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path: root/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
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* rcu: fix _oddness handling of verbose stall warningsPaul E. McKenney2010-09-021-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_VERBOSE depends on CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU, but rcu_bootup_announce_oddness() complains if CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_VERBOSE is not set even in the case of CONFIG_TREE_RCU. This commit therefore fixes rcu_bootup_announce_oddness() to avoid insisting on impossibilities. Reported-by: Guy Martin <gmsoft@tuxicoman.be> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: apply TINY_PREEMPT_RCU read-side speedup to TREE_PREEMPT_RCUPaul E. McKenney2010-08-201-2/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | Replace one of the ACCESS_ONCE() calls in each of __rcu_read_lock() and __rcu_read_unlock() with barrier() as suggested by Steve Rostedt in order to avoid the potential compiler-optimization-induced bug noted by Mathieu Desnoyers. Located-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca> Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: combine duplicate code, courtesy of CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCUPaul E. McKenney2010-08-201-9/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | The CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU kernel configuration parameter was recently re-introduced, but as an indication of the type of RCU (preemptible vs. non-preemptible) instead of as selecting a given implementation. This commit uses CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU to combine duplicate code from include/linux/rcutiny.h and include/linux/rcutree.h into include/linux/rcupdate.h. This commit also combines a few other pieces of duplicate code that have accumulated. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: permit suppressing current grace period's CPU stall warningsPaul E. McKenney2010-08-201-0/+18
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When using a kernel debugger, a long sojourn in the debugger can get you lots of RCU CPU stall warnings once you resume. This might not be helpful, especially if you are using the system console. This patch therefore allows RCU CPU stall warnings to be suppressed, but only for the duration of the current set of grace periods. This differs from Jason's original patch in that it adds support for tiny RCU and preemptible RCU, and uses a slightly different method for suppressing the RCU CPU stall warning messages. Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
* rcu: improve kerneldoc for rcu_read_lock(), call_rcu(), and synchronize_rcu()Paul E. McKenney2010-08-191-3/+5
| | | | | | | | | Make it explicit that new RCU read-side critical sections that start after call_rcu() and synchronize_rcu() start might still be running after the end of the relevant grace period. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
* rcu: simplify the usage of percpu dataLai Jiangshan2010-08-191-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | &percpu_data is compatible with allocated percpu data. And we use it and remove the "->rda[NR_CPUS]" array, saving significant storage on systems with large numbers of CPUs. This does add an additional level of indirection and thus an additional cache line referenced, but because ->rda is not used on the read side, this is OK. Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
* rcu: remove all rcu head initializations, except on_stack initializationsPaul E. McKenney2010-05-111-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | Remove all rcu head inits. We don't care about the RCU head state before passing it to call_rcu() anyway. Only leave the "on_stack" variants so debugobjects can keep track of objects on stack. Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: fix build bug in RCU_FAST_NO_HZ buildsPaul E. McKenney2010-05-101-2/+2
| | | | Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: RCU_FAST_NO_HZ must check RCU dyntick statePaul E. McKenney2010-05-101-2/+10
| | | | | | | | | | The current version of RCU_FAST_NO_HZ reproduces the old CLASSIC_RCU dyntick-idle bug, as it fails to detect CPUs that have interrupted or NMIed out of dyntick-idle mode. Fix this by making rcu_needs_cpu() check the state in the per-CPU rcu_dynticks variables, thus correctly detecting the dyntick-idle state from an RCU perspective. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: print boot-time console messages if RCU configs out of ordinaryPaul E. McKenney2010-05-101-2/+42
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Print boot-time messages if tracing is enabled, if fanout is set to non-default values, if exact fanout is specified, if accelerated dyntick-idle grace periods have been enabled, if RCU-lockdep is enabled, if rcutorture has been boot-time enabled, if the CPU stall detector has been disabled, or if four-level hierarchy has been enabled. This is all for TREE_RCU and TREE_PREEMPT_RCU. TINY_RCU will be handled separately, if at all. Suggested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: refactor RCU's context-switch handlingPaul E. McKenney2010-05-101-4/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The addition of preemptible RCU to treercu resulted in a bit of confusion and inefficiency surrounding the handling of context switches for RCU-sched and for RCU-preempt. For RCU-sched, a context switch is a quiescent state, pure and simple, just like it always has been. For RCU-preempt, a context switch is in no way a quiescent state, but special handling is required when a task blocks in an RCU read-side critical section. However, the callout from the scheduler and the outer loop in ksoftirqd still calls something named rcu_sched_qs(), whose name is no longer accurate. Furthermore, when rcu_check_callbacks() notes an RCU-sched quiescent state, it ends up unnecessarily (though harmlessly, aside from the performance hit) enqueuing the current task if it happens to be running in an RCU-preempt read-side critical section. This not only increases the maximum latency of scheduler_tick(), it also needlessly increases the overhead of the next outermost rcu_read_unlock() invocation. This patch addresses this situation by separating the notion of RCU's context-switch handling from that of RCU-sched's quiescent states. The context-switch handling is covered by rcu_note_context_switch() in general and by rcu_preempt_note_context_switch() for preemptible RCU. This permits rcu_sched_qs() to handle quiescent states and only quiescent states. It also reduces the maximum latency of scheduler_tick(), though probably by much less than a microsecond. Finally, it means that tasks within preemptible-RCU read-side critical sections avoid incurring the overhead of queuing unless there really is a context switch. Suggested-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
* rcu: ignore offline CPUs in last non-dyntick-idle CPU checkLai Jiangshan2010-05-101-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | Offline CPUs are not in nohz_cpu_mask, but can be ignored when checking for the last non-dyntick-idle CPU. This patch therefore only checks online CPUs for not being dyntick idle, allowing fast entry into full-system dyntick-idle state even when there are some offline CPUs. Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: Fix holdoff for accelerated GPs for last non-dynticked CPUPaul E. McKenney2010-02-281-3/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make the holdoff only happen when the full number of attempts have been made. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1267311188-16603-1-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Fix accelerated GPs for last non-dynticked CPUPaul E. McKenney2010-02-271-1/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch disables irqs across the call to rcu_needs_cpu(). It also enforces a hold-off period so that the idle loop doesn't softirq itself to death when there are lots of RCU callbacks in flight on the last non-dynticked CPU. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1267231138-27856-3-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Fix accelerated grace periods for last non-dynticked CPUPaul E. McKenney2010-02-271-20/+53
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | It is invalid to invoke __rcu_process_callbacks() with irqs disabled, so do it indirectly via raise_softirq(). This requires a state-machine implementation to cycle through the grace-period machinery the required number of times. Located-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1267231138-27856-1-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Add RCU_CPU_STALL_VERBOSE to dump detailed per-task informationPaul E. McKenney2010-02-251-0/+52
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When RCU detects a grace-period stall, it currently just prints out the PID of any tasks doing the stalling. This patch adds RCU_CPU_STALL_VERBOSE, which enables the more-verbose reporting from sched_show_task(). Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1266887105-1528-21-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Fix deadlock in TREE_PREEMPT_RCU CPU stall detectionPaul E. McKenney2010-02-251-3/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Under TREE_PREEMPT_RCU, print_other_cpu_stall() invokes rcu_print_task_stall() with the root rcu_node structure's ->lock held, and rcu_print_task_stall() acquires that same lock for self-deadlock. Fix this by removing the lock acquisition from rcu_print_task_stall(), and making all callers acquire the lock instead. Tested-by: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com> Tested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Located-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1266887105-1528-19-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Convert to raw_spinlocksPaul E. McKenney2010-02-251-23/+23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The spinlocks in rcutree need to be real spinlocks in preempt-rt. Convert them to raw_spinlocks. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1266887105-1528-18-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Accelerate grace period if last non-dynticked CPUPaul E. McKenney2010-02-251-0/+69
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently, rcu_needs_cpu() simply checks whether the current CPU has an outstanding RCU callback, which means that the last CPU to go into dyntick-idle mode might wait a few ticks for the relevant grace periods to complete. However, if all the other CPUs are in dyntick-idle mode, and if this CPU is in a quiescent state (which it is for RCU-bh and RCU-sched any time that we are considering going into dyntick-idle mode), then the grace period is instantly complete. This patch therefore repeatedly invokes the RCU grace-period machinery in order to force any needed grace periods to complete quickly. It does so a limited number of times in order to prevent starvation by an RCU callback function that might pass itself to call_rcu(). However, if any CPU other than the current one is not in dyntick-idle mode, fall back to simply checking (with fix to bug noted by Lai Jiangshan). Also, take advantage of last grace-period forcing, the opportunity to do so noted by Steve Rostedt. And apply simplified #ifdef condition suggested by Frederic Weisbecker. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1266887105-1528-15-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Add debug check for too many rcu_read_unlock()Paul E. McKenney2010-01-131-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | TREE_PREEMPT_RCU maintains an rcu_read_lock_nesting counter in the task structure, which happens to be a signed int. So this patch adds a check for this counter being negative at the end of __rcu_read_unlock(). This check is under CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING, so can be thought of as being part of lockdep. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <12626498423064-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Add force_quiescent_state() testing to rcutorturePaul E. McKenney2010-01-131-0/+19
