level changes on both 64 bit and 32 bit architectures. Although 64 bit machines could continue to use the older timeval structure without any changes. 2. Add a new u8 type to struct timex that makes use of padded bits. This can be used to save higher order tv_sec bits. modes will use a flag to notify presence of such a type. This will need some application level changes on 32 bit architectures. 3. Add a new compat_timex structure that differs in only the size of the time type; keep rest of struct timex the same. This requires extra syscalls to manage all 3 cases on 64 bit architectures. This will not need any application level changes but will add more complexity from kernel side. Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
* ntp/pps: use timespec64 for hardpps()Arnd Bergmann2015-10-011-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There is only one user of the hardpps function in the kernel, so it makes sense to atomically change it over to using 64-bit timestamps for y2038 safety. In the hardpps implementation, we also need to change the pps_normtime structure, which is similar to struct timespec and also requires a 64-bit seconds portion. This introduces two temporary variables in pps_kc_event() to do the conversion, they will be removed again in the next step, which seemed preferable to having a larger patch changing it all at the same time. Acked-by: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com> Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
* Merge tag 'random_for_linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds2013-10-101-0/+14
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random Pull /dev/random changes from Ted Ts'o: "These patches are designed to enable improvements to /dev/random for non-x86 platforms, in particular MIPS and ARM" * tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random: random: allow architectures to optionally define random_get_entropy() random: run random_int_secret_init() run after all late_initcalls
| * random: allow architectures to optionally define random_get_entropy()Theodore Ts'o2013-10-101-0/+14
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Allow architectures which have a disabled get_cycles() function to provide a random_get_entropy() function which provides a fine-grained, rapidly changing counter that can be used by the /dev/random driver. For example, an architecture might have a rapidly changing register used to control random TLB cache eviction, or DRAM refresh that doesn't meet the requirements of get_cycles(), but which is good enough for the needs of the random driver. Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
* | timekeeping: Fix HRTICK related deadlock from ntp lock changesJohn Stultz2013-09-121-0/+1
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Gerlando Falauto reported that when HRTICK is enabled, it is possible to trigger system deadlocks. These were hard to reproduce, as HRTICK has been broken in the past, but seemed to be connected to the timekeeping_seq lock. Since seqlock/seqcount's aren't supported w/ lockdep, I added some extra spinlock based locking and triggered the following lockdep output: [ 15.849182] ntpd/4062 is trying to acquire lock: [ 15.849765] (&(&pool->lock)->rlock){..-...}, at: [<ffffffff810aa9b5>] __queue_work+0x145/0x480 [ 15.850051] [ 15.850051] but task is already holding lock: [ 15.850051] (timekeeper_lock){-.-.-.}, at: [<ffffffff810df6df>] do_adjtimex+0x7f/0x100 <snip> [ 15.850051] Chain exists of: &(&pool->lock)->rlock --> &p->pi_lock --> timekeeper_lock [ 15.850051] Possible unsafe locking scenario: [ 15.850051] [ 15.850051] CPU0 CPU1 [ 15.850051] ---- ---- [ 15.850051] lock(timekeeper_lock); [ 15.850051] lock(&p->pi_lock); [ 15.850051] lock(timekeeper_lock); [ 15.850051] lock(&(&pool->lock)->rlock); [ 15.850051] [ 15.850051] *** DEADLOCK *** The deadlock was introduced by 06c017fdd4dc48451a ("timekeeping: Hold timekeepering locks in do_adjtimex and hardpps") in 3.10 This patch avoids this deadlock, by moving the call to schedule_delayed_work() outside of the timekeeper lock critical section. Reported-by: Gerlando Falauto <gerlando.falauto@keymile.com> Tested-by: Lin Ming <minggr@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com> Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> #3.11, 3.10 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1378943457-27314-1-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.org Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
* ntp: Move do_adjtimex() and hardpps() functions to timekeeping.cJohn Stultz2013-04-041-7/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In preparation for changing the ntp locking rules, move do_adjtimex and hardpps accessor functions to timekeeping.c, but keep the code logic in ntp.c. This patch also introduces a ntp_internal.h file so timekeeping specific interfaces of ntp.c can be more limitedly shared with timekeeping.c. Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com> Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
* UAPI: (Scripted) Disintegrate include/linuxDavid Howells2012-10-131-112/+1
| | | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
* time/jiffies: Rename ACTHZ to SHIFTED_HZJohn Stultz2012-07-311-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | Ingo noted that ACTHZ is a confusing name, and requested it be renamed, so this patch renames ACTHZ to SHIFTED_HZ to better describe it. Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1343414893-45779-3-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.org Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
* ntp: Fix leap-second hrtimer livelockJohn Stultz2012-03-221-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Since commit 7dffa3c673fbcf835cd7be80bb4aec8ad3f51168 the ntp subsystem has used an hrtimer for triggering the leapsecond adjustment. However, this can cause a potential livelock. Thomas diagnosed this as the following pattern: CPU 0 CPU 1 do_adjtimex() spin_lock_irq(&ntp_lock); process_adjtimex_modes(); timer_interrupt() process_adj_status(); do_timer() ntp_start_leap_timer(); write_lock(&xtime_lock); hrtimer_start(); update_wall_time(); hrtimer_reprogram(); ntp_tick_length() tick_program_event() spin_lock(&ntp_lock); clockevents_program_event() ktime_get() seq = req_seqbegin(xtime_lock); This patch tries to avoid the problem by reverting back to not using an hrtimer to inject leapseconds, and instead we handle the leapsecond processing in the second_overflow() function. The downside to this change is that on systems that support highres timers, the leap second processing will occur on a HZ tick boundary, (ie: ~1-10ms, depending on HZ) after the leap second instead of possibly sooner (~34us in my tests w/ x86_64 lapic). This patch applies on top of tip/timers/core. CC: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com> CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reported-by: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com> Diagnoised-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Tested-by: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
* ntp: Access tick_length variable via ntp_tick_length()John Stultz2012-01-261-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | Currently the NTP managed tick_length value is accessed globally, in preparations for locking cleanups, make sure it is accessed via a function and mark it as static. CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> CC: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> CC: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
* ntp: Cleanup timex.hJohn Stultz2012-01-261-15/+0
| | | | | | | | | | Move ntp_sycned to ntp.c and mark time_status as static. Also yank function declaration for non-existant function. CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> CC: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> CC: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
* ntp: Add ADJ_SETOFFSET mode bitRichard Cochran2011-02-021-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | This patch adds a new mode bit into the timex structure. When set, the bit instructs the kernel to add the given time value to the current time. Signed-off-by: Richard Cochran <richard.cochran@omicron.at> Acked-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> LKML-Reference: <20110201134320.688829863@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* ntp: add hardpps implementationAlexander Gordeev2011-01-131-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit adds hardpps() implementation based upon the original one from the NTPv4 reference kernel code from David Mills. However, it is highly optimized towards very fast syncronization and maximum stickness to PPS signal. The typical error is less then a microsecond. To make it sync faster I had to throw away exponential phase filter so that the full phase offset is corrected immediately. Then I also had to throw away median phase filter because it gives a bigger error itself if used without exponential filter. Maybe we will find an appropriate filtering scheme in the future but it's not necessary if the signal quality is ok. Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <lasaine@lvk.cs.msu.su> Acked-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@enneenne.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ntp: Remove tickadjJohn Stultz2010-03-231-4/+0
| | | | | | | | There are zero users of tickadj. So remove it. Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> LKML-Reference: <1268968769-19209-2-git-send-email-johnstul@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* ntp: Make time_adjust staticJohn Stultz2010-03-231-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | Now that no arches are accessing time_adjust directly, make it static. Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> LKML-Reference: <1268968769-19209-1-git-send-email-johnstul@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* ntp: Make time_esterror and time_maxerror staticjohn stultz2010-01-291-3/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | Make time_esterror and time_maxerror static as no one uses them outside of ntp.c Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: richard@rsk.demon.co.uk LKML-Reference: <1264719761.3437.47.camel@localhost.localdomain> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
*-. Merge branches 'timers-for-linus-ntp' and 'irq-core-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds2009-12-081-1/+4
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip * 'timers-for-linus-ntp' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: ntp: Provide compability defines (You say MOD_NANO, I say ADJ_NANO) * 'irq-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: genirq: do not execute DEBUG_SHIRQ when irq setup failed
