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* radix tree: Remove radix_tree_update_node_tMatthew Wilcox2018-10-211-1/+1
| | | | | | | | The only user of this functionality was the workingset code, and it's now been converted to the XArray. Remove __radix_tree_delete_node() entirely as it was also only used by the workingset code. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
* ida: Convert to XArrayMatthew Wilcox2018-10-211-176/+203
| | | | | | | | | Use the XA_TRACK_FREE ability to track which entries have a free bit, similarly to how it uses the radix tree's IDR_FREE tag. This eliminates the per-cpu ida_bitmap preload, and fixes the memory consumption regression I introduced when making the IDR able to store any pointer. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
* xarray: Add definition of struct xarrayMatthew Wilcox2018-10-211-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | This is a direct replacement for struct radix_tree_root. Some of the struct members have changed name; convert those, and use a #define so that radix_tree users continue to work without change. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
* xarray: Replace exceptional entriesMatthew Wilcox2018-09-291-35/+25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Introduce xarray value entries and tagged pointers to replace radix tree exceptional entries. This is a slight change in encoding to allow the use of an extra bit (we can now store BITS_PER_LONG - 1 bits in a value entry). It is also a change in emphasis; exceptional entries are intimidating and different. As the comment explains, you can choose to store values or pointers in the xarray and they are both first-class citizens. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
* idr: Permit any valid kernel pointer to be storedMatthew Wilcox2018-09-291-4/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | An upcoming change to the encoding of internal entries will set the bottom two bits to 0b10. Unfortunately, m68k only aligns some data structures to 2 bytes, so the IDR will interpret them as internal entries and things will go badly wrong. Change the radix tree so that it stops either when the node indicates that it's the bottom of the tree (shift == 0) or when the entry is not an internal entry. This means we cannot insert an arbitrary kernel pointer as a multiorder entry, but the IDR does not permit multiorder entries. Annoyingly, this means the IDR can no longer take advantage of the radix tree's ability to store a single entry at offset 0 without allocating memory. A pointer which is 2-byte aligned cannot be stored directly in the root as it would be indistinguishable from a node, so we must allocate a node in order to store a 2-byte pointer at index 0. The idr_replace() function does not take a GFP flags argument, so cannot allocate memory. If a user inserts a 4-byte aligned pointer at index 0 and then replaces it with a 2-byte aligned pointer, we must be able to store it. Arbitrary pointer values are still not permitted; pointers of the form 2 + (i * 4) for values of i between 0 and 1023 are reserved for the implementation. These are not valid kernel pointers as they would point into the zero page. This change does cause a runtime memory consumption regression for the IDA. I will recover that later. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Tested-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
* ida: Change ida_get_new_above to return the idMatthew Wilcox2018-08-211-18/+12
| | | | | | | This calling convention makes more sense for the implementation as well as the callers. It even shaves 32 bytes off the compiled code size. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
* ida: Remove old APIMatthew Wilcox2018-08-211-41/+7
| | | | | | | | Delete ida_pre_get(), ida_get_new(), ida_get_new_above() and ida_remove() from the public API. Some of these functions still exist as internal helpers, but they should not be called by consumers. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
* ida: Add new APIMatthew Wilcox2018-08-211-39/+31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add ida_alloc(), ida_alloc_min(), ida_alloc_max(), ida_alloc_range() and ida_free(). The ida_alloc_max() and ida_alloc_range() functions differ from ida_simple_get() in that they take an inclusive 'max' parameter instead of an exclusive 'end' parameter. Callers are about evenly split whether they'd like inclusive or exclusive parameters and 'max' is easier to document than 'end'. Change the IDA allocation to first attempt to allocate a bit using existing memory, and only allocate memory afterwards. Also change the behaviour of 'min' > INT_MAX from being a BUG() to returning -ENOSPC. Leave compatibility wrappers in place for ida_simple_get() and ida_simple_remove() to avoid changing all callers. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
* ida: Lock the IDA in ida_destroyMatthew Wilcox2018-08-211-6/+11
