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* Merge tag 'v5.5-rc3' into sched/core, to pick up fixesIngo Molnar2019-12-258-182/+257
|\ | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
| * mm: vmscan: protect shrinker idr replace with CONFIG_MEMCGYang Shi2019-12-171-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Since commit 0a432dcbeb32 ("mm: shrinker: make shrinker not depend on memcg kmem"), shrinkers' idr is protected by CONFIG_MEMCG instead of CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM, so it makes no sense to protect shrinker idr replace with CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM. And in the CONFIG_MEMCG && CONFIG_SLOB case, shrinker_idr contains only shrinker, and it is deferred_split_shrinker. But it is never actually called, since idr_replace() is never compiled due to the wrong #ifdef. The deferred_split_shrinker all the time is staying in half-registered state, and it's never called for subordinate mem cgroups. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1575486978-45249-1-git-send-email-yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com Fixes: 0a432dcbeb32 ("mm: shrinker: make shrinker not depend on memcg kmem") Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Reviewed-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [5.4+] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * kasan: don't assume percpu shadow allocations will succeedDaniel Axtens2019-12-171-10/+38
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | syzkaller and the fault injector showed that I was wrong to assume that we could ignore percpu shadow allocation failures. Handle failures properly. Merge all the allocated areas back into the free list and release the shadow, then clean up and return NULL. The shadow is released unconditionally, which relies upon the fact that the release function is able to tolerate pages not being present. Also clean up shadows in the recovery path - currently they are not released, which leaks a bit of memory. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191205140407.1874-3-dja@axtens.net Fixes: 3c5c3cfb9ef4 ("kasan: support backing vmalloc space with real shadow memory") Signed-off-by: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net> Reported-by: syzbot+82e323920b78d54aaed5@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Reported-by: syzbot+59b7daa4315e07a994f1@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Reviewed-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Cc: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * kasan: use apply_to_existing_page_range() for releasing vmalloc shadowDaniel Axtens2019-12-171-3/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | kasan_release_vmalloc uses apply_to_page_range to release vmalloc shadow. Unfortunately, apply_to_page_range can allocate memory to fill in page table entries, which is not what we want. Also, kasan_release_vmalloc is called under free_vmap_area_lock, so if apply_to_page_range does allocate memory, we get a sleep in atomic bug: BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at mm/page_alloc.c:4681 in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, non_block: 0, pid: 15087, name: Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline] dump_stack+0x199/0x216 lib/dump_stack.c:118 ___might_sleep.cold.97+0x1f5/0x238 kernel/sched/core.c:6800 __might_sleep+0x95/0x190 kernel/sched/core.c:6753 prepare_alloc_pages mm/page_alloc.c:4681 [inline] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x3cd/0x890 mm/page_alloc.c:4730 alloc_pages_current+0x10c/0x210 mm/mempolicy.c:2211 alloc_pages include/linux/gfp.h:532 [inline] __get_free_pages+0xc/0x40 mm/page_alloc.c:4786 __pte_alloc_one_kernel include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h:21 [inline] pte_alloc_one_kernel include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h:33 [inline] __pte_alloc_kernel+0x1d/0x200 mm/memory.c:459 apply_to_pte_range mm/memory.c:2031 [inline] apply_to_pmd_range mm/memory.c:2068 [inline] apply_to_pud_range mm/memory.c:2088 [inline] apply_to_p4d_range mm/memory.c:2108 [inline] apply_to_page_range+0x77d/0xa00 mm/memory.c:2133 kasan_release_vmalloc+0xa7/0xc0 mm/kasan/common.c:970 __purge_vmap_area_lazy+0xcbb/0x1f30 mm/vmalloc.c:1313 try_purge_vmap_area_lazy mm/vmalloc.c:1332 [inline] free_vmap_area_noflush+0x2ca/0x390 mm/vmalloc.c:1368 free_unmap_vmap_area mm/vmalloc.c:1381 [inline] remove_vm_area+0x1cc/0x230 mm/vmalloc.c:2209 vm_remove_mappings mm/vmalloc.c:2236 [inline] __vunmap+0x223/0xa20 mm/vmalloc.c:2299 __vfree+0x3f/0xd0 mm/vmalloc.c:2356 __vmalloc_area_node mm/vmalloc.c:2507 [inline] __vmalloc_node_range+0x5d5/0x810 mm/vmalloc.c:2547 __vmalloc_node mm/vmalloc.c:2607 [inline] __vmalloc_node_flags mm/vmalloc.c:2621 [inline] vzalloc+0x6f/0x80 mm/vmalloc.c:2666 alloc_one_pg_vec_page net/packet/af_packet.c:4233 [inline] alloc_pg_vec net/packet/af_packet.c:4258 [inline] packet_set_ring+0xbc0/0x1b50 net/packet/af_packet.c:4342 packet_setsockopt+0xed7/0x2d90 net/packet/af_packet.c:3695 __sys_setsockopt+0x29b/0x4d0 net/socket.c:2117 __do_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2133 [inline] __se_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2130 [inline] __x64_sys_setsockopt+0xbe/0x150 net/socket.c:2130 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x780 arch/x86/entry/common.c:294 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe Switch to using the apply_to_existing_page_range() helper instead, which won't allocate memory. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/apply_to_existing_pages/apply_to_existing_page_range/] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191205140407.1874-2-dja@axtens.net Fixes: 3c5c3cfb9ef4 ("kasan: support backing vmalloc space with real shadow memory") Signed-off-by: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net> Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Reviewed-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Cc: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * mm/memory.c: add apply_to_existing_page_range() helperDaniel Axtens2019-12-171-42/+94
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | apply_to_page_range() takes an address range, and if any parts of it are not covered by the existing page table hierarchy, it allocates memory to fill them in. In some use cases, this is not what we want - we want to be able to operate exclusively on PTEs that are already in the tables. Add apply_to_existing_page_range() for this. Adjust the walker functions for apply_to_page_range to take 'create', which switches them between the old and new modes. This will be used in KASAN vmalloc. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: reduce code duplication] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/apply_to_existing_pages/apply_to_existing_page_range/] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: initialize __apply_to_page_range::err] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191205140407.1874-1-dja@axtens.net Signed-off-by: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Cc: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net> Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * kasan: fix crashes on access to memory mapped by vm_map_ram()Andrey Ryabinin2019-12-172-54/+58
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | With CONFIG_KASAN_VMALLOC=y any use of memory obtained via vm_map_ram() will crash because there is no shadow backing that memory. Instead of sprinkling additional kasan_populate_vmalloc() calls all over the vmalloc code, move it into alloc_vmap_area(). This will fix vm_map_ram() and simplify the code a bit. [aryabinin@virtuozzo.com: v2] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191205095942.1761-1-aryabinin@virtuozzo.comLink: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191204204534.32202-1-aryabinin@virtuozzo.com Fixes: 3c5c3cfb9ef4 ("kasan: support backing vmalloc space with real shadow memory") Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Reviewed-by: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com> Cc: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Cc: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net> Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)Linus Torvalds2019-12-055-74/+61
| |\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Merge more updates from Andrew Morton: "Most of the rest of MM and various other things. Some Kconfig rework still awaits merges of dependent trees from linux-next. Subsystems affected by this patch series: mm/hotfixes, mm/memcg, mm/vmstat, mm/thp, procfs, sysctl, misc, notifiers, core-kernel, bitops, lib, checkpatch, epoll, binfmt, init, rapidio, uaccess, kcov, ubsan, ipc, bitmap, mm/pagemap" * akpm: (86 commits) mm: remove __ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK and include/asm-generic/4level-fixup.h um: add support for folded p4d page tables um: remove unused pxx_offset_proc() and addr_pte() functions sparc32: use pgtable-nopud instead of 4level-fixup parisc/hugetlb: use pgtable-nopXd instead of 4level-fixup parisc: use pgtable-nopXd instead of 4level-fixup nds32: use pgtable-nopmd instead of 4level-fixup microblaze: use pgtable-nopmd instead of 4level-fixup m68k: mm: use pgtable-nopXd instead of 4level-fixup m68k: nommu: use pgtable-nopud instead of 4level-fixup c6x: use pgtable-nopud instead of 4level-fixup arm: nommu: use pgtable-nopud instead of 4level-fixup alpha: use pgtable-nopud instead of 4level-fixup gpio: pca953x: tighten up indentation gpio: pca953x: convert to use bitmap API gpio: pca953x: use input from regs structure in pca953x_irq_pending() gpio: pca953x: remove redundant variable and check in IRQ handler lib/bitmap: introduce bitmap_replace() helper lib/test_bitmap: fix comment about this file lib/test_bitmap: move exp1 and exp2 upper for others to use ...
| | * mm: remove __ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK and include/asm-generic/4level-fixup.hMike Rapoport2019-12-041-8/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There are no architectures that use include/asm-generic/4level-fixup.h therefore it can be removed along with __ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK define. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1572938135-31886-14-git-send-email-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Anatoly Pugachev <matorola@gmail.com> Cc: Anton Ivanov <anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com> Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Peter Rosin <peda@axentia.se> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Rolf Eike Beer <eike-kernel@sf-tec.de> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Sam Creasey <sammy@sammy.net> Cc: Vincent Chen <deanbo422@gmail.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <Vineet.Gupta1@synopsys.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| | * mm/memory.c: replace is_zero_pfn with is_huge_zero_pmd for thpYu Zhao2019-12-041-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | For hugely mapped thp, we use is_huge_zero_pmd() to check if it's zero page or not. We do fill ptes with my_zero_pfn() when we split zero thp pmd, but this is not what we have in vm_normal_page_pmd() -- pmd_trans_huge_lock() makes sure of it. This is a trivial fix for /proc/pid/numa_maps, and AFAIK nobody complains about it. Gerald Schaefer asked: : Maybe the description could also mention the symptom of this bug? : I would assume that it affects anon/dirty accounting in gather_pte_stats(), : for huge mappings, if zero page mappings are not correctly recognized. I came across this while I was looking at the code, so I'm not aware of any symptom. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191108192629.201556-1-yuzhao@google.com Signed-off-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K . V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com> Cc: Souptick Joarder <jrdr.linux@gmail.com> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| | * mm/memcontrol: use vmstat names for printing statisticsKonstantin Khlebnikov2019-12-042-34/+27
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Use common names from vmstat array when possible. This gives not much difference in code size for now, but should help in keeping interfaces consistent. add/remove: 0/2 grow/shrink: 2/0 up/down: 70/-72 (-2) Function old new delta memory_stat_format 984 1050 +66 memcg_stat_show 957 961 +4 memcg1_event_names 32 - -32 mem_cgroup_lru_names 40 - -40 Total: Before=14485337, After=14485335, chg -0.00% Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/157113012508.453.80391533767219371.stgit@buzz Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru> Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| | * mm/vmstat: add helpers to get vmstat item names for each enum typeKonstantin Khlebnikov2019-12-041-31/+20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Statistics in vmstat is combined from counters with different structure, but names for them are merged into one array. This patch adds trivial helpers to get name for each item: const char *zone_stat_name(enum zone_stat_item item); const char *numa_stat_name(enum numa_stat_item item); const char *node_stat_name(enum node_stat_item item); const char *writeback_stat_name(enum writeback_stat_item item); const char *vm_event_name(enum vm_event_item item); Names for enum writeback_stat_item are folded in the middle of vmstat_text so this patch moves declaration into header to calculate offset of following items. Also this patch reuses piece of node stat names for lru list names: const char *lru_list_name(enum lru_list lru); This returns common lru list names: "inactive_anon", "active_anon", "inactive_file", "active_file", "unevictable". [khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru: do not use size of vmstat_text as count of /proc/vmstat items] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/157152151769.4139.15423465513138349343.stgit@buzz Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/cd1c42ae-281f-c8a8-70ac-1d01d417b2e1@infradead.org/T/#u Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/157113012325.453.562783073839432766.stgit@buzz Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: YueHaibing <yuehaibing@huawei.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| | * mm: memcg/slab: wait for !root kmem_cache refcnt killing on root kmem_cache ↵Roman Gushchin2019-12-041-0/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | destruction Christian reported a warning like the following obtained during running some KVM-related tests on s390: WARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 208 at lib/percpu-refcount.c:108 percpu_ref_exit+0x50/0x58 Modules linked in: kvm(-) xt_CHECKSUM xt_MASQUERADE bonding xt_tcpudp ip6t_rpfilter ip6t_REJECT nf_reject_ipv6 ipt_REJECT nf_reject_ipv4 xt_conntrack ip6table_na> CPU: 8 PID: 208 Comm: kworker/8:1 Not tainted 5.2.0+ #66 Hardware name: IBM 2964 NC9 712 (LPAR) Workqueue: events sysfs_slab_remove_workfn Krnl PSW : 0704e00180000000 0000001529746850 (percpu_ref_exit+0x50/0x58) R:0 T:1 IO:1 EX:1 Key:0 M:1 W:0 P:0 AS:3 CC:2 PM:0 RI:0 EA:3 Krnl GPRS: 00000000ffff8808 0000001529746740 000003f4e30e8e18 0036008100000000 0000001f00000000 0035008100000000 0000001fb3573ab8 0000000000000000 0000001fbdb6de00 0000000000000000 0000001529f01328 0000001fb3573b00 0000001fbb27e000 0000001fbdb69300 000003e009263d00 000003e009263cd0 Krnl Code: 0000001529746842: f0a0000407fe srp 4(11,%r0),2046,0 0000001529746848: 47000700 bc 0,1792 #000000152974684c: a7f40001 brc 15,152974684e >0000001529746850: a7f4fff2 brc 15,1529746834 0000001529746854: 0707 bcr 0,%r7 0000001529746856: 0707 bcr 0,%r7 0000001529746858: eb8ff0580024 stmg %r8,%r15,88(%r15) 000000152974685e: a738ffff lhi %r3,-1 Call Trace: ([<000003e009263d00>] 0x3e009263d00) [<00000015293252ea>] slab_kmem_cache_release+0x3a/0x70 [<0000001529b04882>] kobject_put+0xaa/0xe8 [<000000152918cf28>] process_one_work+0x1e8/0x428 [<000000152918d1b0>] worker_thread+0x48/0x460 [<00000015291942c6>] kthread+0x126/0x160 [<0000001529b22344>] ret_from_fork+0x28/0x30 [<0000001529b2234c>] kernel_thread_starter+0x0/0x10 Last Breaking-Event-Address: [<000000152974684c>] percpu_ref_exit+0x4c/0x58 ---[ end trace b035e7da5788eb09 ]--- The problem occurs because kmem_cache_destroy() is called immediately after deleting of a memcg, so it races with the memcg kmem_cache deactivation. flush_memcg_workqueue() at the beginning of kmem_cache_destroy() is supposed to guarantee that all deactivation processes are finished, but failed to do so. It waits for an rcu grace period, after which all children kmem_caches should be deactivated. During the deactivation percpu_ref_kill() is called for non root kmem_cache refcounters, but it requires yet another rcu grace period to finish the transition to the atomic (dead) state. So in a rare case when not all children kmem_caches are destroyed at the moment when the root kmem_cache is about to be gone, we need to wait another rcu grace period before destroying the root kmem_cache. This issue can be triggered only with dynamically created kmem_caches which are used with memcg accounting. In this case per-memcg child kmem_caches are created. They are deactivated from the cgroup removing path. If the destruction of the root kmem_cache is racing with the removal of the cgroup (both are quite complicated multi-stage processes), the described issue can occur. The only known way to trigger it in the real life, is to unload some kernel module which creates a dedicated kmem_cache, used from different memory cgroups with GFP_ACCOUNT flag. If the unloading happens immediately after calling rmdir on the corresponding cgroup, there is some chance to trigger the issue. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191129025011.3076017-1-guro@fb.com Fixes: f0a3a24b532d ("mm: memcg/slab: rework non-root kmem_cache lifecycle management") Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Reported-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> Tested-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| | * mm/kasan/common.c: fix compile errorzhong jiang2019-12-041-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | I hit the following compile error in arch/x86/ mm/kasan/common.c: In function kasan_populate_vmalloc: mm/kasan/common.c:797:2: error: implicit declaration of function flush_cache_vmap; did you mean flush_rcu_work? [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] flush_cache_vmap(shadow_start, shadow_end); ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ flush_rcu_work cc1: some warnings being treated as errors Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1575363013-43761-1-git-send-email-zhongjiang@huawei.com Fixes: 3c5c3cfb9ef4 ("kasan: support backing vmalloc space with real shadow memory") Signed-off-by: zhong jiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * | Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvmLinus Torvalds2019-12-041-0/+1
| |\ \ | | |/ | |/| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pull more KVM updates from Paolo Bonzini: - PPC secure guest support - small x86 cleanup - fix for an x86-specific out-of-bounds write on a ioctl (not guest triggerable, data not attacker-controlled) * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: kvm: vmx: Stop wasting a page for guest_msrs KVM: x86: fix out-of-bounds write in KVM_GET_EMULATED_CPUID (CVE-2019-19332) Documentation: kvm: Fix mention to number of ioctls classes powerpc: Ultravisor: Add PPC_UV config option KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Support reset of secure guest KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Handle memory plug/unplug to secure VM KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Radix changes for secure guest KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Shared pages support for secure guests KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Support for running secure guests mm: ksm: Export ksm_madvise() KVM x86: Move kvm cpuid support out of svm
| | * mm: ksm: Export ksm_madvise()Bharata B Rao2019-11-281-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | On PEF-enabled POWER platforms that support running of secure guests, secure pages of the guest are represented by device private pages in the host. Such pages needn't participate in KSM merging. This is achieved by using ksm_madvise() call which need to be exported since KVM PPC can be a kernel module. Signed-off-by: Bharata B Rao <bharata@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
* | | sched/rt, mm: Use CONFIG_PREEMPTIONThomas Gleixner2019-12-082-7/+7
|/ / | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CONFIG_PREEMPTION is selected by CONFIG_PREEMPT and by CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT. Both PREEMPT and PREEMPT_RT require the same functionality which today depends on CONFIG_PREEMPT. Switch the pte_unmap_same() and SLUB code over to use CONFIG_PREEMPTION. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Acked-by: Chistoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191015191821.11479-26-bigeasy@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
* | mm/page_io.c: annotate refault stalls from swap_readpageMinchan Kim2019-12-011-2/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If a block device supports rw_page operation, it doesn't submit bios so the annotation in submit_bio() for refault stall doesn't work. It happens with zram in android, especially swap read path which could consume CPU cycle for decompress. It is also a problem for zswap which uses frontswap. Annotate swap_readpage() to account the synchronous IO overhead to prevent underreport memory pressure. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comment, per Johannes] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191010152134.38545-1-minchan@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@google.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@redhat.com> Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/Kconfig: fix trivial help text punctuationRandy Dunlap2019-12-011-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | End a Kconfig help text sentence with a period (aka full stop). Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/c17f2c75-dc2a-42a4-2229-bb6b489addf2@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/Kconfig: fix indentationKrzysztof Kozlowski2019-12-011-19/+19
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Adjust indentation from spaces to tab (+optional two spaces) as in coding style with command like: $ sed -e 's/^ / /' -i */Kconfig Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1574306437-28837-1-git-send-email-krzk@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzk@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Jiri Kosina <trivial@kernel.org> Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/memory_hotplug.c: remove __online_page_set_limits()Souptick Joarder2019-12-011-5/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | __online_page_set_limits() is a dummy function - remove it and all callers. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/8e1bc9d3b492f6bde16e95ebc1dee11d6aefabd7.1567889743.git.jrdr.linux@gmail.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/854db2cf8145d9635249c95584d9a91fd774a229.1567889743.git.jrdr.linux@gmail.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/9afe6c5a18158f3884a6b302ac2c772f3da49ccc.1567889743.git.jrdr.linux@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Souptick Joarder <jrdr.linux@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm: fix typos in comments when calling __SetPageUptodate()Wei Yang2019-12-012-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There are several places emphasise the effect of __SetPageUptodate(), while the comment seems to have a typo in two places. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190926023705.7226-1-richardw.yang@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/shmem.c: cast the type of unmap_start to u64Chen Jun2019-12-011-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In 64bit system. sb->s_maxbytes of shmem filesystem is MAX_LFS_FILESIZE, which equal LLONG_MAX. If offset > LLONG_MAX - PAGE_SIZE, offset + len < LLONG_MAX in shmem_fallocate, which will pass the checking in vfs_fallocate. /* Check for wrap through zero too */ if (((offset + len) > inode->i_sb->s_maxbytes) || ((offset + len) < 0)) return -EFBIG; loff_t unmap_start = round_up(offset, PAGE_SIZE) in shmem_fallocate causes a overflow. Syzkaller reports a overflow problem in mm/shmem: UBSAN: Undefined behaviour in mm/shmem.c:2014:10 signed integer overflow: '9223372036854775807 + 1' cannot be represented in type 'long long int' CPU: 0 PID:17076 Comm: syz-executor0 Not tainted 4.1.46+ #1 Hardware name: linux, dummy-virt (DT) Call trace: dump_backtrace+0x0/0x2c8 arch/arm64/kernel/traps.c:100 show_stack+0x20/0x30 arch/arm64/kernel/traps.c:238 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:15 [inline] ubsan_epilogue+0x18/0x70 lib/ubsan.c:164 handle_overflow+0x158/0x1b0 lib/ubsan.c:195 shmem_fallocate+0x6d0/0x820 mm/shmem.c:2104 vfs_fallocate+0x238/0x428 fs/open.c:312 SYSC_fallocate fs/open.c:335 [inline] SyS_fallocate+0x54/0xc8 fs/open.c:239 The highest bit of unmap_start will be appended with sign bit 1 (overflow) when calculate shmem_falloc.start: shmem_falloc.start = unmap_start >> PAGE_SHIFT. Fix it by casting the type of unmap_start to u64, when right shifted. This bug is found in LTS Linux 4.1. It also seems to exist in mainline. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1573867464-5107-1-git-send-email-chenjun102@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Chen Jun <chenjun102@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm: shmem: use proper gfp flags for shmem_writepage()Yang Shi2019-12-011-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The shmem_writepage() uses GFP_ATOMIC to allocate swap cache. GFP_ATOMIC used to mean __GFP_HIGH, but now it means __GFP_HIGH | __GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. However, shmem_writepage() should write out to swap only in response to memory pressure, so __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM looks useless since the caller may be kswapd itself or in direct reclaim already. In addition, XArray node allocations from PF_MEMALLOC contexts could completely exhaust the page allocator, __GFP_NOMEMALLOC stops emergency reserves from being allocated. Here just copy the gfp flags used by add_to_swap(). Hugh: "a cleanup to make the two calls look the same when they don't need to be different (whereas the call from __read_swap_cache_async() rightly uses a lower priority gfp)". Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1572991351-86061-1-git-send-email-yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/shmem.c: make array 'values' static const, makes object smallerColin Ian King2019-12-011-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Don't populate the array 'values' on the stack but instead make it static const. Makes the object code smaller by 111 bytes. Before: text data bss dec hex filename 108612 11169 512 120293 1d5e5 mm/shmem.o After: text data bss dec hex filename 108437 11233 512 120182 1d576 mm/shmem.o (gcc version 9.2.1, amd64) Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190906143012.28698-1-colin.king@canonical.com Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | userfaultfd: wrap the common dst_vma check into an inlined functionWei Yang2019-12-011-24/+32
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When doing UFFDIO_COPY, it is necessary to find the correct destination vma and make sure fault range is in it. Since there are two places need to do the same task, just wrap those common check into an inlined function. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190927070032.2129-3-richardw.yang@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | userfaultfd: remove unnecessary WARN_ON() in __mcopy_atomic_hugetlb()Wei Yang2019-12-011-5/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | These warning here is to make sure address(dst_addr) and length(len - copied) are huge page size aligned. While this is ensured by: dst_start and len is huge page size aligned dst_addr equals to dst_start and increase huge page size each time copied increase huge page size each time This means these warnings will never be triggered. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190927070032.2129-2-richardw.yang@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | userfaultfd: use vma_pagesize for all huge page size calculationWei Yang2019-12-011-3/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In __mcopy_atomic_hugetlb() we use two variables to deal with huge page size: vma_hpagesize and huge_page_size. Since they are the same, it is not necessary to use two different mechanism. This patch makes it consistent by all using vma_hpagesize. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190927070032.2129-1-richardw.yang@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/madvise.c: use PAGE_ALIGN[ED] for range checkingWei Yang2019-12-011-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Improve readability, no functional change. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191118032857.22683-1-richardw.yang@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/madvise.c: replace with page_size() in madvise_inject_error()Yunfeng Ye2019-12-011-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | page_size() is supported after the commit a50b854e073c ("mm: introduce page_size()"). