| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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Added slightly more detail to the Documentation of merge_across_nodes, a
few comments in areas indicated by review, and renamed get_ksm_page()'s
argument from "locked" to "lock_it". No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Petr Holasek <pholasek@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Izik Eidus <izik.eidus@ravellosystems.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Add sysfs documentation for Kernel Samepage Merging (KSM) including new
merge_across_nodes knob.
Signed-off-by: Petr Holasek <pholasek@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Izik Eidus <izik.eidus@ravellosystems.com>
Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Here's a KSM series, based on mmotm 2013-01-23-17-04: starting with
Petr's v7 "KSM: numa awareness sysfs knob"; then fixing the two issues
we had with that, fully enabling KSM page migration on the way.
(A different kind of KSM/NUMA issue which I've certainly not begun to
address here: when KSM pages are unmerged, there's usually no sense in
preferring to allocate the new pages local to the caller's node.)
This patch:
Introduces new sysfs boolean knob /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/merge_across_nodes
which control merging pages across different numa nodes. When it is set
to zero only pages from the same node are merged, otherwise pages from
all nodes can be merged together (default behavior).
Typical use-case could be a lot of KVM guests on NUMA machine and cpus
from more distant nodes would have significant increase of access
latency to the merged ksm page. Sysfs knob was choosen for higher
variability when some users still prefers higher amount of saved
physical memory regardless of access latency.
Every numa node has its own stable & unstable trees because of faster
searching and inserting. Changing of merge_across_nodes value is
possible only when there are not any ksm shared pages in system.
I've tested this patch on numa machines with 2, 4 and 8 nodes and
measured speed of memory access inside of KVM guests with memory pinned
to one of nodes with this benchmark:
http://pholasek.fedorapeople.org/alloc_pg.c
Population standard deviations of access times in percentage of average
were following:
merge_across_nodes=1
2 nodes 1.4%
4 nodes 1.6%
8 nodes 1.7%
merge_across_nodes=0
2 nodes 1%
4 nodes 0.32%
8 nodes 0.018%
RFC: https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/11/30/91
v1: https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/1/23/46
v2: https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/6/29/105
v3: https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/9/14/550
v4: https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/9/23/137
v5: https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/12/10/540
v6: https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/12/23/154
v7: https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/12/27/225
Hugh notes that this patch brings two problems, whose solution needs
further support in mm/ksm.c, which follows in subsequent patches:
1) switching merge_across_nodes after running KSM is liable to oops
on stale nodes still left over from the previous stable tree;
2) memory hotremove may migrate KSM pages, but there is no provision
here for !merge_across_nodes to migrate nodes to the proper tree.
Signed-off-by: Petr Holasek <pholasek@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Izik Eidus <izik.eidus@ravellosystems.com>
Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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We now provide an option for users who don't want to specify physical
memory address in kernel commandline.
/*
* For movablemem_map=acpi:
*
* SRAT: |_____| |_____| |_________| |_________| ......
* node id: 0 1 1 2
* hotpluggable: n y y n
* movablemem_map: |_____| |_________|
*
* Using movablemem_map, we can prevent memblock from allocating memory
* on ZONE_MOVABLE at boot time.
*/
So user just specify movablemem_map=acpi, and the kernel will use
hotpluggable info in SRAT to determine which memory ranges should be set
as ZONE_MOVABLE.
If all the memory ranges in SRAT is hotpluggable, then no memory can be
used by kernel. But before parsing SRAT, memblock has already reserve
some memory ranges for other purposes, such as for kernel image, and so
on. We cannot prevent kernel from using these memory. So we need to
exclude these ranges even if these memory is hotpluggable.
Furthermore, there could be several memory ranges in the single node
which the kernel resides in. We may skip one range that have memory
reserved by memblock, but if the rest of memory is too small, then the
kernel will fail to boot. So, make the whole node which the kernel
resides in un-hotpluggable. Then the kernel has enough memory to use.
NOTE: Using this way will cause NUMA performance down because the
whole node will be set as ZONE_MOVABLE, and kernel cannot use memory
on it. If users don't want to lose NUMA performance, just don't use
it.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warning]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use strcmp()]
Signed-off-by: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Cc: Jianguo Wu <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Cc: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Wu Jianguo <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: "Brown, Len" <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Add functions to parse movablemem_map boot option. Since the option
could be specified more then once, all the maps will be stored in the
global variable movablemem_map.map array.
And also, we keep the array in monotonic increasing order by start_pfn.
And merge all overlapped ranges.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: improve comment]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: checkpatch fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded parens]
Signed-off-by: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Wu Jianguo <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 mm changes from Peter Anvin:
"This is a huge set of several partly interrelated (and concurrently
developed) changes, which is why the branch history is messier than
one would like.
The *really* big items are two humonguous patchsets mostly developed
by Yinghai Lu at my request, which completely revamps the way we
create initial page tables. In particular, rather than estimating how
much memory we will need for page tables and then build them into that
memory -- a calculation that has shown to be incredibly fragile -- we
now build them (on 64 bits) with the aid of a "pseudo-linear mode" --
a #PF handler which creates temporary page tables on demand.
This has several advantages:
1. It makes it much easier to support things that need access to data
very early (a followon patchset uses this to load microcode way
early in the kernel startup).
2. It allows the kernel and all the kernel data objects to be invoked
from above the 4 GB limit. This allows kdump to work on very large
systems.
3. It greatly reduces the difference between Xen and native (Xen's
equivalent of the #PF handler are the temporary page tables created
by the domain builder), eliminating a bunch of fragile hooks.
The patch series also gets us a bit closer to W^X.
Additional work in this pull is the 64-bit get_user() work which you
were also involved with, and a bunch of cleanups/speedups to
__phys_addr()/__pa()."
* 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (105 commits)
x86, mm: Move reserving low memory later in initialization
x86, doc: Clarify the use of asm("%edx") in uaccess.h
x86, mm: Redesign get_user with a __builtin_choose_expr hack
x86: Be consistent with data size in getuser.S
x86, mm: Use a bitfield to mask nuisance get_user() warnings
x86/kvm: Fix compile warning in kvm_register_steal_time()
x86-32: Add support for 64bit get_user()
x86-32, mm: Remove reference to alloc_remap()
x86-32, mm: Remove reference to resume_map_numa_kva()
x86-32, mm: Rip out x86_32 NUMA remapping code
x86/numa: Use __pa_nodebug() instead
x86: Don't panic if can not alloc buffer for swiotlb
mm: Add alloc_bootmem_low_pages_nopanic()
x86, 64bit, mm: hibernate use generic mapping_init
x86, 64bit, mm: Mark data/bss/brk to nx
x86: Merge early kernel reserve for 32bit and 64bit
x86: Add Crash kernel low reservation
x86, kdump: Remove crashkernel range find limit for 64bit
memblock: Add memblock_mem_size()
x86, boot: Not need to check setup_header version for setup_data
...
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During kdump kernel's booting stage, it need to find low ram for
swiotlb buffer when system does not support intel iommu/dmar remapping.
kexed-tools is appending memmap=exactmap and range from /proc/iomem
with "Crash kernel", and that range is above 4G for 64bit after boot
protocol 2.12.
We need to add another range in /proc/iomem like "Crash kernel low",
so kexec-tools could find that info and append to kdump kernel
command line.
Try to reserve some under 4G if the normal "Crash kernel" is above 4G.
User could specify the size with crashkernel_low=XX[KMG].
-v2: fix warning that is found by Fengguang's test robot.
-v3: move out get_mem_size change to another patch, to solve compiling
warning that is found by Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
-v4: user must specify crashkernel_low if system does not support
intel or amd iommu.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-31-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.org
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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Now 64bit entry is fixed on 0x200, can not be changed anymore.
Update the comments to reflect that.
Also put info about it in boot.txt
-v2: fix some grammar error
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-27-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.org
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/hid
Pull HID subsystem updates from Jiri Kosina:
"HID subsystem and drivers update. Highlights:
- new support of a group of Win7/Win8 multitouch devices, from
Benjamin Tissoires
- fix for compat interface brokenness in uhid, from Dmitry Torokhov
- conversion of drivers to use hid_driver helper, by H Hartley
Sweeten
- HID over I2C transport received ACPI enumeration support, written
by Mika Westerberg
- there is an ongoing effort to make HID sensor hubs independent of
USB transport. The first self-contained part of this work is
provided here, done by Mika Westerberg
- a few smaller fixes here and there, support for a couple new
devices added"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/hid: (43 commits)
HID: Correct Logitech order in hid-ids.h
HID: LG4FF: Remove unnecessary deadzone code
HID: LG: Prevent the Logitech Gaming Wheels deadzone
HID: LG: Fix detection of Logitech Speed Force Wireless (WiiWheel)
HID: LG: Add support for Logitech Momo Force (Red) Wheel
HID: hidraw: print message when succesfully initialized
HID: logitech: split accel, brake for Driving Force wheel
HID: logitech: add report descriptor for Driving Force wheel
HID: add ThingM blink(1) USB RGB LED support
HID: uhid: make creating devices work on 64/32 systems
HID: wiimote: fix nunchuck button parser
HID: blacklist Velleman data acquisition boards
HID: sensor-hub: don't limit the driver only to USB bus
HID: sensor-hub: get rid of unused sensor_hub_grabbed_usages[] table
HID: extend autodetect to handle I2C sensors as well
HID: ntrig: use input_configured() callback to set the name
HID: multitouch: do not use pointers towards hid-core
HID: add missing GENERIC_HARDIRQ dependency
HID: multitouch: make MT_CLS_ALWAYS_TRUE the new default class
HID: multitouch: fix protocol for Elo panels
...