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add force_quiescent_state() testing to rcutorture, with a separate thread that repeatedly invokes force_quiescent_state() in bursts. This can greatly increase the probability of encountering certain types of race conditions. Suggested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1262646551116-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Add expedited grace-period support for preemptible RCUPaul E. McKenney2009-12-031-9/+189
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Implement an synchronize_rcu_expedited() for preemptible RCU that actually is expedited. This uses synchronize_sched_expedited() to force all threads currently running in a preemptible-RCU read-side critical section onto the appropriate ->blocked_tasks[] list, then takes a snapshot of all of these lists and waits for them to drain. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1259784616158-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Rename "quiet" functionsPaul E. McKenney2009-12-031-6/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The number of "quiet" functions has grown recently, and the names are no longer very descriptive. The point of all of these functions is to do some portion of the task of reporting a quiescent state, so rename them accordingly: o cpu_quiet() becomes rcu_report_qs_rdp(), which reports a quiescent state to the per-CPU rcu_data structure. If this turns out to be a new quiescent state for this grace period, then rcu_report_qs_rnp() will be invoked to propagate the quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy. o cpu_quiet_msk() becomes rcu_report_qs_rnp(), which reports a quiescent state for a given CPU (or possibly a set of CPUs) up the rcu_node hierarchy. o cpu_quiet_msk_finish() becomes rcu_report_qs_rsp(), which reports a full set of quiescent states to the global rcu_state structure. o task_quiet() becomes rcu_report_unblock_qs_rnp(), which reports a quiescent state due to a task exiting an RCU read-side critical section that had previously blocked in that same critical section. As indicated by the new name, this type of quiescent state is reported up the rcu_node hierarchy (using rcu_report_qs_rnp() to do so). Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org> Acked-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <12597846163698-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Re-arrange code to reduce #ifdef painPaul E. McKenney2009-11-221-0/+24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove #ifdefs from kernel/rcupdate.c and include/linux/rcupdate.h by moving code to include/linux/rcutiny.h, include/linux/rcutree.h, and kernel/rcutree.c. Also remove some definitions that are no longer used. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1258908830885-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Fix grace-period-stall bug on large systems with CPU hotplugPaul E. McKenney2009-11-221-24/+61
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When the last CPU of a given leaf rcu_node structure goes offline, all of the tasks queued on that leaf rcu_node structure (due to having blocked in their current RCU read-side critical sections) are requeued onto the root rcu_node structure. This requeuing is carried out by rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(). However, it is possible that these queued tasks are the only thing preventing the leaf rcu_node structure from reporting a quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy. Unfortunately, the old code would fail to do this reporting, resulting in a grace-period stall given the following sequence of events: 1. Kernel built for more than 32 CPUs on 32-bit systems or for more than 64 CPUs on 64-bit systems, so that there is more than one rcu_node structure. (Or CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT is artificially set to a number smaller than CONFIG_NR_CPUS.) 2. The kernel is built with CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU. 3. A task running on a CPU associated with a given leaf rcu_node structure blocks while in an RCU read-side critical section -and- that CPU has not yet passed through a quiescent state for the current RCU grace period. This will cause the task to be queued on the leaf rcu_node's blocked_tasks[] array, in particular, on the element of this array corresponding to the current grace period. 4. Each of the remaining CPUs corresponding to this same leaf rcu_node structure pass through a quiescent state. However, the task is still in its RCU read-side critical section, so these quiescent states cannot be reported further up the rcu_node hierarchy. Nevertheless, all bits in the leaf rcu_node structure's ->qsmask field are now zero. 5. Each of the remaining CPUs go offline. (The events in step #4 and #5 can happen in any order as long as each CPU passes through a quiescent state before going offline.) 6. When the last CPU goes offline, __rcu_offline_cpu() will invoke rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(), which will move the task to the root rcu_node structure, but without reporting a quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy (and this failure to report a quiescent state is the bug). But because this leaf rcu_node structure's ->qsmask field is already zero and its ->block_tasks[] entries are all empty, force_quiescent_state() will skip this rcu_node structure. Therefore, grace periods are now hung. This patch abstracts some code out of rcu_read_unlock_special(), calling the result task_quiet() by analogy with cpu_quiet(), and invokes task_quiet() from both rcu_read_lock_special() and __rcu_offline_cpu(). Invoking task_quiet() from __rcu_offline_cpu() reports the quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy, fixing the bug. This ends up requiring a separate lock_class_key per level of the rcu_node hierarchy, which this patch also provides. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <12589088301770-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Mark init-time-only rcu_bootup_announce() as __initPaul E. McKenney2009-11-111-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Because rcu_bootup_announce() is used only at boot time, mark it as __init, presumably so that its memory can be reclaimed. Suggested-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <20091111192806.GA10073@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Simplify association of quiescent states with grace periodsPaul E. McKenney2009-11-101-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The rdp->passed_quiesc_completed fields are used to properly associate the recorded quiescent state with a grace period. It is OK to wrongly associate a given quiescent state with a preceding grace period, but it is fatal to associate a given quiescent state with a grace period that begins after the quiescent state occurred. Grace periods are numbered, and the following fields track them: o ->gpnum is the number of the grace period currently in progress, or the number of the last grace period to complete if no grace period is currently in progress. o ->completed is the number of the last grace period to have completed. These two fields are equal if there is no grace period in progress, otherwise ->gpnum is one greater than ->completed. But the rdp->passed_quiesc_completed field compared against ->completed, and if equal, the quiescent state is presumed to count against the current grace period. The earlier code copied rdp->completed to rdp->passed_quiesc_completed, which has been made to work, but is error-prone. In contrast, copying one less than rdp->gpnum is guaranteed safe, because rdp->gpnum is not incremented until after the start of the corresponding grace period. At the end of the grace period, when ->completed has incremented, then any quiescent periods recorded previously will be discarded. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <12578890421011-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Remove inline from forward-referenced functionsPaul E. McKenney2009-11-101-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Some variants of gcc are reputed to dislike forward references to functions declared "inline". Remove the "inline" keyword from such functions. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <12578890422402-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Fix TREE_PREEMPT_RCU CPU_HOTPLUG bad-luck hangPaul E. McKenney2009-10-151-8/+17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If the following sequence of events occurs, then TREE_PREEMPT_RCU will hang waiting for a grace period to complete, eventually OOMing the system: o A TREE_PREEMPT_RCU build of the kernel is booted on a system with more than 64 physical CPUs present (32 on a 32-bit system). Alternatively, a TREE_PREEMPT_RCU build of the kernel is booted with RCU_FANOUT set to a sufficiently small value that the physical CPUs populate two or more leaf rcu_node structures. o A task is preempted in an RCU read-side critical section while running on a CPU corresponding to a given leaf rcu_node structure. o All CPUs corresponding to this same leaf rcu_node structure record quiescent states for the current grace period. o All of these same CPUs go offline (hence the need for enough physical CPUs to populate more than one leaf rcu_node structure). This causes the preempted task to be moved to the root rcu_node structure. At this point, there is nothing left to cause the quiescent state to be propagated up the rcu_node tree, so the current grace period never completes. The simplest fix, especially after considering the deadlock possibilities, is to detect this situation when the last CPU is offlined, and to set that CPU's ->qsmask bit in its leaf rcu_node structure. This will cause the next invocation of force_quiescent_state() to end the grace period. Without this fix, this hang can be triggered in an hour or so on some machines with rcutorture and random CPU onlining/offlining. With this fix, these same machines pass a full 10 hours of this sort of abuse. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <20091015162614.GA19131@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Stopgap fix for synchronize_rcu_expedited() for TREE_PREEMPT_RCUPaul E. McKenney2009-10-151-0/+21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | For the short term, map synchronize_rcu_expedited() to synchronize_rcu() for TREE_PREEMPT_RCU and to synchronize_sched_expedited() for TREE_RCU. Longer term, there needs to be a real expedited grace period for TREE_PREEMPT_RCU, but candidate patches to date are considerably more complex and intrusive. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com Cc: npiggin@suse.de Cc: jens.axboe@oracle.com LKML-Reference: <12555405592331-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Make hot-unplugged CPU relinquish its own RCU callbacksPaul E. McKenney2009-10-071-0/+34
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The current interaction between RCU and CPU hotplug requires that RCU block in CPU notifiers waiting for callbacks to drain. This can be greatly simplified by having each CPU relinquish its own callbacks, and for both _rcu_barrier() and CPU_DEAD notifiers to adopt all callbacks that were previously relinquished. This change also eliminates the possibility of certain types of hangs due to the previous practice of waiting for callbacks to be invoked from within CPU notifiers. If you don't every wait, you cannot hang. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <1254890898456-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Clean up code based on review feedback from Josh Triplett, part 4Paul E. McKenney2009-10-051-4/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | These issues identified during an old-fashioned face-to-face code review extending over many hours. This group improves an existing abstraction and introduces two new ones. It also fixes an RCU stall-warning bug found while making the other changes. o Make RCU_INIT_FLAVOR() declare its own variables, removing the need to declare them at each call site. o Create an rcu_for_each_leaf() macro that scans the leaf nodes of the rcu_node tree. o Create an rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first() macro that does a breadth-first traversal of the rcu_node tree, AKA stepping through the array in index-number order. o If all CPUs corresponding to a given leaf rcu_node structure go offline, then any tasks queued on that leaf will be moved to the root rcu_node structure. Therefore, the stall-warning code must dump out tasks queued on the root rcu_node structure as well as those queued on the leaf rcu_node structures. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <12541491934126-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Clean up code based on review feedback from Josh Triplett, part 2Paul E. McKenney2009-09-231-2/+21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | These issues identified during an old-fashioned face-to-face code review extending over many hours. o Add comments for tricky parts of code, and correct comments that have passed their sell-by date. o Get rid of the vestiges of rcu_init_sched(), which is no longer needed now that PREEMPT_RCU is gone. o Move the #include of rcutree_plugin.h to the end of rcutree.c, which means that, rather than having a random collection of forward declarations, the new set of forward declarations document the set of plugins. The new home for this #include also allows __rcu_init_preempt() to move into rcutree_plugin.h. o Fix rcu_preempt_check_callbacks() to be static. Suggested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <12537246443924-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
* rcu: Clean up code based on review feedback from Josh TriplettPaul E. McKenney2009-09-231-25/+25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | These issues identified during an old-fashioned face-to-face code review extended over many hours. o Bury various forms of the "rsp->completed == rsp->gpnum" comparison into an rcu_gp_in_progress() function, which has the beneficial side-effect of forcing consistent use of ACCESS_ONCE(). o Replace hand-coded arithmetic with DIV_ROUND_UP(). o Bury several "!list_empty(&rnp->blocked_tasks[rnp->gpnum & 0x01])" instances into an rcu_preempted_readers() function, as this expression indicates that there are no readers blocked within RCU read-side critical sections blocking the current grace period. (Though there might well be similar readers blocking the next grace period.) o Remove a dangling rcu_restart_cpu() declaration that has been dangling for almost 20 minor releases of the kernel. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <12537246442687-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Fix whitespace inconsistenciesPaul E. McKenney2009-09-191-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix a number of whitespace ^Ierrors in the include/linux/rcu* and the kernel/rcu* files. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu LKML-Reference: <20090918172819.GA24405@linux.vnet.ibm.com> [ did more checkpatch fixlets ] Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Fix thinko, actually initialize full treePaul E. McKenney2009-09-191-1/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit de078d8 ("rcu: Need to update rnp->gpnum if preemptable RCU is to be reliable") repeatedly and incorrectly initializes the root rcu_node structure's ->gpnum field rather than initializing the ->gpnum field of each node in the tree. Fix this. Also add an additional consistency check to catch this in the future. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu LKML-Reference: <125329262011-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Apply results of code inspection of kernel/rcutree_plugin.hPaul E. McKenney2009-09-191-4/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | o Drop the calls to cpu_quiet() from the online/offline code. These are unnecessary, since force_quiescent_state() will clean up, and removing them simplifies the code a bit. o Add a warning to check that we don't enqueue the same blocked task twice onto the ->blocked_tasks[] lists. o Rework the phase computation in rcu_preempt_note_context_switch() to be more readable, as suggested by Josh Triplett. o Disable irqs to close a race between the scheduling clock interrupt and rcu_preempt_note_context_switch() WRT the ->rcu_read_unlock_special field. o Add comments to rnp->lock acquisition and release within rcu_read_unlock_special() noting that irqs are already disabled. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu LKML-Reference: <12532926201851-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Add WARN_ON_ONCE() consistency checks covering state transitionsPaul E. McKenney2009-09-191-6/+14
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | o Verify that qsmask bits stay clear through GP initialization. o Verify that cpu_quiet_msk_finish() is never invoked unless there actually is an RCU grace period in progress. o Verify that all internal-node rcu_node structures have empty blocked_tasks[] lists. o Verify that child rcu_node structure's bits remain clear after acquiring parent's lock. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu LKML-Reference: <12532926191947-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Simplify rcu_read_unlock_special() quiescent-state accountingPaul E. McKenney2009-09-181-28/+26
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The earlier approach required two scheduling-clock ticks to note an preemptable-RCU quiescent state in the situation in which the scheduling-clock interrupt is unlucky enough to always interrupt an RCU read-side critical section. With this change, the quiescent state is instead noted by the outermost rcu_read_unlock() immediately following the first scheduling-clock tick, or, alternatively, by the first subsequent context switch. Therefore, this change also speeds up grace periods. Suggested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu LKML-Reference: <12528585111945-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Add debug checks to TREE_PREEMPT_RCU for premature grace periodsPaul E. McKenney2009-09-181-0/+25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Check to make sure that there are no blocked tasks for the previous grace period while initializing for the next grace period, verify that rcu_preempt_qs() is given the correct CPU number and is never called for an offline CPU. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu LKML-Reference: <12528585111986-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Changes from reviews: avoid casts, fix/add warnings, improve commentsPaul E. McKenney2009-08-291-4/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Changes suggested by review comments from Josh Triplett and Mathieu Desnoyers. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org> Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org LKML-Reference: <20090827220012.GA30525@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Create rcutree plugins to handle hotplug CPU for multi-level treesPaul E. McKenney2009-08-291-5/+64
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When offlining CPUs from a multi-level tree, there is the possibility of offlining the last CPU from a given node when there are preempted RCU read-side critical sections that started life on one of the CPUs on that node. In this case, the corresponding tasks will be enqueued via the task_struct's rcu_node_entry list_head onto one of the rcu_node's blocked_tasks[] lists. These tasks need to be moved somewhere else so that they will prevent the current grace period from ending. That somewhere is the root rcu_node. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josht@linux.vnet.ibm.com Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org LKML-Reference: <20090827215816.GA30472@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Add CPU-offline processing for single-node configurationsPaul E. McKenney2009-08-241-0/+24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add preemptable-RCU plugin to handle the CPU-offline processing. An additional plugin is forthcoming to handle multinode RCU trees, but this current plugin works for configurations up to 32 CPUs (64 CPUs for 64-bit kernels). Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josht@linux.vnet.ibm.com Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org LKML-Reference: <12511321213336-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* rcu: Merge preemptable-RCU functionality into hierarchical RCUPaul E. McKenney2009-08-231-0/+447
Create a kernel/rcutree_plugin.h file that contains definitions for preemptable RCU (or, under the #else branch of the #ifdef, empty definitions for the classic non-preemptable semantics). These definitions fit into plugins defined in kernel/rcutree.c for this purpose. This variant of preemptable RCU uses a new algorithm whose read-side expense is roughly that of classic hierarchical RCU under CONFIG_PREEMPT. This new algorithm's update-side expense is similar to that of classic hierarchical RCU, and, in absence of read-side preemption or blocking, is exactly that of classic hierarchical RCU. Perhaps more important, this new algorithm has a much simpler implementation, saving well over 1,000 lines of code compared to mainline's implementation of preemptable RCU, which will hopefully be retired in favor of this new algorithm. The simplifications are obtained by maintaining per-task nesting state for running tasks, and using a simple lock-protected algorithm to handle accounting when tasks block within RCU read-side critical sections, making use of lessons learned while creating numerous user-level RCU implementations over the past 18 months. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josht@linux.vnet.ibm.com Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org LKML-Reference: <12509746134003-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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