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* s390: mm: convert to GENERIC_IOREMAPBaoquan He2023-08-183-56/+23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | By taking GENERIC_IOREMAP method, the generic generic_ioremap_prot(), generic_iounmap(), and their generic wrapper ioremap_prot(), ioremap() and iounmap() are all visible and available to arch. Arch needs to provide wrapper functions to override the generic versions if there's arch specific handling in its ioremap_prot(), ioremap() or iounmap(). This change will simplify implementation by removing duplicated code with generic_ioremap_prot() and generic_iounmap(), and has the equivalent functioality as before. Here, add wrapper functions ioremap_prot() and iounmap() for s390's special operation when ioremap() and iounmap(). And also replace including <asm-generic/io.h> with <asm/io.h> in arch/s390/kernel/perf_cpum_sf.c, otherwise building error will be seen because macro defined in <asm/io.h> can't be seen in perf_cpum_sf.c. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230706154520.11257-11-bhe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com> Tested-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@quicinc.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@ACULAB.COM> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se> Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com> Cc: Stefan Kristiansson <stefan.kristiansson@saunalahti.fi> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* s390: add pte_free_defer() for pgtables sharing pageHugh Dickins2023-08-182-12/+72
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add s390-specific pte_free_defer(), to free table page via call_rcu(). pte_free_defer() will be called inside khugepaged's retract_page_tables() loop, where allocating extra memory cannot be relied upon. This precedes the generic version to avoid build breakage from incompatible pgtable_t. This version is more complicated than others: because s390 fits two 2K page tables into one 4K page (so page->rcu_head must be shared between both halves), and already uses page->lru (which page->rcu_head overlays) to list any free halves; with clever management by page->_refcount bits. Build upon the existing management, adjusted to follow a new rule: that a page is never on the free list if pte_free_defer() was used on either half (marked by PageActive). And for simplicity, delay calling RCU until both halves are freed. Not adding back unallocated fragments to the list in pte_free_defer() can result in wasting some amount of memory for pagetables, depending on how long the allocated fragment will stay in use. In practice, this effect is expected to be insignificant, and not justify a far more complex approach, which might allow to add the fragments back later in __tlb_remove_table(), where we might not have a stable mm any more. [hughd@google.com: Claudio finds warning on mm_has_pgste() more useful than on mm_alloc_pgste()] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/3bc095ba-a180-ce3b-82b1-2bfc64612f3@google.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/94eccf5f-264c-8abe-4567-e77f4b4e14a@google.com Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Reviewed-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com> Tested-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Cc: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Huang, Ying <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com> Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Song Liu <song@kernel.org> Cc: Steven Price <steven.price@arm.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Thomas Hellström <thomas.hellstrom@linux.intel.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Cc: Zack Rusin <zackr@vmware.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* arch/*/configs/*defconfig: Replace AUTOFS4_FS by AUTOFS_FSSven Joachim2023-07-292-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit a2225d931f75 ("autofs: remove left-over autofs4 stubs") promised the removal of the fs/autofs/Kconfig fragment for AUTOFS4_FS within a couple of releases, but five years later this still has not happened yet, and AUTOFS4_FS is still enabled in 63 defconfigs. Get rid of it mechanically: git grep -l CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS -- '*defconfig' | xargs sed -i 's/AUTOFS4_FS/AUTOFS_FS/' Also just remove the AUTOFS4_FS config option stub. Anybody who hasn't regenerated their config file in the last five years will need to just get the new name right when they do. Signed-off-by: Sven Joachim <svenjoac@gmx.de> Acked-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvmLinus Torvalds2023-07-232-2/+7
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pull kvm fixes from Paolo Bonzini: "ARM: - Avoid pKVM finalization if KVM initialization fails - Add missing BTI instructions in the hypervisor, fixing an early boot failure on BTI systems - Handle MMU notifiers correctly for non hugepage-aligned memslots - Work around a bug in the architecture where hypervisor timer controls have UNKNOWN behavior under nested virt - Disable preemption in kvm_arch_hardware_enable(), fixing a kernel BUG in cpu hotplug resulting from per-CPU accessor sanity checking - Make WFI emulation on GICv4 systems robust w.r.t. preemption, consistently requesting a doorbell interrupt on vcpu_put() - Uphold RES0 sysreg behavior when emulating older PMU versions - Avoid macro expansion when initializing PMU register names, ensuring the tracepoints pretty-print the sysreg s390: - Two fixes for asynchronous destroy x86 fixes will come early next week" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: KVM: s390: pv: fix index value of replaced ASCE KVM: s390: pv: simplify shutdown and fix race KVM: arm64: Fix the name of sys_reg_desc related to PMU KVM: arm64: Correctly handle RES0 bits PMEVTYPER<n>_EL0.evtCount KVM: arm64: vgic-v4: Make the doorbell request robust w.r.t preemption KVM: arm64: Add missing BTI instructions KVM: arm64: Correctly handle page aging notifiers for unaligned memslot KVM: arm64: Disable preemption in kvm_arch_hardware_enable() KVM: arm64: Handle kvm_arm_init failure correctly in finalize_pkvm KVM: arm64: timers: Use CNTHCTL_EL2 when setting non-CNTKCTL_EL1 bits
| * KVM: s390: pv: fix index value of replaced ASCEClaudio Imbrenda2023-07-181-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The index field of the struct page corresponding to a guest ASCE should be 0. When replacing the ASCE in s390_replace_asce(), the index of the new ASCE should also be set to 0. Having the wrong index might lead to the wrong addresses being passed around when notifying pte invalidations, and eventually to validity intercepts (VM crash) if the prefix gets unmapped and the notifier gets called with the wrong address. Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org> Fixes: faa2f72cb356 ("KVM: s390: pv: leak the topmost page table when destroy fails") Reviewed-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Message-ID: <20230705111937.33472-3-imbrenda@linux.ibm.com>
| * KVM: s390: pv: simplify shutdown and fix raceClaudio Imbrenda2023-07-181-2/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Simplify the shutdown of non-protected VMs. There is no need to do complex manipulations of the counter if it was zero. This also fixes a very rare race which caused pages to be torn down from the address space with a non-zero counter even on older machines that don't support the UVC instruction, causing a crash. Reported-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com> Fixes: fb491d5500a7 ("KVM: s390: pv: asynchronous destroy for reboot") Reviewed-by: Nico Boehr <nrb@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Message-ID: <20230705111937.33472-2-imbrenda@linux.ibm.com>
* | s390/crypto: use kfree_sensitive() instead of kfree()Wang Ming2023-07-201-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | key might contain private part of the key, so better use kfree_sensitive() to free it. Signed-off-by: Wang Ming <machel@vivo.com> Reviewed-by: Harald Freudenberger <freude@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230717094533.18418-1-machel@vivo.com Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
* | s390/mm: fix per vma lock fault handlingSven Schnelle2023-07-181-0/+2
|/ | | | | | | | | | | With per-vma locks, handle_mm_fault() may return non-fatal error flags. In this case the code should reset the fault flags before returning. Fixes: e06f47a16573 ("s390/mm: try VMA lock-based page fault handling first") Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
* Merge tag 's390-6.5-2' of ↵Linus Torvalds2023-07-0648-225/+193
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux Pull more s390 updates from Alexander Gordeev: - Fix virtual vs physical address confusion in vmem_add_range() and vmem_remove_range() functions - Include <linux/io.h> instead of <asm/io.h> and <asm-generic/io.h> throughout s390 code - Make all PSW related defines also available for assembler files. Remove PSW_DEFAULT_KEY define from uapi for that - When adding an undefined symbol the build still succeeds, but userspace crashes trying to execute VDSO, because the symbol is not resolved. Add undefined symbols check to prevent that - Use kvmalloc_array() instead of kzalloc() for allocaton of 256k memory when executing s390 crypto adapter IOCTL - Add -fPIE flag to prevent decompressor misaligned symbol build error with clang - Use .balign instead of .align everywhere. This is a no-op for s390, but with this there no mix in using .align and .balign anymore - Filter out -mno-pic-data-is-text-relative flag when compiling kernel to prevent VDSO build error - Rework entering of DAT-on mode on CPU restart to use PSW_KERNEL_BITS mask directly - Do not retry administrative requests to some s390 crypto cards, since the firmware assumes replay attacks - Remove most of the debug code, which is build in when kernel config option CONFIG_ZCRYPT_DEBUG is enabled - Remove CONFIG_ZCRYPT_MULTIDEVNODES kernel config option and switch off the multiple devices support for the s390 zcrypt device driver - With the conversion to generic entry machine checks are accounted to the current context instead of irq time. As result, the STCKF instruction at the beginning of the machine check handler and the lowcore member are no longer required, therefore remove it - Fix various typos found with codespell - Minor cleanups to CPU-measurement Counter and Sampling Facilities code - Revert patch that removes VMEM_MAX_PHYS macro, since it causes a regression * tag 's390-6.5-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux: (25 commits) Revert "s390/mm: get rid of VMEM_MAX_PHYS macro" s390/cpum_sf: remove check on CPU being online s390/cpum_sf: handle casts consistently s390/cpum_sf: remove unnecessary debug statement s390/cpum_sf: remove parameter in call to pr_err s390/cpum_sf: simplify function setup_pmu_cpu s390/cpum_cf: remove unneeded debug statements s390/entry: remove mcck clock s390: fix various typos s390/zcrypt: remove ZCRYPT_MULTIDEVNODES kernel config option s390/zcrypt: do not retry administrative requests s390/zcrypt: cleanup some debug code s390/entry: rework entering DAT-on mode on CPU restart s390/mm: fence off VM macros from asm and linker s390: include linux/io.h instead of asm/io.h s390/ptrace: make all psw related defines also available for asm s390/ptrace: remove PSW_DEFAULT_KEY from uapi s390/vdso: filter out mno-pic-data-is-text-relative cflag s390: consistently use .balign instead of .align s390/decompressor: fix misaligned symbol build error ...
| * Revert "s390/mm: get rid of VMEM_MAX_PHYS macro"Alexander Gordeev2023-07-044-2/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This reverts commit 456be42aa713e7f83b467db66ceae779431c7d9d. The assumption VMEM_MAX_PHYS should match ident_map_size is wrong. At least discontiguous saved segments (DCSS) could be loaded at addresses beyond ident_map_size and dcssblk device driver might fail as result. Reported-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/cpum_sf: remove check on CPU being onlineThomas Richter2023-07-041-4/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | During sampling event initialization, a check is done if that particular CPU the event is to be installed on is actually online. This check is not necessary, as it is also performed in the system call entry point. Therefore remove this check. No functional change. Signed-off-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/cpum_sf: handle casts consistentlyThomas Richter2023-07-041-13/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The casts are written in two different notations: (cast) expression and (cast)expression Convert statements with the first notation to the second notation. No functional change. Signed-off-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/cpum_sf: remove unnecessary debug statementThomas Richter2023-07-041-3/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove debug_sprint_event() statement right after an pr_err() statement. No additional debug information is generated. No functional change. Signed-off-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/cpum_sf: remove parameter in call to pr_errThomas Richter2023-07-041-4/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The op argument is hardcoded in the parameter list of function pr_err. Make the op code part of the text printed by pr_err. No functional change. Signed-off-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/cpum_sf: simplify function setup_pmu_cpuThomas Richter2023-07-041-10/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Print the error message when the FAILURE flag is set. This saves on pr_err statement as the text of the error message is identical in both failures. Also observe reverse Xmas tree variable declarations in this function. No functional change. Signed-off-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/cpum_cf: remove unneeded debug statementsThomas Richter2023-07-041-30/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove most debug statements which are not needed anymore from the CPU Measurement counter facility device driver. Signed-off-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/entry: remove mcck clockSven Schnelle2023-07-033-4/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In the past machine checks where accounted as irq time. With the conversion to generic entry, it was decided to account machine checks to the current context. The stckf at the beginning of the machine check handler and the lowcore member is no longer required, therefore remove it. Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390: fix various typosHeiko Carstens2023-07-0324-31/+31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix various typos found with codespell. Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/entry: rework entering DAT-on mode on CPU restartAlexander Gordeev2023-07-031-3/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Instead of enforcing PSW_MASK_DAT bit on previously stored in lowcore restart_psw.mask use the PSW_KERNEL_BITS mask (which contains PSW_MASK_DAT) directly. As result, the PSW mask stored in lowcore is only used to enter the CPU restart routine, while PSW_KERNEL_BITS is used to enter the kernel code - similarily to commit 64ea2977add2 ("s390/mm: start kernel with DAT enabled"). Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/mm: fence off VM macros from asm and linkerAlexander Gordeev2023-07-031-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Prevent assembler and linker scripts compilation errors by fencing it off with __ASSEMBLY__ define. Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390: include linux/io.h instead of asm/io.hHeiko Carstens2023-07-0311-13/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Include linux/io.h instead of asm/io.h everywhere. linux/io.h includes asm/io.h, so this shouldn't cause any problems. Instead this might help for some randconfig build errors which were reported due to some undefined io related functions. Also move the changed include so it stays grouped together with other includes from the same directory. For ctcm_mpc.c also remove not needed comments (actually questions). Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/ptrace: make all psw related defines also available for asmHeiko Carstens2023-07-032-85/+84
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Use the _AC() macro to make all psw related defines also available for assembler files. Acked-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/ptrace: remove PSW_DEFAULT_KEY from uapiHeiko Carstens2023-07-033-5/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Move PSW_DEFAULT_KEY from uapi/asm/ptrace.h to asm/ptrace.h. This is possible, since it depends on PAGE_DEFAULT_ACC which is not part of uapi. Or in other words: this define cannot be used without error. Therefore remove it from uapi. Acked-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/vdso: filter out mno-pic-data-is-text-relative cflagSumanth Korikkar2023-06-282-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | cmd_vdso_check checks if there are any dynamic relocations in vdso64.so.dbg. When kernel is compiled with -mno-pic-data-is-text-relative, R_390_RELATIVE relocs are generated and this results in kernel build error. kpatch uses -mno-pic-data-is-text-relative option when building the kernel to prevent relative addressing between code and data. The flag avoids relocation error when klp text and data are too far apart kpatch does not patch vdso code and hence the mno-pic-data-is-text-relative flag is not essential. Signed-off-by: Sumanth Korikkar <sumanthk@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Ilya Leoshkevich <iii@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390: consistently use .balign instead of .alignHeiko Carstens2023-06-287-17/+17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The .align directive has inconsistent behavior across architectures. Use .balign instead everywhere. This is a no-op for s390, but with this there is no mix in using .align and .balign anymore. Future code is supposed to use only .balign. Reviewed-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/decompressor: fix misaligned symbol build errorHeiko Carstens2023-06-281-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Nathan Chancellor reported a kernel build error on Fedora 39: $ clang --version | head -1 clang version 16.0.5 (Fedora 16.0.5-1.fc39) $ s390x-linux-gnu-ld --version | head -1 GNU ld version 2.40-1.fc39 $ make -skj"$(nproc)" ARCH=s390 CC=clang CROSS_COMPILE=s390x-linux-gnu- olddefconfig all s390x-linux-gnu-ld: arch/s390/boot/startup.o(.text+0x5b4): misaligned symbol `_decompressor_end' (0x35b0f) for relocation R_390_PC32DBL make[3]: *** [.../arch/s390/boot/Makefile:78: arch/s390/boot/vmlinux] Error 1 It turned out that the problem with misaligned symbols on s390 was fixed with commit 80ddf5ce1c92 ("s390: always build relocatable kernel") for the kernel image, but did not take into account that the decompressor uses its own set of CFLAGS, which come without -fPIE. Add the -fPIE flag also to the decompresser CFLAGS to fix this. Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Reported-by: CKI <cki-project@redhat.com> Suggested-by: Ulrich Weigand <Ulrich.Weigand@de.ibm.com> Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1747 Link: https://lore.kernel.org/32935.123062114500601371@us-mta-9.us.mimecast.lan/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230622125508.1068457-1-hca@linux.ibm.com Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/vdso: check for undefined symbols after buildSven Schnelle2023-06-282-2/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When adding an undefined symbol the build still succeeds, but userspace is crashing trying to execute vdso because the undefined symbol is not resolved. Add the check for undefined symbols to prevent this. Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/mm: do not include <asm-generic/io.h> directlyBaoquan He2023-06-281-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | We should always include <asm/io.h> in ARCH, but not <asm-generic/io.h> directly. Otherwise, macro defined by ARCH won't be seen and could cause building error. Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202306100105.8GHnoMCP-lkp@intel.com/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/ZIWrtFMUnRfVP5h0@MiWiFi-R3L-srv/ Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> [agordeev@linux.ibm.com changed patch description] Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/vmem: fix virtual vs physical address confusionAlexander Gordeev2023-06-281-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix virtual vs physical address confusion (which currently are the same). Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
| * s390/mm: get rid of VMEM_MAX_PHYS macroAlexander Gordeev2023-06-284-5/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | VMEM_MAX_PHYS is supposed to be the highest physical address that can be added to the identity mapping. It should match ident_map_size, which has the same meaning. However, unlike ident_map_size it is not adjusted against various limiting factors (see the comment to setup_ident_map_size() function). That renders all checks against VMEM_MAX_PHYS invalid. Further, VMEM_MAX_PHYS is currently set to vmemmap, which is an address in virtual memory space. However, it gets compared against physical addresses in various locations. That works, because both address spaces are the same on s390, but otherwise it is wrong. Instead of fixing VMEM_MAX_PHYS misuse and semantics just remove it. Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
* | Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvmLinus Torvalds2023-07-037-41/+174
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini: "ARM64: - Eager page splitting optimization for dirty logging, optionally allowing for a VM to avoid the cost of hugepage splitting in the stage-2 fault path. - Arm FF-A proxy for pKVM, allowing a pKVM host to safely interact with services that live in the Secure world. pKVM intervenes on FF-A calls to guarantee the host doesn't misuse memory donated to the hyp or a pKVM guest. - Support for running the split hypervisor with VHE enabled, known as 'hVHE' mode. This is extremely useful for testing the split hypervisor on VHE-only systems, and paves the way for new use cases that depend on having two TTBRs available at EL2. - Generalized framework for configurable ID registers from userspace. KVM/arm64 currently prevents arbitrary CPU feature set configuration from userspace, but the intent is to relax this limitation and allow userspace to select a feature set consistent with the CPU. - Enable the use of Branch Target Identification (FEAT_BTI) in the hypervisor. - Use a separate set of pointer authentication keys for the hypervisor when running in protected mode, as the host is untrusted at runtime. - Ensure timer IRQs are consistently released in the init failure paths. - Avoid trapping CTR_EL0 on systems with Enhanced Virtualization Traps (FEAT_EVT), as it is a register commonly read from userspace. - Erratum workaround for the upcoming AmpereOne part, which has broken hardware A/D state management. RISC-V: - Redirect AMO load/store misaligned traps to KVM guest - Trap-n-emulate AIA in-kernel irqchip for KVM guest - Svnapot support for KVM Guest s390: - New uvdevice secret API - CMM selftest and fixes - fix racy access to target CPU for diag 9c x86: - Fix missing/incorrect #GP checks on ENCLS - Use standard mmu_notifier hooks for handling APIC access page - Drop now unnecessary TR/TSS load after VM-Exit on AMD - Print more descriptive information about the status of SEV and SEV-ES during module load - Add a test for splitting and reconstituting hugepages during and after dirty logging - Add support for CPU pinning in demand paging test - Add support for AMD PerfMonV2, with a variety of cleanups and minor fixes included along the way - Add a "nx_huge_pages=never" option to effectively avoid creating NX hugepage recovery threads (because nx_huge_pages=off can be toggled at runtime) - Move handling of PAT out of MTRR code and dedup SVM+VMX code - Fix output of PIC poll command emulation when there's an interrupt - Add a maintainer's handbook to document KVM x86 processes, preferred coding style, testing expectations, etc. - Misc cleanups, fixes and comments Generic: - Miscellaneous bugfixes and cleanups Selftests: - Generate dependency files so that partial rebuilds work as expected" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (153 commits) Documentation/process: Add a maintainer handbook for KVM x86 Documentation/process: Add a label for the tip tree handbook's coding style KVM: arm64: Fix misuse of KVM_ARM_VCPU_POWER_OFF bit index RISC-V: KVM: Remove unneeded semicolon RISC-V: KVM: Allow Svnapot extension for Guest/VM riscv: kvm: define vcpu_sbi_ext_pmu in header RISC-V: KVM: Expose IMSIC registers as attributes of AIA irqchip RISC-V: KVM: Add in-kernel virtualization of AIA IMSIC RISC-V: KVM: Expose APLIC registers as attributes of AIA irqchip RISC-V: KVM: Add in-kernel emulation of AIA APLIC RISC-V: KVM: Implement device interface for AIA irqchip RISC-V: KVM: Skeletal in-kernel AIA irqchip support RISC-V: KVM: Set kvm_riscv_aia_nr_hgei to zero RISC-V: KVM: Add APLIC related defines RISC-V: KVM: Add IMSIC related defines RISC-V: KVM: Implement guest external interrupt line management KVM: x86: Remove PRIx* definitions as they are solely for user space s390/uv: Update query for secret-UVCs s390/uv: replace scnprintf with sysfs_emit s390/uvdevice: Add 'Lock Secret Store' UVC ...