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Conflicts:
drivers/hid/hid-core.c
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This patch to the SRW-S1 driver adds the ability to control all
LEDs simultaneously as testing showed that it was slow (noticably!!)
when seting or clearing all the LEDs in turn.
It adds a 'RPMALL' LED, whose behavoir is asserted to all the LEDs in
the bar graph, individual LEDs can subsequently be turned on/off
individually.
Signed-off-by: Simon Wood <simon@mungewell.org>
Tested-by: John Murphy <rosegardener@freeode.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
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This patch to the SRW-S1 driver adds support for the LED RPM
meter on the front of the device. The LEDs are controlled via
/sys/class/leds interface, with an individual control for each
of the 15 LEDs.
Signed-off-by: Simon Wood <simon@mungewell.org>
Tested-by: John Murphy <rosegardener@freeode.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
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'for-3.9/thingm' and 'for-3.9/upstream' into for-linus
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The ThingM blink(1) is an open source hardware USB RGB LED. It contains
an internal EEPROM, allowing to configure up to 12 light patterns. A
light pattern is a RGB color plus a fade time. This driver registers a
LED class instance with additional sysfs attributes to support basic
functions such as setting RGB colors, fade and playing. Other functions
are still accessible through the hidraw interface.
At this time, the only documentation for the device is the firmware
source code from ThingM, plus a few schematics. They are available at:
https://github.com/todbot/blink1
This patch is version 3. It updates the name of the source file, the
driver and the led sysfs entry, according to comments from Jiri Kosina
and Simon Wood.
Signed-off-by: Vivien Didelot <vivien.didelot@savoirfairelinux.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial
Pull trivial tree from Jiri Kosina:
"Assorted tiny fixes queued in trivial tree"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial: (22 commits)
DocBook: update EXPORT_SYMBOL entry to point at export.h
Documentation: update top level 00-INDEX file with new additions
ARM: at91/ide: remove unsused at91-ide Kconfig entry
percpu_counter.h: comment code for better readability
x86, efi: fix comment typo in head_32.S
IB: cxgb3: delay freeing mem untill entirely done with it
net: mvneta: remove unneeded version.h include
time: x86: report_lost_ticks doesn't exist any more
pcmcia: avoid static analysis complaint about use-after-free
fs/jfs: Fix typo in comment : 'how may' -> 'how many'
of: add missing documentation for of_platform_populate()
btrfs: remove unnecessary cur_trans set before goto loop in join_transaction
sound: soc: Fix typo in sound/codecs
treewide: Fix typo in various drivers
btrfs: fix comment typos
Update ibmvscsi module name in Kconfig.
powerpc: fix typo (utilties -> utilities)
of: fix spelling mistake in comment
h8300: Fix home page URL in h8300/README
xtensa: Fix home page URL in Kconfig
...
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Previously we used to get EXPORT_SYMBOL and friends from
module.h but we moved away from that since module.h largely
includes the entire header space one way or another.
As most users just wanted the simple export related macros,
they were spun off into a separate new header -- export.h
Update the docs to reflect that.
Suggested-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Acked-by: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
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It seems there are about 80 new, but undocumented addtions at
the top level Documentation directory. This fixes up the top
level 00-INDEX by adding new entries and deleting a couple orphans.
Some subdirs could probably still use a check/cleanup too though.
Acked-by: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
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Conflicts:
drivers/devfreq/exynos4_bus.c
Sync with Linus' tree to be able to apply patches that are
against newer code (mvneta).
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'report_lost_ticks' parameter has been removed back in 2007 through
1489939f0ab ("time: x86_64: convert x86_64 to use GENERIC_TIME").
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
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This reverts commit cba5dd7fa535b7684cba68e17ac8be5b0083dc3d.
Commit cba5dd7fa535b7684cba68e17ac8be5b0083dc3d duplicates
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu#/node entry.
Commit 657348a056eea4a27be20cf8e22c98a252597447 has already added it.
