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+# A simple FTP client.
+#
+# The information to write this program was gathered from RFC 959,
+# but this is not a complete implementation! Yet it shows how a simple
+# FTP client can be built, and you are welcome to extend it to suit
+# it to your needs...
+#
+# How it works (assuming you've read the RFC):
+#
+# User commands are passed uninterpreted to the server. However, the
+# user never needs to send a PORT command. Rather, the client opens a
+# port right away and sends the appropriate PORT command to the server.
+# When a response code 150 is received, this port is used to receive
+# the data (which is written to stdout in this version), and when the
+# data is exhausted, a new port is opened and a corresponding PORT
+# command sent. In order to avoid errors when reusing ports quickly
+# (and because there is no s.getsockname() method in Python yet) we
+# cycle through a number of ports in the 50000 range.
+
+
+import sys, posix, string
+from socket import *
+
+
+BUFSIZE = 1024
+
+# Default port numbers used by the FTP protocol.
+#
+FTP_PORT = 21
+FTP_DATA_PORT = FTP_PORT - 1
+
+# Change the data port to something not needing root permissions.
+#
+FTP_DATA_PORT = FTP_DATA_PORT + 50000
+
+
+# Main program (called at the end of this file).
+#
+def main():
+ hostname = sys.argv[1]
+ control(hostname)
+
+
+# Control process (user interface and user protocol interpreter).
+#
+def control(hostname):
+ #
+ # Create control connection
+ #
+ s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
+ s.connect((hostname, FTP_PORT))
+ f = s.makefile('r') # Reading the replies is easier from a file...
+ #
+ # Control loop
+ #
+ r = None
+ while 1:
+ code = getreply(f)
+ if code in ('221', 'EOF'): break
+ if code == '150':
+ getdata(r)
+ code = getreply(f)
+ r = None
+ if not r:
+ r = newdataport(s, f)
+ cmd = getcommand()
+ if not cmd: break
+ s.send(cmd + '\r\n')
+
+
+# Create a new data port and send a PORT command to the server for it.
+# (Cycle through a number of ports to avoid problems with reusing
+# a port within a short time.)
+#
+nextport = 0
+#
+def newdataport(s, f):
+ global nextport
+ port = nextport + FTP_DATA_PORT
+ nextport = (nextport+1) % 16
+ r = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
+ r.bind((gethostbyname(gethostname()), port))
+ r.listen(1)
+ sendportcmd(s, f, port)
+ return r
+
+
+# Send an appropriate port command.
+#
+def sendportcmd(s, f, port):
+ hostname = gethostname()
+ hostaddr = gethostbyname(hostname)
+ hbytes = string.splitfields(hostaddr, '.')
+ pbytes = [repr(port//256), repr(port%256)]
+ bytes = hbytes + pbytes
+ cmd = 'PORT ' + string.joinfields(bytes, ',')
+ s.send(cmd + '\r\n')
+ code = getreply(f)
+
+
+# Process an ftp reply and return the 3-digit reply code (as a string).
+# The reply should be a line of text starting with a 3-digit number.
+# If the 4th char is '-', it is a multi-line reply and is
+# terminate by a line starting with the same 3-digit number.
+# Any text while receiving the reply is echoed to the file.
+#
+def getreply(f):
+ line = f.readline()
+ if not line: return 'EOF'
+ print line,
+ code = line[:3]
+ if line[3:4] == '-':
+ while 1:
+ line = f.readline()
+ if not line: break # Really an error
+ print line,
+ if line[:3] == code and line[3:4] != '-': break
+ return code
+
+
+# Get the data from the data connection.
+#
+def getdata(r):
+ print '(accepting data connection)'
+ conn, host = r.accept()
+ print '(data connection accepted)'
+ while 1:
+ data = conn.recv(BUFSIZE)
+ if not data: break
+ sys.stdout.write(data)
+ print '(end of data connection)'
+
+# Get a command from the user.
+#
+def getcommand():
+ try:
+ while 1:
+ line = raw_input('ftp.py> ')
+ if line: return line
+ except EOFError:
+ return ''
+
+
+# Call the main program.
+#
+main()