| * \ Merge tag 'kvm-s390-next-6.5-1' of ↵Paolo Bonzini2023-07-017-41/+174
| |\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kvms390/linux into HEAD * New uvdevice secret API * New CMM selftest * cmm fix * diag 9c racy access of target cpu fix
| | * | s390/uv: Update query for secret-UVCsSteffen Eiden2023-06-163-2/+55
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Update the query struct such that secret-UVC related information can be parsed. Add sysfs files for these new values. 'supp_add_secret_req_ver' notes the supported versions for the Add Secret UVC. Bit 0 indicates that version 0x100 is supported, bit 1 indicates 0x200, and so on. 'supp_add_secret_pcf' notes the supported plaintext flags for the Add Secret UVC. 'supp_secret_types' notes the supported types of secrets. Bit 0 indicates secret type 1, bit 1 indicates type 2, and so on. 'max_secrets' notes the maximum amount of secrets the secret store can store per pv guest. Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230615100533.3996107-8-seiden@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Message-Id: <20230615100533.3996107-8-seiden@linux.ibm.com>
| | * | s390/uv: replace scnprintf with sysfs_emitSteffen Eiden2023-06-161-32/+26
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Replace scnprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE, ...) with the page size aware sysfs_emit(buf, ...) which adds some sanity checks. Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230615100533.3996107-7-seiden@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Message-Id: <20230615100533.3996107-7-seiden@linux.ibm.com>
| | * | s390/uvdevice: Add 'Lock Secret Store' UVCSteffen Eiden2023-06-162-0/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Userspace can call the Lock Secret Store Ultravisor Call using IOCTLs on the uvdevice. The Lock Secret Store UV call disables all additions of secrets for the future. The uvdevice is merely transporting the request from userspace to the Ultravisor. Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230615100533.3996107-6-seiden@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Message-Id: <20230615100533.3996107-6-seiden@linux.ibm.com>
| | * | s390/uvdevice: Add 'List Secrets' UVCSteffen Eiden2023-06-162-0/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Userspace can call the List Secrets Ultravisor Call using IOCTLs on the uvdevice. The List Secrets UV call lists the identifier of the secrets in the UV secret store. The uvdevice is merely transporting the request from userspace to Ultravisor. It's neither checking nor manipulating the request or response data. Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230615100533.3996107-5-seiden@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Message-Id: <20230615100533.3996107-5-seiden@linux.ibm.com>
| | * | s390/uvdevice: Add 'Add Secret' UVCSteffen Eiden2023-06-162-0/+18
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Userspace can call the Add Secret Ultravisor Call using IOCTLs on the uvdevice. The Add Secret UV call sends an encrypted and cryptographically verified request to the Ultravisor. The request inserts a protected guest's secret into the Ultravisor for later use. The uvdevice is merely transporting the request from userspace to the Ultravisor. It's neither checking nor manipulating the request data. Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230615100533.3996107-4-seiden@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Message-Id: <20230615100533.3996107-4-seiden@linux.ibm.com>
| | * | s390/uvdevice: Add info IOCTLSteffen Eiden2023-06-161-1/+41
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add an IOCTL that allows userspace to find out which IOCTLs the uvdevice supports without trial and error. Explicitly expose the IOCTL nr for the request types. Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230615100533.3996107-3-seiden@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Message-Id: <20230615100533.3996107-3-seiden@linux.ibm.com>
| | * | s390/uv: Always export uv_infoSteffen Eiden2023-06-161-1/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | KVM needs the struct's values to be able to provide PV support. The uvdevice is currently guest only and will need the struct's values for call support checking and potential future expansions. As uv.c is only compiled with CONFIG_PGSTE or CONFIG_PROTECTED_VIRTUALIZATION_GUEST we don't need a second check in the code. Users of uv_info will need to fence for these two config options for the time being. Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230615100533.3996107-2-seiden@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Message-Id: <20230615100533.3996107-2-seiden@linux.ibm.com>
| | * | KVM: s390/diag: fix racy access of physical cpu number in diag 9c handlerChristian Borntraeger2023-06-161-3/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | We do check for target CPU == -1, but this might change at the time we are going to use it. Hold the physical target CPU in a local variable to avoid out-of-bound accesses to the cpu arrays. Cc: Pierre Morel <pmorel@linux.ibm.com> Fixes: 87e28a15c42c ("KVM: s390: diag9c (directed yield) forwarding") Reported-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Nico Boehr <nrb@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Pierre Morel <pmorel@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com>
| | * | KVM: s390: vsie: fix the length of APCB bitmapPierre Morel2023-06-161-2/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | bit_and() uses the count of bits as the woking length. Fix the previous implementation and effectively use the right bitmap size. Fixes: 19fd83a64718 ("KVM: s390: vsie: allow CRYCB FORMAT-1") Fixes: 56019f9aca22 ("KVM: s390: vsie: Allow CRYCB FORMAT-2") Signed-off-by: Pierre Morel <pmorel@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/20230511094719.9691-1-pmorel@linux.ibm.com/ Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com>