| | | | | | | | | The user has no need to handle locking between ida_simple_get() and ida_simple_remove(). They shouldn't be forced to think about whether ida_destroy() might be called at the same time as any of their other IDA manipulation calls. Improve the documnetation while I'm in here. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
* lib/idr.c: remove simple_ida_lockMatthew Wilcox2018-06-071-5/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Improve the scalability of the IDA by using the per-IDA xa_lock rather than the global simple_ida_lock. IDAs are not typically used in performance-sensitive locations, but since we have this lock anyway, we can use it. It is also a step towards converting the IDA from the radix tree to the XArray. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: idr.c needs xarray.h] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180331125332.GF13332@bombadil.infradead.org Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: Fix handling of IDs above INT_MAXMatthew Wilcox2018-02-261-6/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Khalid reported that the kernel selftests are currently failing: selftests: test_bpf.sh ======================================== test_bpf: [FAIL] not ok 1..8 selftests: test_bpf.sh [FAIL] He bisected it to 6ce711f2750031d12cec91384ac5cfa0a485b60a ("idr: Make 1-based IDRs more efficient"). The root cause is doing a signed comparison in idr_alloc_u32() instead of an unsigned comparison. I went looking for any similar problems and found a couple (which would each result in the failure to warn in two situations that aren't supposed to happen). I knocked up a few test-cases to prove that I was right and added them to the test-suite. Reported-by: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com> Tested-by: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* ida: do zeroing in ida_pre_get()Rasmus Villemoes2018-02-211-2/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | As far as I can tell, the only place the per-cpu ida_bitmap is populated is in ida_pre_get. The pre-allocated element is stolen in two places in ida_get_new_above, in both cases immediately followed by a memset(0). Since ida_get_new_above is called with locks held, do the zeroing in ida_pre_get, or rather let kmalloc() do it. Also, apparently gcc generates ~44 bytes of code to do a memset(, 0, 128): $ scripts/bloat-o-meter vmlinux.{0,1} add/remove: 0/0 grow/shrink: 2/1 up/down: 5/-88 (-83) Function old new delta ida_pre_get 115 119 +4 vermagic 27 28 +1 ida_get_new_above 715 627 -88 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180108225634.15340-1-linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> Acked-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: Make 1-based IDRs more efficientMatthew Wilcox2018-02-061-9/+61
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | About 20% of the IDR users in the kernel want the allocated IDs to start at 1. The implementation currently searches all the way down the left hand side of the tree, finds no free ID other than ID 0, walks all the way back up, and then all the way down again. This patch 'rebases' the ID so we fill the entire radix tree, rather than leave a gap at 0. Chris Wilson says: "I did the quick hack of allocating index 0 of the idr and that eradicated idr_get_free() from being at the top of the profiles for the many-object stress tests. This improvement will be much appreciated." Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* idr: Warn if old iterators see large IDsMatthew Wilcox2018-02-061-1/+8
| | | | | | | | | | Now that the IDR can be used to store large IDs, it is possible somebody might only partially convert their old code and use the iterators which can only handle IDs up to INT_MAX. It's probably unwise to show them a truncated ID, so settle for spewing warnings to dmesg, and terminating the iteration. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* idr: Rename idr_for_each_entry_extMatthew Wilcox2018-02-061-10/+20
| | | | | | | | Most places in the kernel that we need to distinguish functions by the type of their arguments, we use '_ul' as a suffix for the unsigned long variant, not '_ext'. Also add kernel-doc. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* idr: Remove idr_alloc_extMatthew Wilcox2018-02-061-44/+84
