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+#! /usr/bin/env python
+
+# Fix Python source files to use the new equality test operator, i.e.,
+# if x = y: ...
+# is changed to
+# if x == y: ...
+# The script correctly tokenizes the Python program to reliably
+# distinguish between assignments and equality tests.
+#
+# Command line arguments are files or directories to be processed.
+# Directories are searched recursively for files whose name looks
+# like a python module.
+# Symbolic links are always ignored (except as explicit directory
+# arguments). Of course, the original file is kept as a back-up
+# (with a "~" attached to its name).
+# It complains about binaries (files containing null bytes)
+# and about files that are ostensibly not Python files: if the first
+# line starts with '#!' and does not contain the string 'python'.
+#
+# Changes made are reported to stdout in a diff-like format.
+#
+# Undoubtedly you can do this using find and sed or perl, but this is
+# a nice example of Python code that recurses down a directory tree
+# and uses regular expressions. Also note several subtleties like
+# preserving the file's mode and avoiding to even write a temp file
+# when no changes are needed for a file.
+#
+# NB: by changing only the function fixline() you can turn this
+# into a program for a different change to Python programs...
+
+import sys
+import re
+import os
+from stat import *
+import string
+
+err = sys.stderr.write
+dbg = err
+rep = sys.stdout.write
+
+def main():
+ bad = 0
+ if not sys.argv[1:]: # No arguments
+ err('usage: ' + sys.argv[0] + ' file-or-directory ...\n')
+ sys.exit(2)
+ for arg in sys.argv[1:]:
+ if os.path.isdir(arg):
+ if recursedown(arg): bad = 1
+ elif os.path.islink(arg):
+ err(arg + ': will not process symbolic links\n')
+ bad = 1
+ else:
+ if fix(arg): bad = 1
+ sys.exit(bad)
+
+ispythonprog = re.compile('^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+\.py$')
+def ispython(name):
+ return ispythonprog.match(name) >= 0
+
+def recursedown(dirname):
+ dbg('recursedown(%r)\n' % (dirname,))
+ bad = 0
+ try:
+ names = os.listdir(dirname)
+ except os.error, msg:
+ err('%s: cannot list directory: %r\n' % (dirname, msg))
+ return 1
+ names.sort()
+ subdirs = []
+ for name in names:
+ if name in (os.curdir, os.pardir): continue
+ fullname = os.path.join(dirname, name)
+ if os.path.islink(fullname): pass
+ elif os.path.isdir(fullname):
+ subdirs.append(fullname)
+ elif ispython(name):
+ if fix(fullname): bad = 1
+ for fullname in subdirs:
+ if recursedown(fullname): bad = 1
+ return bad
+
+def fix(filename):
+## dbg('fix(%r)\n' % (dirname,))
+ try:
+ f = open(filename, 'r')
+ except IOError, msg:
+ err('%s: cannot open: %r\n' % (filename, msg))
+ return 1
+ head, tail = os.path.split(filename)
+ tempname = os.path.join(head, '@' + tail)
+ g = None
+ # If we find a match, we rewind the file and start over but
+ # now copy everything to a temp file.
+ lineno = 0
+ while 1:
+ line = f.readline()
+ if not line: break
+ lineno = lineno + 1
+ if g is None and '\0' in line:
+ # Check for binary files
+ err(filename + ': contains null bytes; not fixed\n')
+ f.close()
+ return 1
+ if lineno == 1 and g is None and line[:2] == '#!':
+ # Check for non-Python scripts
+ words = string.split(line[2:])
+ if words and re.search('[pP]ython', words[0]) < 0:
+ msg = filename + ': ' + words[0]
+ msg = msg + ' script; not fixed\n'
+ err(msg)
+ f.close()
+ return 1
+ while line[-2:] == '\\\n':
+ nextline = f.readline()
+ if not nextline: break
+ line = line + nextline
+ lineno = lineno + 1
+ newline = fixline(line)
+ if newline != line:
+ if g is None:
+ try:
+ g = open(tempname, 'w')
+ except IOError, msg:
+ f.close()
+ err('%s: cannot create: %r\n' % (tempname, msg))
+ return 1
+ f.seek(0)
+ lineno = 0
+ rep(filename + ':\n')
+ continue # restart from the beginning
+ rep(repr(lineno) + '\n')
+ rep('< ' + line)
+ rep('> ' + newline)
+ if g is not None:
+ g.write(newline)
+
+ # End of file
+ f.close()
+ if not g: return 0 # No changes
+
+ # Finishing touch -- move files
+
+ # First copy the file's mode to the temp file
+ try:
+ statbuf = os.stat(filename)
+ os.chmod(tempname, statbuf[ST_MODE] & 07777)
+ except os.error, msg:
+ err('%s: warning: chmod failed (%r)\n' % (tempname, msg))
+ # Then make a backup of the original file as filename~
+ try:
+ os.rename(filename, filename + '~')
+ except os.error, msg:
+ err('%s: warning: backup failed (%r)\n' % (filename, msg))
+ # Now move the temp file to the original file
+ try:
+ os.rename(tempname, filename)
+ except os.error, msg:
+ err('%s: rename failed (%r)\n' % (filename, msg))
+ return 1
+ # Return succes
+ return 0
+
+
+from tokenize import tokenprog
+
+match = {'if':':', 'elif':':', 'while':':', 'return':'\n', \
+ '(':')', '[':']', '{':'}', '`':'`'}
+
+def fixline(line):
+ # Quick check for easy case
+ if '=' not in line: return line
+
+ i, n = 0, len(line)
+ stack = []
+ while i < n:
+ j = tokenprog.match(line, i)
+ if j < 0:
+ # A bad token; forget about the rest of this line
+ print '(Syntax error:)'
+ print line,
+ return line
+ a, b = tokenprog.regs[3] # Location of the token proper
+ token = line[a:b]
+ i = i+j
+ if stack and token == stack[-1]:
+ del stack[-1]
+ elif match.has_key(token):
+ stack.append(match[token])
+ elif token == '=' and stack:
+ line = line[:a] + '==' + line[b:]
+ i, n = a + len('=='), len(line)
+ elif token == '==' and not stack:
+ print '(Warning: \'==\' at top level:)'
+ print line,
+ return line
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+ main()