| * | ntp: Provide compability defines (You say MOD_NANO, I say ADJ_NANO)john stultz2009-08-281-1/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | MOD_NANO, ADJ_NANO, MOD_NANO, ADJ_NANO! Lets call the whole thing off! But oh! If we call the whole thing off, Then we must part. And oh! If we ever part, Then that might break my heart^H^H^H^Hclock! So, if you like MOD_NANO and I like ADJ_NANO, I'll include MOD_NANO and give up ADJ_NANO (not really!). For we know we need each other, So we better call the calling off off. Let's call the whole thing off! The tumultuous NTP and Linux relationship has hit another snag: Ends up NTPd still uses the "xntp 3.4 compatability names" and when the STA_NANO value was added (along with ADJ_NANO), NTPd expected MOD_NANO to be added and has apparently hit some build errors. Report to ntp hackers: https://lists.ntp.org/pipermail/hackers/2009-August/004455.html Related Bugs: https://support.ntp.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=1219 https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=505566 So in an effort to make peace, here's a patch to help get things building again. I also have updated the comment to make sure folks don't think the MOD_* values are just legacy constants. Of course, NTPd really uses the glibc-headers, so those will need to be similarly updated before things are working again (the RH bug above should probably cover that). Thanks to Michael Tatarinov and Hal Murray for finding and reporting the issue! Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com> Cc: hmurray@megapathdsl.net Cc: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com> Cc: Michael Tatarinov <kukabu@gmail.com> LKML-Reference: <1251417882.7905.42.camel@localhost.localdomain> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* | | time: Implement logarithmic time accumulationjohn stultz2009-10-051-4/+0
|/ / | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Accumulating one tick at a time works well unless we're using NOHZ. Then it can be an issue, since we may have to run through the loop a few thousand times, which can increase timer interrupt caused latency. The current solution was to accumulate in half-second intervals with NOHZ. This kept the number of loops down, however it did slightly change how we make NTP adjustments. While not an issue with NTPd users, as NTPd makes adjustments over a longer period of time, other adjtimex() users have noticed the half-second granularity with which we can apply frequency changes to the clock. For instance, if a application tries to apply a 100ppm frequency correction for 20ms to correct a 2us offset, with NOHZ they either get no correction, or a 50us correction. Now, there will always be some granularity error for applying frequency corrections. However with users sensitive to this error have seen a 50-500x increase with NOHZ compared to running without NOHZ. So I figured I'd try another approach then just simply increasing the interval. My approach is to consume the time interval logarithmically. This reduces the number of times through the loop needed keeping latency down, while still preserving the original granularity error for adjtimex() changes. Further, this change allows us to remove the xtime_cache code (patch to follow), as xtime is always within one tick of the current time, instead of the half-second updates it saw before. An earlier version of this patch has been shipping to x86 users in the RedHat MRG releases for awhile without issue, but I've reworked this version to be even more careful about avoiding possible overflows if the shift value gets too large. Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com> Cc: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> LKML-Reference: <1254525473.7741.88.camel@localhost.localdomain> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* | time: move PIT_TICK_RATE to linux/timex.hArnd Bergmann2009-06-161-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | PIT_TICK_RATE is currently defined in four architectures, but in three different places. While linux/timex.h is not the perfect place for it, it is still a reasonable replacement for those drivers that traditionally use asm/timex.h to get CLOCK_TICK_RATE and expect it to be the PIT frequency. Note that for Alpha, the actual value changed from 1193182UL to 1193180UL. This is unlikely to make a difference, and probably can only improve accuracy. There was a discussion on the correct value of CLOCK_TICK_RATE a few years ago, after which every existing instance was getting changed to 1193182. According to the specification, it should be 1193181.818181... Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru> Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | ntp: fix comment typosjohn stultz2009-05-121-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bernhard Schiffner noticed I had a few comment typos in this patch, (note: to save embarrassment, when making typos, avoid copying and pasting them) so this patch corrects them. [ Impact: cleanup ] Reported-by: Bernhard Schiffner <bernhard@schiffner-limbach.de> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: riel@redhat.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org LKML-Reference: <1242090794.7214.131.camel@localhost.localdomain> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* | ntp: adjust SHIFT_PLL to improve NTP convergencejohn stultz2009-05-061-11/+31
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The conversion to the ntpv4 reference model f19923937321244e7dc334767eb4b67e0e3d5c74 ("ntp: convert to the NTP4 reference model") in 2.6.19 added nanosecond resolution the adjtimex interface, but also changed the "stiffness" of the frequency adjustments, causing NTP convergence time to greatly increase. SHIFT_PLL, which reduces the stiffness of the freq adjustments, was designed to be inversely linked to HZ, and the reference value of 4 was designed for Unix systems using HZ=100. However Linux's clock steering code mostly independent of HZ. So this patch reduces the SHIFT_PLL value from 4 to 2, which causes NTPd behavior to match kernels prior to 2.6.19, greatly reducing convergence times, and improving close synchronization through environmental thermal changes. The patch also changes some l's to L's in nearby code to avoid misreading 50l as 501. [ Impact: tweak NTP algorithm for faster convergence ] Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: zippel@linux-m68k.org Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> LKML-Reference: <200905051956.n45JuVo9025575@imap1.linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* time: ntp: make 64-bit constants more robustIngo Molnar2009-02-251-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: cleanup, no functionality changed - make PPM_SCALE an explicit s64 constant, to remove (s64) casts from usage sites. kernel/time/ntp.o: text data bss dec hex filename 2536 114 136 2786 ae2 ntp.o.before 2536 114 136 2786 ae2 ntp.o.after md5: 40a7728d1188aa18e83e21a81fa7b150 ntp.o.before.asm 40a7728d1188aa18e83e21a81fa7b150 ntp.o.after.asm Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* linux/timex.h: cleanup for userspaceMike Frysinger2008-12-121-36/+37
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: fix user-space exported use Move all the kernel-specific defines and includes into the __KERNEL__ section so that they don't get leaked into userspace. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* ntp: improve adjtimex frequency roundingRoman Zippel2008-09-241-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Change PPM_SCALE_INV_SHIFT so that it doesn't throw away any input bits (19 is the amount of the factor 2 in PPM_SCALE), the output frequency can then be calculated back to its input value, as the inverse divide produce a slightly larger value, which is then correctly rounded by the final shift. Reported-by: Martin Ziegler <ziegler@uni-freiburg.de> Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* ntp: fix ADJ_OFFSET_SS_READ bug and do_adjtimex() cleanupRoman Zippel2008-08-221-1/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Thanks to the review by Michael Kerrisk a bug in the recent ADJ_OFFSET_SS_READ option was discovered, where the ntp time_offset was inadvertently set by it. This fixes this by making the adjtime code more separate from the ntp_adjtime code (both of which really want to be separate syscalls). Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* ntp: handle leap second via timerRoman Zippel2008-05-011-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove the leap second handling from second_overflow(), which doesn't have to check for it every second anymore. With CONFIG_NO_HZ this also makes sure the leap second is handled close to the full second. Additionally this makes it possible to abort a leap second properly by resetting the STA_INS/STA_DEL status bits. Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ntp: remove current_tick_length()Roman Zippel2008-05-011-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | current_tick_length used to do a little more, but now it just returns tick_length, which we can also access directly at the few places, where it's needed. Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ntp: rename TICK_LENGTH_SHIFT to NTP_SCALE_SHIFTRoman Zippel2008-05-011-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | As TICK_LENGTH_SHIFT is used for more than just the tick length, the name isn't quite approriate anymore, so this renames it to NTP_SCALE_SHIFT. Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ntp: support for TAIRoman Zippel2008-05-011-1/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | This adds support for setting the TAI value (International Atomic Time). The value is reported back to userspace via timex (as we don't have a ntp_gettime() syscall). Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ntp: increase time_offset resolutionRoman Zippel2008-05-011-7/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | time_offset is already a 64bit value but its resolution barely used, so this makes better use of it by replacing SHIFT_UPDATE with TICK_LENGTH_SHIFT. Side note: the SHIFT_HZ in SHIFT_UPDATE was incorrect for CONFIG_NO_HZ and the primary reason for changing time_offset to 64bit to avoid the overflow. Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ntp: increase time_freq resolutionRoman Zippel2008-05-011-5/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This changes time_freq to a 64bit value and makes it static (the only outside user had no real need to modify it). Intermediate values were already 64bit, so the change isn't that big, but it saves a little in shifts by replacing SHIFT_NSEC with TICK_LENGTH_SHIFT. PPM_SCALE is then used to convert between user space and kernel space representation. Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ntp: NTP4 user space bits updateRoman Zippel2008-05-011-3/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This adds a few more things from the ntp nanokernel related to user space. It's now possible to select the resolution used of some values via STA_NANO and the kernel reports in which mode it works (pll/fll). If some values for adjtimex() are outside the acceptable range, they are now simply normalized instead of letting the syscall fail. I removed MOD_CLKA/MOD_CLKB as the mapping didn't really makes any sense, the kernel doesn't support setting the clock. Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* time: remove obsolete CLOCK_TICK_ADJUSTRoman Zippel2008-03-091-8/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The first version of the ntp_interval/tick_length inconsistent usage patch was recently merged as bbe4d18ac2e058c56adb0cd71f49d9ed3216a405 http://git.kernel.org/gitweb.cgi?