Signed-off-by: Kusanagi Kouichi <slash@ac.auone-net.jp>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
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Merge misc patches from Andrew Morton:
- Florian has vanished so I appear to have become fbdev maintainer
again :(
- Joel and Mark are distracted to welcome to the new OCFS2 maintainer
- The backlight queue
- Small core kernel changes
- lib/ updates
- The rtc queue
- Various random bits
* akpm: (164 commits)
rtc: rtc-davinci: use devm_*() functions
rtc: rtc-max8997: use devm_request_threaded_irq()
rtc: rtc-max8907: use devm_request_threaded_irq()
rtc: rtc-da9052: use devm_request_threaded_irq()
rtc: rtc-wm831x: use devm_request_threaded_irq()
rtc: rtc-tps80031: use devm_request_threaded_irq()
rtc: rtc-lp8788: use devm_request_threaded_irq()
rtc: rtc-coh901331: use devm_clk_get()
rtc: rtc-vt8500: use devm_*() functions
rtc: rtc-tps6586x: use devm_request_threaded_irq()
rtc: rtc-imxdi: use devm_clk_get()
rtc: rtc-cmos: use dev_warn()/dev_dbg() instead of printk()/pr_debug()
rtc: rtc-pcf8583: use dev_warn() instead of printk()
rtc: rtc-sun4v: use pr_warn() instead of printk()
rtc: rtc-vr41xx: use dev_info() instead of printk()
rtc: rtc-rs5c313: use pr_err() instead of printk()
rtc: rtc-at91rm9200: use dev_dbg()/dev_err() instead of printk()/pr_debug()
rtc: rtc-rs5c372: use dev_dbg()/dev_warn() instead of printk()/pr_debug()
rtc: rtc-ds2404: use dev_err() instead of printk()
rtc: rtc-efi: use dev_err()/dev_warn()/pr_err() instead of printk()
...
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LP8557 is one of LP855x family device, but it has different register map
and initialization process. To support this device, device specific
configuration is done through the lp855x_device_config structure.
Few register definitions are fixed for better readability.
BRIGHTNESS_CTRL -> LP855X_BRIGHTNESS_CTRL
DEVICE_CTRL -> LP855X_DEVICE_CTRL
EEPROM_START -> LP855X_EEPROM_START
EEPROM_END -> LP855X_EEPROM_END
EPROM_START -> LP8556_EPROM_START
EPROM_END -> LP8556_EPROM_END
And LP8557 register definitions are added. New register function,
lp855x_update_bit() is added.
Signed-off-by: Milo(Woogyom) Kim <milo.kim@ti.com>
Acked-by: Jingoo Han <jg1.han@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Add the %pa format specifier for printing a phys_addr_t type and its
derivative types (such as resource_size_t), since the physical address
size on some platforms can vary based on build options, regardless of
the native integer type.
Signed-off-by: Stepan Moskovchenko <stepanm@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Andrei Emeltchenko <andrei.emeltchenko@intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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After I came across a help text for SUNGEM mentioning a broken sun.com
URL, I felt like fixing those up, as they are now pointing to oracle.com
URLs.
Signed-off-by: Christian Kujau <lists@nerdbynature.de>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This patchset ("stable page writes, part 2") makes some key
modifications to the original 'stable page writes' patchset. First, it
provides creators (devices and filesystems) of a backing_dev_info a flag
that declares whether or not it is necessary to ensure that page
contents cannot change during writeout. It is no longer assumed that
this is true of all devices (which was never true anyway). Second, the
flag is used to relaxed the wait_on_page_writeback calls so that wait
only occurs if the device needs it. Third, it fixes up the remaining
disk-backed filesystems to use this improved conditional-wait logic to
provide stable page writes on those filesystems.
It is hoped that (for people not using checksumming devices, anyway)
this patchset will give back unnecessary performance decreases since the
original stable page write patchset went into 3.0. Sorry about not
fixing it sooner.
Complaints were registered by several people about the long write
latencies introduced by the original stable page write patchset.
Generally speaking, the kernel ought to allocate as little extra memory
as possible to facilitate writeout, but for people who simply cannot
wait, a second page stability strategy is (re)introduced: snapshotting
page contents. The waiting behavior is still the default strategy; to
enable page snapshotting, a superblock flag (MS_SNAP_STABLE) must be
set. This flag is used to bandaid^Henable stable page writeback on
ext3[1], and is not used anywhere else.
Given that there are already a few storage devices and network FSes that
have rolled their own page stability wait/page snapshot code, it would
be nice to move towards consolidating all of these. It seems possible
that iscsi and raid5 may wish to use the new stable page write support
to enable zero-copy writeout.
Thank you to Jan Kara for helping fix a couple more filesystems.
Per Andrew Morton's request, here are the result of using dbench to measure
latencies on ext2:
3.8.0-rc3:
Operation Count AvgLat MaxLat
----------------------------------------
WriteX 109347 0.028 59.817
ReadX 347180 0.004 3.391
Flush 15514 29.828 287.283
Throughput 57.429 MB/sec 4 clients 4 procs max_latency=287.290 ms
3.8.0-rc3 + patches:
WriteX 105556 0.029 4.273
ReadX 335004 0.005 4.112
Flush 14982 30.540 298.634
Throughput 55.4496 MB/sec 4 clients 4 procs max_latency=298.650 ms
As you can see, for ext2 the maximum write latency decreases from ~60ms
on a laptop hard disk to ~4ms. I'm not sure why the flush latencies
increase, though I suspect that being able to dirty pages faster gives
the flusher more work to do.
On ext4, the average write latency decreases as well as all the maximum
latencies:
3.8.0-rc3:
WriteX 85624 0.152 33.078
ReadX 272090 0.010 61.210
Flush 12129 36.219 168.260
Throughput 44.8618 MB/sec 4 clients 4 procs max_latency=168.276 ms
3.8.0-rc3 + patches:
WriteX 86082 0.141 30.928
ReadX 273358 0.010 36.124
Flush 12214 34.800 165.689
Throughput 44.9941 MB/sec 4 clients 4 procs max_latency=165.722 ms
XFS seems to exhibit similar latency improvements as ext2:
3.8.0-rc3:
WriteX 125739 0.028 104.343
ReadX 399070 0.005 4.115
Flush 17851 25.004 131.390
Throughput 66.0024 MB/sec 4 clients 4 procs max_latency=131.406 ms
3.8.0-rc3 + patches:
WriteX 123529 0.028 6.299
ReadX 392434 0.005 4.287
Flush 17549 25.120 188.687
Throughput 64.9113 MB/sec 4 clients 4 procs max_latency=188.704 ms
...and btrfs, just to round things out, also shows some latency
decreases:
3.8.0-rc3:
WriteX 67122 0.083 82.355
ReadX 212719 0.005 2.828
Flush 9547 47.561 147.418
Throughput 35.3391 MB/sec 4 clients 4 procs max_latency=147.433 ms
3.8.0-rc3 + patches:
WriteX 64898 0.101 71.631
ReadX 206673 0.005 7.123
Flush 9190 47.963 219.034
Throughput 34.0795 MB/sec 4 clients 4 procs max_latency=219.044 ms
Before this patchset, all filesystems would block, regardless of whether
or not it was necessary. ext3 would wait, but still generate occasional
checksum errors. The network filesystems were left to do their own
thing, so they'd wait too.
After this patchset, all the disk filesystems except ext3 and btrfs will
wait only if the hardware requires it. ext3 (if necessary) snapshots
pages instead of blocking, and btrfs provides its own bdi so the mm will
never wait. Network filesystems haven't been touched, so either they
provide their own wait code, or they don't block at all. The blocking
behavior is back to what it was before 3.0 if you don't have a disk
requiring stable page writes.
This patchset has been tested on 3.8.0-rc3 on x64 with ext3, ext4, and
xfs. I've spot-checked 3.8.0-rc4 and seem to be getting the same
results as -rc3.
[1] The alternative fixes to ext3 include fixing the locking order and
page bit handling like we did for ext4 (but then why not just use
ext4?), or setting PG_writeback so early that ext3 becomes extremely
slow. I tried that, but the number of write()s I could initiate dropped
by nearly an order of magnitude. That was a bit much even for the
author of the stable page series! :)
This patch:
Creates a per-backing-device flag that tracks whether or not pages must
be held immutable during writeout. Eventually it will be used to waive
wait_for_page_writeback() if nothing requires stable pages.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <dedekind1@gmail.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@gmail.com>
Cc: Ron Minnich <rminnich@sandia.gov>
Cc: Latchesar Ionkov <lucho@ionkov.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Pull ARM virtualization changes:
"This contains parts of the ARM KVM support that have dependencies on
other patches merged through the arm-soc tree. In combination with
patches coming through Russell's tree, this will finally add full
support for the kernel based virtual machine on ARM, which has been
awaited for some time now.
Further, we now have a separate platform for virtual machines and qemu
booting that is used by both Xen and KVM, separating these from the
Versatile Express reference implementation. Obviously, this new
platform is multiplatform capable so it can be combined with existing
machines in the same kernel."
* tag 'virt' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (38 commits)
ARM: arch_timer: include linux/errno.h
arm: arch_timer: add missing inline in stub function
ARM: KVM: arch_timers: Wire the init code and config option
ARM: KVM: arch_timers: Add timer world switch
ARM: KVM: arch_timers: Add guest timer core support
ARM: KVM: Add VGIC configuration option
ARM: KVM: VGIC initialisation code
ARM: KVM: VGIC control interface world switch
ARM: KVM: VGIC interrupt injection
ARM: KVM: vgic: retire queued, disabled interrupts
ARM: KVM: VGIC virtual CPU interface management
ARM: KVM: VGIC distributor handling
ARM: KVM: VGIC accept vcpu and dist base addresses from user space
ARM: KVM: Initial VGIC infrastructure code
ARM: KVM: Keep track of currently running vcpus
KVM: ARM: Introduce KVM_ARM_SET_DEVICE_ADDR ioctl
ARM: gic: add __ASSEMBLY__ guard to C definitions
ARM: gic: define GICH offsets for VGIC support
ARM: gic: add missing distributor defintions
ARM: mach-virt: fixup machine descriptor after removal of sys_timer
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/maz/arm-platforms into next/virt
From Marc Zyngier, this branch enables virtual GIC and timer for KVM/ARM.