| | * | KVM: s390: fix KVM_S390_GET_CMMA_BITS for GFNs in memslot holesNico Boehr2023-06-131-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The KVM_S390_GET_CMMA_BITS ioctl may return incorrect values when userspace specifies a start_gfn outside of memslots. This can occur when a VM has multiple memslots with a hole in between: +-----+----------+--------+--------+ | ... | Slot N-1 | <hole> | Slot N | +-----+----------+--------+--------+ ^ ^ ^ ^ | | | | GFN A A+B | | A+B+C | A+B+C+D When userspace specifies a GFN in [A+B, A+B+C), it would expect to get the CMMA values of the first dirty page in Slot N. However, userspace may get a start_gfn of A+B+C+D with a count of 0, hence completely skipping over any dirty pages in slot N. The error is in kvm_s390_next_dirty_cmma(), which assumes gfn_to_memslot_approx() will return the memslot _below_ the specified GFN when the specified GFN lies outside a memslot. In reality it may return either the memslot below or above the specified GFN. When a memslot above the specified GFN is returned this happens: - ofs is calculated, but since the memslot's base_gfn is larger than the specified cur_gfn, ofs will underflow to a huge number. - ofs is passed to find_next_bit(). Since ofs will exceed the memslot's number of pages, the number of pages in the memslot is returned, completely skipping over all bits in the memslot userspace would be interested in. Fix this by resetting ofs to zero when a memslot _above_ cur_gfn is returned (cur_gfn < ms->base_gfn). Signed-off-by: Nico Boehr <nrb@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Fixes: afdad61615cc ("KVM: s390: Fix storage attributes migration with memory slots") Message-Id: <20230324145424.293889-2-nrb@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com>
* | | | Merge branch 'expand-stack'Linus Torvalds2023-06-281-2/+3
|\ \ \ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This modifies our user mode stack expansion code to always take the mmap_lock for writing before modifying the VM layout. It's actually something we always technically should have done, but because we didn't strictly need it, we were being lazy ("opportunistic" sounds so much better, doesn't it?) about things, and had this hack in place where we would extend the stack vma in-place without doing the proper locking. And it worked fine. We just needed to change vm_start (or, in the case of grow-up stacks, vm_end) and together with some special ad-hoc locking using the anon_vma lock and the mm->page_table_lock, it all was fairly straightforward. That is, it was all fine until Ruihan Li pointed out that now that the vma layout uses the maple tree code, we *really* don't just change vm_start and vm_end any more, and the locking really is broken. Oops. It's not actually all _that_ horrible to fix this once and for all, and do proper locking, but it's a bit painful. We have basically three different cases of stack expansion, and they all work just a bit differently: - the common and obvious case is the page fault handling. It's actually fairly simple and straightforward, except for the fact that we have something like 24 different versions of it, and you end up in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike. - the simplest case is the execve() code that creates a new stack. There are no real locking concerns because it's all in a private new VM that hasn't been exposed to anybody, but lockdep still can end up unhappy if you get it wrong. - and finally, we have GUP and page pinning, which shouldn't really be expanding the stack in the first place, but in addition to execve() we also use it for ptrace(). And debuggers do want to possibly access memory under the stack pointer and thus need to be able to expand the stack as a special case. None of these cases are exactly complicated, but the page fault case in particular is just repeated slightly differently many many times. And ia64 in particular has a fairly complicated situation where you can have both a regular grow-down stack _and_ a special grow-up stack for the register backing store. So to make this slightly more manageable, the bulk of this series is to first create a helper function for the most common page fault case, and convert all the straightforward architectures to it. Thus the new 'lock_mm_and_find_vma()' helper function, which ends up being used by x86, arm, powerpc, mips, riscv, alpha, arc, csky, hexagon, loongarch, nios2, sh, sparc32, and xtensa. So we not only convert more than half the architectures, we now have more shared code and avoid some of those twisty little passages. And largely due to this common helper function, the full diffstat of this series ends up deleting more lines than it adds. That still leaves eight architectures (ia64, m68k, microblaze, openrisc, parisc, s390, sparc64 and um) that end up doing 'expand_stack()' manually because they are doing something slightly different from the normal pattern. Along with the couple of special cases in execve() and GUP. So there's a couple of patches that first create 'locked' helper versions of the stack expansion functions, so that there's a obvious path forward in the conversion. The execve() case is then actually pretty simple, and is a nice cleanup from our old "grow-up stackls are special, because at execve time even they grow down". The #ifdef CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP in that code just goes away, because it's just more straightforward to write out the stack expansion there manually, instead od having get_user_pages_remote() do it for us in some situations but not others and have to worry about locking rules for GUP. And the final step is then to just convert the remaining odd cases to a new world order where 'expand_stack()' is called with the mmap_lock held for reading, but where it might drop it and upgrade it to a write, only to return with it held for reading (in the success case) or with it completely dropped (in the failure case). In the process, we remove all the stack expansion from GUP (where dropping the lock wouldn't be ok without special rules anyway), and add it in manually to __access_remote_vm() for ptrace(). Thanks to Adrian Glaubitz and Frank Scheiner who tested the ia64 cases. Everything else here felt pretty straightforward, but the ia64 rules for stack expansion are really quite odd and very different from everything else. Also thanks to Vegard Nossum who caught me getting one of those odd conditions entirely the wrong way around. Anyway, I think I want to actually move all the stack expansion code to a whole new file of its own, rather than have it split up between mm/mmap.c and mm/memory.c, but since this will have to be backported to the initial maple tree vma introduction anyway, I tried to keep the patches _fairly_ minimal. Also, while I don't think it's valid to expand the stack from GUP, the final patch in here is a "warn if some crazy GUP user wants to try to expand the stack" patch. That one will be reverted before the final release, but it's left to catch any odd cases during the merge window and release candidates. Reported-by: Ruihan Li <lrh2000@pku.edu.cn> * branch 'expand-stack': gup: add warning if some caller would seem to want stack expansion mm: always expand the stack with the mmap write lock held execve: expand new process stack manually ahead of time mm: make find_extend_vma() fail if write lock not held powerpc/mm: convert coprocessor fault to lock_mm_and_find_vma() mm/fault: convert remaining simple cases to lock_mm_and_find_vma() arm/mm: Convert to using lock_mm_and_find_vma() riscv/mm: Convert to using lock_mm_and_find_vma() mips/mm: Convert to using lock_mm_and_find_vma() powerpc/mm: Convert to using lock_mm_and_find_vma() arm64/mm: Convert to using lock_mm_and_find_vma() mm: make the page fault mmap locking killable mm: introduce new 'lock_mm_and_find_vma()' page fault helper
| * | | | mm: always expand the stack with the mmap write lock heldLinus Torvalds2023-06-271-2/+3
| |/ / / | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This finishes the job of always holding the mmap write lock when extending the user stack vma, and removes the 'write_locked' argument from the vm helper functions again. For some cases, we just avoid expanding the stack at all: drivers and page pinning really shouldn't be extending any stacks. Let's see if any strange users really wanted that. It's worth noting that architectures that weren't converted to the new lock_mm_and_find_vma() helper function are left using the legacy "expand_stack()" function, but it has been changed to drop the mmap_lock and take it for writing while expanding the vma. This makes it fairly straightforward to convert the remaining architectures. As a result of dropping and re-taking the lock, the calling conventions for this function have also changed, since the old vma may no longer be valid. So it will now return the new vma if successful, and NULL - and the lock dropped - if the area could not be extended. Tested-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com> Tested-by: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> # ia64 Tested-by: Frank Scheiner <frank.scheiner@web.de> # ia64 Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | | | Merge tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2023-06-24-19-23' of ↵Linus Torvalds2023-06-282-5/+0
|\ \ \ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull non-mm updates from Andrew Morton: - Arnd Bergmann has fixed a bunch of -Wmissing-prototypes in top-level directories - Douglas Anderson has added a new "buddy" mode to the hardlockup detector. It permits the detector to work on architectures which cannot provide the required interrupts, by having CPUs periodically perform checks on other CPUs - Zhen Lei has enhanced kexec's ability to support two crash regions - Petr Mladek has done a lot of cleanup on the hard lockup detector's Kconfig entries - And the usual bunch of singleton patches in various places * tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2023-06-24-19-23' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (72 commits) kernel/time/posix-stubs.c: remove duplicated include ocfs2: remove redundant assignment to variable bit_off watchdog/hardlockup: fix typo in config HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PREFER_BUDDY powerpc: move arch_trigger_cpumask_backtrace from nmi.h to irq.h devres: show which resource was invalid in __devm_ioremap_resource() watchdog/hardlockup: define HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH watchdog/sparc64: define HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_SPARC64 watchdog/hardlockup: make HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG sparc64-specific watchdog/hardlockup: declare arch_touch_nmi_watchdog() only in linux/nmi.h watchdog/hardlockup: make the config checks more straightforward watchdog/hardlockup: sort hardlockup detector related config values a logical way watchdog/hardlockup: move SMP barriers from common code to buddy code watchdog/buddy: simplify the dependency for HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PREFER_BUDDY watchdog/buddy: don't copy the cpumask in watchdog_next_cpu() watchdog/buddy: cleanup how watchdog_buddy_check_hardlockup() is called watchdog/hardlockup: remove softlockup comment in touch_nmi_watchdog() watchdog/hardlockup: in watchdog_hardlockup_check() use cpumask_copy() watchdog/hardlockup: don't use raw_cpu_ptr() in watchdog_hardlockup_kick() watchdog/hardlockup: HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG must implement watchdog_hardlockup_probe() watchdog/hardlockup: keep kernel.nmi_watchdog sysctl as 0444 if probe fails ...
| * | | | thread_info: move function declarations to linux/thread_info.hArnd Bergmann2023-06-091-3/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There are a few __weak functions in kernel/fork.c, which architectures can override. If there is no prototype, the compiler warns about them: kernel/fork.c:164:13: error: no previous prototype for 'arch_release_task_struct' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] kernel/fork.c:991:20: error: no previous prototype for 'arch_task_cache_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] kernel/fork.c:1086:12: error: no previous prototype for 'arch_dup_task_struct' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] There are already prototypes in a number of architecture specific headers that have addressed those warnings before, but it's much better to have these in a single place so the warning no longer shows up anywhere. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230517131102.934196-14-arnd@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org> Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com> Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
| * | | | init: consolidate prototypes in linux/init.hArnd Bergmann2023-06-091-2/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The init/main.c file contains some extern declarations for functions defined in architecture code, and it defines some other functions that are called from architecture code with a custom prototype. Both of those result in warnings with 'make W=1': init/calibrate.c:261:37: error: no previous prototype for 'calibrate_delay_is_known' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] init/main.c:790:20: error: no previous prototype for 'mem_encrypt_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] init/main.c:792:20: error: no previous prototype for 'poking_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:122:13: error: no previous prototype for 'init_IRQ' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] arch/arm64/kernel/time.c:55:13: error: no previous prototype for 'time_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] arch/x86/kernel/process.c:935:13: error: no previous prototype for 'arch_post_acpi_subsys_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] init/calibrate.c:261:37: error: no previous prototype for 'calibrate_delay_is_known' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] kernel/fork.c:991:20: error: no previous prototype for 'arch_task_cache_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes] Add prototypes for all of these in include/linux/init.h or another appropriate header, and remove the duplicate declarations from architecture specific code. [sfr@canb.auug.org.au: declare time_init_early()] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519124311.5167221c@canb.auug.org.au Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230517131102.934196-12-arnd@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org> Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com> Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* | | | | Merge tag 'mm-stable-2023-06-24-19-15' of ↵Linus Torvalds2023-06-285-16/+32
|\ \ \ \ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull mm updates from Andrew Morton: - Yosry Ahmed brought back some cgroup v1 stats in OOM logs - Yosry has also eliminated cgroup's atomic rstat flushing - Nhat Pham adds the new cachestat() syscall. It provides userspace with the ability to query pagecache status - a similar concept to mincore() but more powerful and with improved usability - Mel Gorman provides more optimizations for compaction, reducing the prevalence of page rescanning - Lorenzo Stoakes has done some maintanance work on the get_user_pages() interface - Liam Howlett continues with cleanups and maintenance work to the maple tree code. Peng Zhang also does some work on maple tree - Johannes Weiner has done some cleanup work on the compaction code - David Hildenbrand has contributed additional selftests for get_user_pages() - Thomas Gleixner has contributed some maintenance and optimization work for the vmalloc code - Baolin Wang has provided some compaction cleanups, - SeongJae Park continues maintenance work on the DAMON code - Huang Ying has done some maintenance on the swap code's usage of device refcounting - Christoph Hellwig has some cleanups for the filemap/directio code - Ryan Roberts provides two patch series which yield some rationalization of the kernel's access to pte entries - use the provided APIs rather than open-coding accesses - Lorenzo Stoakes has some fixes to the interaction between pagecache and directio access to file mappings - John Hubbard has a series of fixes to the MM selftesting code - ZhangPeng continues the folio conversion campaign - Hugh Dickins has been working on the pagetable handling code, mainly with a view to reducing the load on the mmap_lock - Catalin Marinas has reduced the arm64 kmalloc() minimum alignment from 128 to 8 - Domenico Cerasuolo has improved the zswap reclaim mechanism by reorganizing the LRU management - Matthew Wilcox provides some fixups to make gfs2 work better with the buffer_head code - Vishal Moola also has done some folio conversion work - Matthew Wilcox has removed the remnants of the pagevec code - their functionality is migrated over to struct folio_batch * tag 'mm-stable-2023-06-24-19-15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (380 commits) mm/hugetlb: remove hugetlb_set_page_subpool() mm: nommu: correct the range of mmap_sem_read_lock in task_mem() hugetlb: revert use of page_cache_next_miss() Revert "page cache: fix page_cache_next/prev_miss off by one" mm/vmscan: fix root proactive reclaim unthrottling unbalanced node mm: memcg: rename and document global_reclaim() mm: kill [add|del]_page_to_lru_list() mm: compaction: convert to use a folio in isolate_migratepages_block() mm: zswap: fix double invalidate with exclusive loads mm: remove unnecessary pagevec includes mm: remove references to pagevec mm: rename invalidate_mapping_pagevec to mapping_try_invalidate mm: remove struct pagevec net: convert sunrpc from pagevec to folio_batch i915: convert i915_gpu_error to use a folio_batch pagevec: rename fbatch_count() mm: remove check_move_unevictable_pages() drm: convert drm_gem_put_pages() to use a folio_batch i915: convert shmem_sg_free_table() to use a folio_batch scatterlist: add sg_set_folio() ...
| * | | | | s390: gmap use pte_unmap_unlock() not spin_unlock()Hugh Dickins2023-06-191-11/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | pte_alloc_map_lock() expects to be followed by pte_unmap_unlock(): to keep balance in future, pass ptep as well as ptl to gmap_pte_op_end(), and use pte_unmap_unlock() instead of direct spin_unlock() (even though ptep ends up unused inside the macro). Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/78873af-e1ec-4f9-47ac-483940ac6daa@google.com Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Acked-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: John David Anglin <dave.anglin@bell.net> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
| * | | | | s390: allow pte_offset_map_lock() to failHugh Dickins2023-06-193-4/+19
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In rare transient cases, not yet made possible, pte_offset_map() and pte_offset_map_lock() may not find a page table: handle appropriately. Add comment on mm's contract with s390 above __zap_zero_pages(), and fix old comment there: must be called after THP was disabled. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/3ff29363-336a-9733-12a1-5c31a45c8aeb@google.com Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: John David Anglin <dave.anglin@bell.net> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>