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=bbe4d18ac2e058c56adb0cd71f49d9ed3216a405 While the fix did greatly improve the situation, it was correctly pointed out by Roman that it does have a small bug: If the users change clocksources after the system has been running and NTP has made corrections, the correctoins made against the old clocksource will be applied against the new clocksource, causing error. The second attempt, which corrects the issue in the NTP_INTERVAL_LENGTH definition has also made it up-stream as commit e13a2e61dd5152f5499d2003470acf9c838eab84 http://git.kernel.org/gitweb.cgi?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=e13a2e61dd5152f5499d2003470acf9c838eab84 Roman has correctly pointed out that CLOCK_TICK_ADJUST is calculated based on the PIT's frequency, and isn't really relevant to non-PIT driven clocksources (that is, clocksources other then jiffies and pit). This patch reverts both of those changes, and simply removes CLOCK_TICK_ADJUST. This does remove the granularity error correction for users of PIT and Jiffies clocksource users, but the granularity error but for the majority of users, it should be within the 500ppm range NTP can accommodate for. For systems that have granularity errors greater then 500ppm, the "ntp_tick_adj=" boot option can be used to compensate. [johnstul@us.ibm.com: provided changelog] [mattilinnanvuori@yahoo.com: maek ntp_tick_adj static] Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Acked-by: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Matti Linnanvuori <mattilinnanvuori@yahoo.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: mingo@elte.hu Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* ntp: correct inconsistent interval/tick_length usagejohn stultz2008-02-101-1/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | clocksource initialization and error accumulation. This corrects a 280ppm drift seen on some systems using acpi_pm, and affects other clocksources as well (likely to a lesser degree). Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* read_current_timer() cleanupsAndrew Morton2008-02-061-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - All implementations can be __devinit - The function prototypes were in asm/timex.h but they all must be the same, so create a single declaration in linux/timex.h. - uninline the sparc64 version to match the other architectures - Don't bother #defining ARCH_HAS_READ_CURRENT_TIMER to a particular value. [ezk@cs.sunysb.edu: fix build] Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@atmel.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* time: add ADJ_OFFSET_SS_READJohn Stultz2007-11-261-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Michael Kerrisk reported that a long standing bug in the adjtimex() system call causes glibc's adjtime(3) function to deliver the wrong results if 'delta' is NULL. add the ADJ_OFFSET_SS_READ API detail, which will be used by glibc to fix this API compatibility bug. Also see: http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761 [ mingo@elte.hu: added patch description and made it backwards compatible ] NOTE: the new flag is defined 0xa001 so that it returns -EINVAL on older kernels - this way glibc can use it safely. Suggested by Ulrich Drepper. Acked-by: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* [IA64] remove time interpolatorBob Picco2007-07-201-60/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | Remove time_interpolator code (This is generic code, but only user was ia64. It has been superseded by the CONFIG_GENERIC_TIME code). Signed-off-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@hp.com> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Keilty <peter.keilty@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
* [PATCH] HZ free ntpjohn stultz2007-02-161-0/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | Distangle the NTP update from HZ. This is necessary for dynamic tick enabled kernels. Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] use cycle_t instead of u64 in struct time_interpolatorHelge Deller2007-02-111-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The 32bit and 64bit PARISC Linux kernels suffers from the problem, that the gettimeofday() call sometimes returns non-monotonic times. The easiest way to fix this, is to drop the PARISC-specific implementation and switch over to the generic TIME_INTERPOLATION framework. But in order to make it even compile on 32bit PARISC, the patch below which touches the generic Linux code, is mandatory. More information and the full patch with the parisc-specific changes is included in this thread: http://lists.parisc-linux.org/pipermail/parisc-linux/2006-December/031003.html As far as I could see, this patch does not change anything for the existing architectures which use this framework (IA64 and SPARC64), since "cycles_t" is defined there as unsigned 64bit-integer anyway (which then makes this patch a no-change for them). Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] provide tickadj defineRoman Zippel2006-10-061-0/+3
| | | | | | | | Provide a tickadj compatibility define for archs still using it. Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] kernel/time/ntp.c: possible cleanupsAdrian Bunk2006-10-011-6/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch contains the following possible cleanups: - make the following needlessly global function static: - ntp_update_frequency() - make the following needlessly global variables static: - time_state - time_offset - time_constant - time_reftime - remove the following read-only global variable: - time_precision Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] ntp: cleanup defines and commentsRoman Zippel2006-10-011-10/+3
| | | | | | | | | Remove a few unused defines and remove obsolete information from comments. Signed-off-by: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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