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | It has no more users, so remove it. Move idr_alloc() back into idr.c, move the guts of idr_alloc_cmn() into idr_alloc_u32(), remove the wrappers around idr_get_free_cmn() and rename it to idr_get_free(). While there is now no interface to allocate IDs larger than a u32, the IDR internals remain ready to handle a larger ID should a need arise. These changes make it possible to provide the guarantee that, if the nextid pointer points into the object, the object's ID will be initialised before a concurrent lookup can find the object. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* idr: Add idr_alloc_u32 helperMatthew Wilcox2018-02-061-0/+31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | All current users of idr_alloc_ext() actually want to allocate a u32 and idr_alloc_u32() fits their needs better. Like idr_get_next(), it uses a 'nextid' argument which serves as both a pointer to the start ID and the assigned ID (instead of a separate minimum and pointer-to-assigned-ID argument). It uses a 'max' argument rather than 'end' because the semantics that idr_alloc has for 'end' don't work well for unsigned types. Since idr_alloc_u32() returns an errno instead of the allocated ID, mark it as __must_check to help callers use it correctly. Include copious kernel-doc. Chris Mi <chrism@mellanox.com> has promised to contribute test-cases for idr_alloc_u32. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* idr: Delete idr_replace_ext functionMatthew Wilcox2018-02-061-12/+3
| | | | | | | | Changing idr_replace's 'id' argument to 'unsigned long' works for all callers. Callers which passed a negative ID now get -ENOENT instead of -EINVAL. No callers relied on this error value. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* mm, truncate: do not check mapping for every page being truncatedMel Gorman2017-11-151-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | During truncation, the mapping has already been checked for shmem and dax so it's known that workingset_update_node is required. This patch avoids the checks on mapping for each page being truncated. In all other cases, a lookup helper is used to determine if workingset_update_node() needs to be called. The one danger is that the API is slightly harder to use as calling workingset_update_node directly without checking for dax or shmem mappings could lead to surprises. However, the API rarely needs to be used and hopefully the comment is enough to give people the hint. sparsetruncate (tiny) 4.14.0-rc4 4.14.0-rc4 oneirq-v1r1 pickhelper-v1r1 Min Time 141.00 ( 0.00%) 140.00 ( 0.71%) 1st-qrtle Time 142.00 ( 0.00%) 141.00 ( 0.70%) 2nd-qrtle Time 142.00 ( 0.00%) 142.00 ( 0.00%) 3rd-qrtle Time 143.00 ( 0.00%) 143.00 ( 0.00%) Max-90% Time 144.00 ( 0.00%) 144.00 ( 0.00%) Max-95% Time 147.00 ( 0.00%) 145.00 ( 1.36%) Max-99% Time 195.00 ( 0.00%) 191.00 ( 2.05%) Max Time 230.00 ( 0.00%) 205.00 ( 10.87%) Amean Time 144.37 ( 0.00%) 143.82 ( 0.38%) Stddev Time 10.44 ( 0.00%) 9.00 ( 13.74%) Coeff Time 7.23 ( 0.00%) 6.26 ( 13.41%) Best99%Amean Time 143.72 ( 0.00%) 143.34 ( 0.26%) Best95%Amean Time 142.37 ( 0.00%) 142.00 ( 0.26%) Best90%Amean Time 142.19 ( 0.00%) 141.85 ( 0.24%) Best75%Amean Time 141.92 ( 0.00%) 141.58 ( 0.24%) Best50%Amean Time 141.69 ( 0.00%) 141.31 ( 0.27%) Best25%Amean Time 141.38 ( 0.00%) 140.97 ( 0.29%) As you'd expect, the gain is marginal but it can be detected. The differences in bonnie are all within the noise which is not surprising given the impact on the microbenchmark. radix_tree_update_node_t is a callback for some radix operations that optionally passes in a private field. The only user of the callback is workingset_update_node and as it no longer requires a mapping, the private field is removed. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171018075952.10627-3-mgorman@techsingularity.net Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* lib/idr.c: fix comment for idr_replace()Eric Biggers2017-10-031-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | idr_replace() returns the old value on success, not 0. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170918162642.37511-1-ebiggers3@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: remove WARN_ON_ONCE() when trying to replace negative IDEric Biggers2017-09-131-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | IDR only supports non-negative IDs. There used to be a 'WARN_ON_ONCE(id < 0)' in idr_replace(), but it was intentionally removed by commit 2e1c9b286765 ("idr: remove WARN_ON_ONCE() on negative IDs"). Then it was added back by commit 0a835c4f090a ("Reimplement IDR and IDA using the radix tree"). However it seems that adding it back was a mistake, given that some users such as drm_gem_handle_delete() (DRM_IOCTL_GEM_CLOSE) pass in a value from userspace to idr_replace(), allowing the WARN_ON_ONCE to be triggered. drm_gem_handle_delete() actually just wants idr_replace() to return an error code if the ID is not allocated, including in the case where the ID is invalid (negative). So once again remove the bogus WARN_ON_ONCE(). This bug was found by syzkaller, which encountered the following warning: WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 3008 at lib/idr.c:157 idr_replace+0x1d8/0x240 lib/idr.c:157 Kernel panic - not syncing: panic_on_warn set ... CPU: 3 PID: 3008 Comm: syzkaller218828 Not tainted 4.13.0-rc4-next-20170811 #2 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011 Call Trace: fixup_bug+0x40/0x90 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:190 do_trap_no_signal arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:224 [inline] do_trap+0x260/0x390 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:273 do_error_trap+0x120/0x390 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:310 do_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:323 invalid_op+0x1e/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:930 RIP: 0010:idr_replace+0x1d8/0x240 lib/idr.c:157 RSP: 0018:ffff8800394bf9f8 EFLAGS: 00010297 RAX: ffff88003c6c60c0 RBX: 1ffff10007297f43 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff8800394bfa78 RBP: ffff8800394bfae0 R08: ffffffff82856487 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: ffff8800394bf9a8 R11: ffff88006c8bae28 R12: ffffffffffffffff R13: ffff8800394bfab8 R14: dffffc0000000000 R15: ffff8800394bfbc8 drm_gem_handle_delete+0x33/0xa0 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:297 drm_gem_close_ioctl+0xa1/0xe0 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:671 drm_ioctl_kernel+0x1e7/0x2e0 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_ioctl.c:729 drm_ioctl+0x72e/0xa50 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_ioctl.c:825 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:45 [inline] do_vfs_ioctl+0x1b1/0x1520 fs/ioctl.c:685 SYSC_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:700 [inline] SyS_ioctl+0x8f/0xc0 fs/ioctl.c:691 entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xbe Here is a C reproducer: #include <fcntl.h> #include <stddef.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <drm/drm.h> int main(void) { int cardfd = open("/dev/dri/card0", O_RDONLY); ioctl(cardfd, DRM_IOCTL_GEM_CLOSE, &(struct drm_gem_close) { .handle = -1 } ); } Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170906235306.20534-1-ebiggers3@gmail.com Fixes: 0a835c4f090a ("Reimplement IDR and IDA using the radix tree") Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [v4.11+] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: Add new APIs to support unsigned longChris Mi2017-08-301-29/+37
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The following new APIs are added: int idr_alloc_ext(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, unsigned long *index, unsigned long start, unsigned long end, gfp_t gfp); void *idr_remove_ext(struct idr *idr, unsigned long id); void *idr_find_ext(const struct idr *idr, unsigned long id); void *idr_replace_ext(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, unsigned long id); void *idr_get_next_ext(struct idr *idr, unsigned long *nextid); Signed-off-by: Chris Mi <chrism@mellanox.com> Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* idr: Add missing __rcu annotationsMatthew Wilcox2017-02-131-7/+7
| | | | | | | | Where we use the radix tree iteration macros, we need to annotate 'slot' with __rcu. Make sure we don't forget any new places in the future with the same CFLAGS check used for radix-tree.c. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* ida: Use exceptional entries for small IDAsMatthew Wilcox2017-02-131-6/+81
| | | | | | | | | | | | | We can use the root entry as a bitmap and save allocating a 128 byte bitmap for an IDA that contains only a few entries (30 on a 32-bit machine, 62 on a 64-bit machine). This costs about 300 bytes of kernel text on x86-64, so as long as 3 IDAs fall into this category, this is a net win for memory consumption. Thanks to Rasmus Villemoes for his work documenting the problem and collecting statistics on IDAs. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* ida: Move ida_bitmap to a percpu variableMatthew Wilcox2017-02-131-37/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | When we preload the IDA, we allocate an IDA bitmap. Instead of storing that preallocated bitmap in the IDA, we store it in a percpu variable. Generally there are more IDAs in the system than CPUs, so this cuts down on the number of preallocated bitmaps that are unused, and about half of the IDA users did not call ida_destroy() so they were leaking IDA bitmaps. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
* Reimplement IDR and IDA using the radix treeMatthew Wilcox2017-02-131-946/+232
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The IDR is very similar to the radix tree. It has some functionality that the radix tree did not have (alloc next free, cyclic allocation, a callback-based for_each, destroy tree), which is readily implementable on top of the radix tree. A few small changes were needed in order to use a tag to represent nodes with free space below them. More extensive changes were needed to support storing NULL as a valid entry in an IDR. Plain radix trees still interpret NULL as a not-present entry. The IDA is reimplemented as a client of the newly enhanced radix tree. As in the current implementation, it uses a bitmap at the last level of the tree. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Tested-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com> Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* lib/ida: document locking requirements a bit betterDaniel Vetter2016-12-121-0/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | I wanted to wrap a bunch of ida_simple_get calls into their own locking, until I dug around and read the original commit message. Stuff like this should imo be added to the kernel doc, let's do that. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161027072216.20411-1-daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@intel.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm, page_alloc: distinguish between being unable to sleep, unwilling to ↵Mel Gorman2015-11-061-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | sleep and avoiding waking kswapd __GFP_WAIT has been used to identify atomic context in callers that hold spinlocks or are in interrupts. They are expected to be high priority and have access one of two watermarks lower than "min" which can be referred to as the "atomic reserve". __GFP_HIGH users get access to the first lower watermark and can be called the "high priority reserve". Over time, callers had a requirement to not block when fallback options were available. Some have abused __GFP_WAIT leading to a situation where an optimisitic allocation with a fallback option can access atomic reserves. This patch uses __GFP_ATOMIC to identify callers that are truely atomic, cannot sleep and have no alternative. High priority users continue to use __GFP_HIGH. __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM identifies callers that can sleep and are willing to enter direct reclaim. __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM to identify callers that want to wake kswapd for background reclaim. __GFP_WAIT is redefined as a caller that is willing to enter direct reclaim and wake kswapd for background reclaim. This patch then converts a number of sites o __GFP_ATOMIC is used by callers that are high priority and have memory pools for those requests. GFP_ATOMIC uses this flag. o Callers that have a limited mempool to guarantee forward progress clear __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM but keep __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. bio allocations fall into this category where kswapd will still be woken but atomic reserves are not used as there is a one-entry mempool to guarantee progress. o Callers that are checking if they are non-blocking should use the helper gfpflags_allow_blocking() where possible. This is because checking for __GFP_WAIT as was done historically now can trigger false positives. Some exceptions like dm-crypt.c exist where the code intent is clearer if __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM is used instead of the helper due to flag manipulations. o Callers that built their own GFP flags instead of starting with GFP_KERNEL and friends now also need to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. The first key hazard to watch out for is callers that removed __GFP_WAIT and was depending on access to atomic reserves for inconspicuous reasons. In some cases it may be appropriate for them to use __GFP_HIGH. The second key hazard is callers that assembled their own combination of GFP flags instead of starting with something like GFP_KERNEL. They may now wish to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. It's almost certainly harmless if it's missed in most cases as other activity will wake kswapd. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* lib/idr.c: remove redundant includeRasmus Villemoes2015-02-121-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | idr.c doesn't seem to use anything from hardirq.h (or anything included from that). Removing it produces identical objdump -d output, and gives 44 fewer lines in the .idr.o.cmd dependency file. Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds2014-10-071-1/+1
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial Pull "trivial tree" updates from Jiri Kosina: "Usual pile from trivial tree everyone is so eagerly waiting for" * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial: (39 commits) Remove MN10300_PROC_MN2WS0038 mei: fix comments treewide: Fix typos in Kconfig kprobes: update jprobe_example.c for do_fork() change Documentation: change "&" to "and" in Documentation/applying-patches.txt Documentation: remove obsolete pcmcia-cs from Changes Documentation: update links in Changes Documentation: Docbook: Fix generated DocBook/kernel-api.xml score: Remove GENERIC_HAS_IOMAP gpio: fix 'CONFIG_GPIO_IRQCHIP' comments tty: doc: Fix grammar in serial/tty dma-debug: modify check_for_stack output treewide: fix errors in printk genirq: fix reference in devm_request_threaded_irq comment treewide: fix synchronize_rcu() in comments checkstack.pl: port to AArch64 doc: queue-sysfs: minor fixes init/do_mounts: better syntax description MIPS: fix comment spelling powerpc/simpleboot: fix comment ...
| * Documentation: Docbook: Fix generated DocBook/kernel-api.xmlMasanari Iida2014-09-091-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch fix spelling typo found in DocBook/kernel-api.xml. It is because the file is generated from the source comments, I have to fix the comments in source codes. Signed-off-by: Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
* | lib/idr.c: fix out-of-bounds pointer dereferenceAndrey Ryabinin2014-08-081-11/+14
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | I'm working on address sanitizer project for kernel. Recently we started experiments with stack instrumentation, to detect out-of-bounds read/write bugs on stack. Just after booting I've hit out-of-bounds read on stack in idr_for_each (and in __idr_remove_all as well): struct idr_layer **paa = &pa[0]; while (id >= 0 && id <= max) { ... while (n < fls(id)) { n += IDR_BITS; p = *--paa; <--- here we are reading pa[-1] value. } } Despite the fact that after this dereference we are exiting out of loop and never use p, such behaviour is undefined and should be avoided. Fix this by moving pointer derference to the beggining of the loop, right before we will use it. Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com> Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Alexey Preobrazhensky <preobr@google.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: reduce the unneeded check in free_layer()Lai Jiangshan2014-06-061-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | If "idr->hint == p" is true, it also implies "idr->hint" is true(not NULL). Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: don't need to shink the free list when idr_remove()Lai Jiangshan2014-06-061-16/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | After idr subsystem is changed to RCU-awared, the free layer will not go to the free list. The free list will not be filled up when idr_remove(). So we don't need to shink it too. Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: fix idr_replace()'s returned error codeLai Jiangshan2014-06-061-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | When the smaller id is not found, idr_replace() returns -ENOENT. But when the id is bigger enough, idr_replace() returns -EINVAL, actually there is no difference between these two kinds of ids. These are all unallocated id, the return values of the idr_replace() for these ids should be the same: -ENOENT. Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: fix NULL pointer dereference when ida_remove(unallocated_id)Lai Jiangshan2014-06-061-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If the ida has at least one existing id, and when an unallocated ID which meets a certain condition is passed to the ida_remove(), the system will crash because it hits NULL pointer dereference. The condition is that the unallocated ID shares the same lowest idr layer with the existing ID, but the idr slot would be different if the unallocated ID were to be allocated. In this case the matching idr slot for the unallocated_id is NULL, causing @bitmap to be NULL which the function dereferences without checking crashing the kernel. See the test code: static void test3(void) { int id; DEFINE_IDA(test_ida); printk(KERN_INFO "Start test3\n"); if (ida_pre_get(&test_ida, GFP_KERNEL) < 0) return; if (ida_get_new(&test_ida, &id) < 0) return; ida_remove(&test_ida, 4000); /* bug: null deference here */ printk(KERN_INFO "End of test3\n"); } It happens only when the caller tries to free an unallocated ID which is the caller's fault. It is not a bug. But it is better to add the proper check and complain rather than crashing the kernel. [tj@kernel.org: updated patch description] Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: fix unexpected ID-removal when idr_remove(unallocated_id)Lai Jiangshan2014-06-061-0/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If unallocated_id = (ANY * idr_max(idp->layers) + existing_id) is passed to idr_remove(). The existing_id will be removed unexpectedly. The following test shows this unexpected id-removal: static void test4(void) { int id; DEFINE_IDR(test_idr); printk(KERN_INFO "Start test4\n"); id = idr_alloc(&test_idr, (void *)1, 42, 43, GFP_KERNEL); BUG_ON(id != 42); idr_remove(&test_idr, 42 + IDR_SIZE); TEST_BUG_ON(idr_find(&test_idr, 42) != (void *)1); idr_destroy(&test_idr); printk(KERN_INFO "End of test4\n"); } ida_remove() shares the similar problem. It happens only when the caller tries to free an unallocated ID which is the caller's fault. It is not a bug. But it is better to add the proper check and complain rather than removing an existing_id silently. Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: fix overflow bug during maximum ID calculation at maximum heightLai Jiangshan2014-06-061-5/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | idr_replace() open-codes the logic to calculate the maximum valid ID given the height of the idr tree; unfortunately, the open-coded logic doesn't account for the fact that the top layer may have unused slots and over-shifts the limit to zero when the tree is at its maximum height. The following test code shows it fails to replace the value for id=((1<<27)+42): static void test5(void) { int id; DEFINE_IDR(test_idr); #define TEST5_START ((1<<27)+42) /* use the highest layer */ printk(KERN_INFO "Start test5\n"); id = idr_alloc(&test_idr, (void *)1, TEST5_START, 0, GFP_KERNEL); BUG_ON(id != TEST5_START); TEST_BUG_ON(idr_replace(&test_idr, (void *)2, TEST5_START) != (void *)1); idr_destroy(&test_idr); printk(KERN_INFO "End of test5\n"); } Fix the bug by using idr_max() which correctly takes into account the maximum allowed shift. sub_alloc() shares the same problem and may incorrectly fail with -EAGAIN; however, this bug doesn't affect correct operation because idr_get_empty_slot(), which already uses idr_max(), retries with the increased @id in such cases. [tj@kernel.org: Updated patch description.] Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* lib/idr.c: use RCU_INIT_POINTER(x, NULL)Monam Agarwal2014-04-071-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Replace rcu_assign_pointer(x, NULL) with RCU_INIT_POINTER(x, NULL) The rcu_assign_pointer() ensures that the initialization of a structure is carried out before storing a pointer to that structure. And in the case of the NULL pointer, there is no structure to initialize. So, rcu_assign_pointer(p, NULL) can be safely converted to RCU_INIT_POINTER(p, NULL) Signed-off-by: Monam Agarwal <monamagarwal123@gmail.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: remove dead codeStephen Hemminger2014-04-071-18/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove no longer used deprecated code, and make local functions static. Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org> Acked-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Cc: Philipp Reisner <philipp.reisner@linbit.com> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> Cc: George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com> Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: Add new function idr_is_empty()Andreas Gruenbacher2014-02-171-0/+10
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruen@linbit.com> Signed-off-by: Philipp Reisner <philipp.reisner@linbit.com>
* idr: print a stack dump after ida_remove warningJean Delvare2013-07-031-5/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | We print a dump stack after idr_remove warning. This is useful to find the faulty piece of code. Let's do the same for ida_remove, as it would be equally useful there. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: convert the open-coded printk+dump_stack into WARN()] Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: introduce idr_alloc_cyclic()Jeff Layton2013-04-291-0/+27
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | As Tejun points out, there are several users of the IDR facility that attempt to use it in a cyclic fashion. These users are likely to see -ENOSPC errors after the counter wraps one or more times however. This patchset adds a new idr_alloc_cyclic routine and converts several of these users to it. Many of these users are in obscure parts of the kernel, and I don't have a good way to test some of them. The change is pretty straightforward though, so hopefully it won't be an issue. There is one other cyclic user of idr_alloc that I didn't touch in ipc/util.c. That one is doing some strange stuff that I didn't quite understand, but it looks like it should probably be converted later somehow. This patch: Thus spake Tejun Heo: Ooh, BTW, the cyclic allocation is broken. It's prone to -ENOSPC after the first wraparound. There are several cyclic users in the kernel and I think it probably would be best to implement cyclic support in idr. This patch does that by adding new idr_alloc_cyclic function that such users in the kernel can use. With this, there's no need for a caller to keep track of the last value used as that's now tracked internally. This should prevent the ENOSPC problems that can hit when the "last allocated" counter exceeds INT_MAX. Later patches will convert existing cyclic users to the new interface. Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: "J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@fieldses.org> Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@parisplace.org> Cc: Jack Morgenstein <jackm@dev.mellanox.co.il> Cc: John McCutchan <john@johnmccutchan.com> Cc: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com> Cc: Or Gerlitz <ogerlitz@mellanox.com> Cc: Robert Love <rlove@rlove.org> Cc: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com> Cc: Sridhar Samudrala <sri@us.ibm.com> Cc: Steve Wise <swise@opengridcomputing.com> Cc: Tom Tucker <tom@opengridcomputing.com> Cc: Vlad Yasevich <vyasevich@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: idr_alloc() shouldn't trigger lowmem warning when preloadedTejun Heo2013-03-131-13/+25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GFP_NOIO is often used for idr_alloc() inside preloaded section as the allocation mask doesn't really matter. If the idr tree needs to be expanded, idr_alloc() first tries to allocate using the specified allocation mask and if it fails falls back to the preloaded buffer. This order prevent non-preloading idr_alloc() users from taking advantage of preloading ones by using preload buffer without filling it shifting the burden of allocation to the preload users. Unfortunately, this allowed/expected-to-fail kmem_cache allocation ends up generating spurious slab lowmem warning before succeeding the request from the preload buffer. This patch makes idr_layer_alloc() add __GFP_NOWARN to the first kmem_cache attempt and try kmem_cache again w/o __GFP_NOWARN after allocation from preload_buffer fails so that lowmem warning is generated if not suppressed by the original @gfp_mask. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reported-by: David Teigland <teigland@redhat.com> Tested-by: David Teigland <teigland@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: deprecate idr_pre_get() and idr_get_new[_above]()Tejun Heo2013-03-131-36/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | Now that all in-kernel users are converted to ues the new alloc interface, mark the old interface deprecated. We should be able to remove these in a few releases. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: fix new kernel-doc warningsRandy Dunlap2013-03-121-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix new kernel-doc warnings in idr: Warning(include/linux/idr.h:113): No description found for parameter 'idr' Warning(include/linux/idr.h:113): Excess function parameter 'idp' description in 'idr_find' Warning(lib/idr.c:232): Excess function parameter 'id' description in 'sub_alloc' Warning(lib/idr.c:232): Excess function parameter 'id' description in 'sub_alloc' Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: remove WARN_ON_ONCE() on negative IDsTejun Heo2013-03-081-13/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | idr_find(), idr_remove() and idr_replace() used to silently ignore the sign bit and perform lookup with the rest of the bits. The weird behavior has been changed such that negative IDs are treated as invalid. As the behavior change was subtle, WARN_ON_ONCE() was added in the hope of determining who's calling idr functions with negative IDs so that they can be examined for problems. Up until now, all two reported cases are ID number coming directly from userland and getting fed into idr_find() and the warnings seem to cause more problems than being helpful. Drop the WARN_ON_ONCE()s. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reported-by: <markus@trippelsdorf.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: explain WARN_ON_ONCE() on negative IDs out-of-range IDTejun Heo2013-02-271-0/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Until recently, when an negative ID is specified, idr functions used to ignore the sign bit and proceeded with the operation with the rest of bits, which is bizarre and error-prone. The behavior recently got changed so that negative IDs are treated as invalid but we're triggering WARN_ON_ONCE() on negative IDs just in case somebody was depending on the sign bit being ignored, so that those can be detected and fixed easily. We only need this for a while. Explain why WARN_ON_ONCE()s are there and that they can be removed later. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: implement lookup hintTejun Heo2013-02-271-22/+16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | While idr lookup isn't a particularly heavy operation, it still is too substantial to use in hot paths without worrying about the performance implications. With recent changes, each idr_layer covers 256 slots which should be enough to cover most use cases with single idr_layer making lookup hint very attractive. This patch adds idr->hint which points to the idr_layer which allocated an ID most recently and the fast path lookup becomes if (look up target's prefix matches that of the hinted layer) return hint->ary[ID's offset in the leaf layer]; which can be inlined. idr->hint is set to the leaf node on idr_fill_slot() and cleared from free_layer(). [andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com: always do slow path when hint is uninitialized] Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* idr: add idr_layer->prefixTejun Heo2013-02-271-0/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | Add a field which carries the prefix of ID the idr_layer covers. This will be used to implement lookup hint. This patch doesn't make use of the new field and doesn't introduce any behavior difference. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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