* 'kvm-arm/timer' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/maz/arm-platforms:
ARM: KVM: arch_timers: Wire the init code and config option
ARM: KVM: arch_timers: Add timer world switch
ARM: KVM: arch_timers: Add guest timer core support
ARM: KVM: Add VGIC configuration option
ARM: KVM: VGIC initialisation code
ARM: KVM: VGIC control interface world switch
ARM: KVM: VGIC interrupt injection
ARM: KVM: vgic: retire queued, disabled interrupts
ARM: KVM: VGIC virtual CPU interface management
ARM: KVM: VGIC distributor handling
ARM: KVM: VGIC accept vcpu and dist base addresses from user space
ARM: KVM: Initial VGIC infrastructure code
ARM: KVM: Keep track of currently running vcpus
KVM: ARM: Introduce KVM_ARM_SET_DEVICE_ADDR ioctl
ARM: gic: add __ASSEMBLY__ guard to C definitions
ARM: gic: define GICH offsets for VGIC support
ARM: gic: add missing distributor defintions
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/will/linux into kvm-arm/timer
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User space defines the model to emulate to a guest and should therefore
decide which addresses are used for both the virtual CPU interface
directly mapped in the guest physical address space and for the emulated
distributor interface, which is mapped in software by the in-kernel VGIC
support.
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
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On ARM some bits are specific to the model being emulated for the guest and
user space needs a way to tell the kernel about those bits. An example is mmio
device base addresses, where KVM must know the base address for a given device
to properly emulate mmio accesses within a certain address range or directly
map a device with virtualiation extensions into the guest address space.
We make this API ARM-specific as we haven't yet reached a consensus for a
generic API for all KVM architectures that will allow us to do something like
this.
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/will/linux into next/virt
From Will Deacon:
This set of changes moves the arch-timer driver out from arch/arm/ and
into drivers/clocksource and unifies the new driver with the arm64 copy.
* 'for-arm-soc/arch-timers' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/will/linux:
ARM: arch_timers: switch to physical timers if HYP mode is available
Documentation: Add ARMv8 to arch_timer devicetree
arm64: move from arm_generic to arm_arch_timer
arm64: arm_generic: prevent reading stale time
arm: arch_timer: move core to drivers/clocksource
arm: arch_timer: add arch_counter_set_user_access
arm: arch_timer: divorce from local_timer api
arm: arch_timer: add isbs to register accessors
arm: arch_timer: factor out register accessors
arm: arch_timer: split cntfrq accessor
arm: arch_timer: standardise counter reading
arm: arch_timer: use u64/u32 for register data
arm: arch_timer: remove redundant available check
arm: arch_timer: balance device_node refcounting
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
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git://linux-arm.org/linux-mr into for-arm-soc/arch-timers
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Currently the documentation for the arch_timer devicetree binding only
lists "arm,armv7-timer".
Add "arm,armv8-timer" to the list of compatible strings.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/will/linux into next/virt
* 'for-rmk/virt/kvm/core' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/will/linux:
KVM: ARM: Add maintainer entry for KVM/ARM
KVM: ARM: Power State Coordination Interface implementation
KVM: ARM: Handle I/O aborts
KVM: ARM: Handle guest faults in KVM
KVM: ARM: VFP userspace interface
KVM: ARM: Demux CCSIDR in the userspace API
KVM: ARM: User space API for getting/setting co-proc registers
KVM: ARM: Emulation framework and CP15 emulation
KVM: ARM: World-switch implementation
KVM: ARM: Inject IRQs and FIQs from userspace
KVM: ARM: Memory virtualization setup
KVM: ARM: Hypervisor initialization
KVM: ARM: Initial skeleton to compile KVM support
ARM: Section based HYP idmap
ARM: Add page table and page defines needed by KVM
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Pull ARM SoC device tree conversions from Arnd Bergmann:
"These are device tree conversions for a number of platforms, with the
intention of turning code from board files into device tree
descriptions. Notable changes are:
- davinci bindings for pinctrl, MTD, RTC, watchdog and i2c
- nomadik bindings for all devices, removing the board files
- bcm2835 bindings for mmc and i2c
- tegra bindings for hdmi, keyboard, audio, as well as some updates
- at91 bindings for hardware ecc and for devices on RM9200
- mxs bindings for cfa100xx
- sunxi support for Miniand Hackberry board"
* tag 'dt' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (72 commits)
Revert "sunxi: a10-cubieboard: Add user LEDs to the device tree"
Revert "sunxi: a13-olinuxino: Add user LED to the device tree"
clk: tegra: initialise parent of uart clocks
ARM: tegra: remove clock-frequency properties from serial nodes
clk: tegra: fix driver to match DT binding
clk: tegra: local arrays should be static
clk: tegra: Add missing spinlock for hclk and pclk
clk: tegra: Implement locking for super clock
clk: tegra: fix wrong clock index between se to sata_cold
sunxi: a13-olinuxino: Add user LED to the device tree
ARM: davinci: da850 DT: add support for machine reboot
ARM: davinci: da850: add wdt DT node
ARM: davinci: da850: add DT node for I2C0
ARM: at91: at91sam9n12: add DT parameters to enable PMECC
ARM: at91: at91sam9x5: add DT parameters to enable PMECC
ARM: at91: add EMAC bindings to RM9200 DT
ARM: at91: add SSC bindings to RM9200 DT
ARM: at91: add MMC bindings to RM9200 DT
ARM: at91: Animeo IP: enable watchdog support
ARM: nomadik: fix OF compilation regression
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/swarren/linux-tegra into next/dt
From Stephen Warren:
ARM: tegra: device tree updates
Numerous updates to the various Tegra device trees are made:
* Addition of NVIDIA Beaver (Tegra30) and Toradex Colibri T20 and Iris
carrier boards.
* Enablement of the HDMI connector on most boards.
* Enablement of the keyboard controller on a few boards.
* Addition of the AC'97 controller to Tegra20.
* Addition of a GPIO poweroff node for TrimSlice.
* Changes to support the new "high speed UART" (DMA-capable) driver for
Tegra serial ports, and enablement for Cardhu's UART C.
* A few cleanups, such as compatible flag fixes, node renames, node
ordering fixes, commonizing properties into SoC .dtsi files, etc..
This pull request is based on (most of) the previous pull request with
tag tegra-for-3.9-soc-t114.
* tag 'tegra-for-3.9-dt' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/swarren/linux-tegra: (22 commits)
ARM: dt: tegra30: Rename "smmu" to "iommu"
ARM: dt: tegra20: Rename "gart" to "iommu"
ARM: tegra: move serial clock-frequency attr into the Tegra30 dtsi
ARM: tegra: Add Toradex Iris carrier board DT with T20 512MB COM
ARM: tegra: Add Colibri T20 512MB COM device tree
ARM: tegra: move serial clock-frequency attr into the Tegra20 dtsi
ARM: tegra: harmony: enable keyboard in DT
ARM: tegra: whistler: enable keyboard in DT
ARM: tegra: cardhu: register UARTC
ARM: tegra: seaboard: enable keyboard in DT
ARM: tegra: add DT entry for KBC controller
ARM: tegra: swap cache-/interrupt-ctrlr nodes in DT
ASoC: tegra: add ac97 host controller to device tree
ARM: DT: tegra: Add Tegra30 Beaver board support
ARM: DT: tegra: Add board level compatible properties
ARM: tegra: paz00: enable HDMI port
ARM: tegra: ventana: enable HDMI port
ARM: tegra: seaboard: enable HDMI port
ARM: tegra: trimslice: add gpio-poweroff node to DT
ARM: DT: tegra: Unify the description of Tegra20 boards
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This adds the device tree for the Toradex Iris carrier board used
together with a Colibri T20 512MB COM.
The Iris has the following features, in brackets the current status:
- DVI and VGA output through DVI-I connector (DVI-D enabled and tested)
- LVDS output
- 1 USB host port (enabled and tested)
- 1 USB OTG port (enabled)
- 100 MBit Ethernet (enabled and tested)
- 5 UART ports (2 on 10way headers enabled and tested)
- 1 MicroSD Slot (enabled and tested)
- Audio connectors (enabled, only HP out and Line-in tested)
- i2c RTC
- GPIO connector (enabled, only sparsely tested)
- external i2c bus
- 4 PWM out
- analog in
Signed-off-by: Lucas Stach <dev@lynxeye.de>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
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This adds the device tree include file for the Toradex Colibri T20
Computer on Module (COM). It's only valid for the 512MB RAM version of
the module, as the 256MB version needs different EMC tables and flash
configuration. To make this clear the suffix -512 was added to the board
compatible string.
The Colibri T20 uses a Tegra20 SoC and has onboard USB Ethernet and AC97
sound.
Still some things like onboard NAND support missing, but should be a
good base for further development.
Signed-off-by: Lucas Stach <dev@lynxeye.de>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
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This patch adds support for Tegra30 Beaver board in upstream kernel.
Beaver board is a Tegra30 SoC based development board, it has
following features:
- T30 or T33 SoC (Qual core ARM Cortex A9)
- 2 GB DDR3L
- 16 GB EMMC
- 1 SD slot
- 1 USB Standart A port and 1 USB micro AB port
- PCI-E Gig Ethernet
- Audio input/output
- SATA port
- HDMI output
- UART and JTAG
Signed-off-by: Bryan Wu <pengw@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
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The compatible properties of Tegra SoC based boards or machines need
to be documented. This patch adds these board levle compatible
properties into device tree binding document.
Signed-off-by: Bryan Wu <pengw@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
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Linux 3.8-rc6
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-nomadik into next/dt
From Linus Walleij:
Nomadik Device Tree conversion rebased on ARM SoC cleanup branch
This patch set converts the Nomadik (mach-nomadik) to
Device Tree and delete the old board files, paving the
road for single zImage.
* tag 'nmk-dt-on-cleanups' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-nomadik:
ARM: nomadik: get rid of <mach/hardware.h>
ARM: nomadik: delete old board files
ARM: nomadik: add I2C devices to the device tree
ARM: nomadik: migrate MMC/SD card support to device tree
ARM: nomadik: convert SMSC91x ethernet to device tree
ARM: nomadik: move GPIO and pinctrl to device tree
ARM: nomadik: add FSMC NAND
ARM: nomadik: move remaining PrimeCells to device tree
ARM: nomadik: move pin maps to cpu file
ARM: nomadik: initial devicetree support
ARM: nomadik: move last custom calls to pinctrl
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
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This moves over the MMC/SD card support to the device tree probe
path. The special GPIO to bias the card detect line is kept,
but the pin property is moved to the device tree as part of
the MMC/SD card node.
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
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This converts the SMSC91x ethernet controller to use device
tree. The existing solution from the board file, to request the
GPIO triggering the ethernet IRQ from the board file is kept
for the time being, but the GPIO number assignment is moved
over to the device tree.
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
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This adds the FSMC NAND driver and flash partitions to the Nomadik
device tree.
The only compatible string accepted by this driver is currently
"st,spear600-fsmc-nand" which is inappropriate for this system, so
this patch adds the compatible value "stericsson,fsmc-nand" as
well.
Cc: linux-mtd@vger.kernel.org
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <dedekind1@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
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Support basic device tree boot on the Nomadik. Implement the
support in the cpu file with the intent of deleting the board
files later. At this stage IRQ controllers, system timer,
l2x0 cache, UARTs and thus console boot is fully functional.
Patch out the code adding devices by initcalls for now so
as not to disturb the boot.
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
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Pull ARM SoC-specific updates from Arnd Bergmann:
"This is a larger set of new functionality for the existing SoC
families, including:
- vt8500 gains support for new CPU cores, notably the Cortex-A9 based
wm8850
- prima2 gains support for the "marco" SoC family, its SMP based
cousin
- tegra gains support for the new Tegra4 (Tegra114) family
- socfpga now supports a newer version of the hardware including SMP
- i.mx31 and bcm2835 are now using DT probing for their clocks
- lots of updates for sh-mobile
- OMAP updates for clocks, power management and USB
- i.mx6q and tegra now support cpuidle
- kirkwood now supports PCIe hot plugging
- tegra clock support is updated
- tegra USB PHY probing gets implemented diffently"
* tag 'soc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (148 commits)
ARM: prima2: remove duplicate v7_invalidate_l1
ARM: shmobile: r8a7779: Correct TMU clock support again
ARM: prima2: fix __init section for cpu hotplug
ARM: OMAP: Consolidate OMAP USB-HS platform data (part 3/3)
ARM: OMAP: Consolidate OMAP USB-HS platform data (part 1/3)
arm: socfpga: Add SMP support for actual socfpga harware
arm: Add v7_invalidate_l1 to cache-v7.S
arm: socfpga: Add entries to enable make dtbs socfpga
arm: socfpga: Add new device tree source for actual socfpga HW
ARM: tegra: sort Kconfig selects for Tegra114
ARM: tegra: enable ARCH_REQUIRE_GPIOLIB for Tegra114
ARM: tegra: Fix build error w/ ARCH_TEGRA_114_SOC w/o ARCH_TEGRA_3x_SOC
ARM: tegra: Fix build error for gic update
ARM: tegra: remove empty tegra_smp_init_cpus()
ARM: shmobile: Register ARM architected timer
ARM: MARCO: fix the build issue due to gic-vic-to-irqchip move
ARM: shmobile: r8a7779: Correct TMU clock support
ARM: mxs_defconfig: Select CONFIG_DEVTMPFS_MOUNT
ARM: mxs: decrease mxs_clockevent_device.min_delta_ns to 2 clock cycles
ARM: mxs: use apbx bus clock to drive the timers on timrotv2
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tmlind/linux-omap into next/soc
These changes contain the OMAP USB related platform data changes
that were dropped from linux next because of the merge conflicts
as requested by me and Olof. The reason was that at this point
we really should be able to do the arch/arm related changes
separately from driver changes to avoid dependencies between
branches.
These patches were initially part of the USB related MFD patches.
Based on our comments, Roger Quadros quickly reworked these
patches into a shared branch between ARM SoC tree and the MFD
tree, then separate patches for the OMAP platform data and
MFD driver.
Note that this branch will conflict with c1d1cd597fc7
("ARM: OMAP2+: omap_device: remove obsolete pm_lats and
early_device code"). Please see http://lkml.org/lkml/2013/2/11/16
for the merge resolution.
[arnd - resolved the merge conflict]
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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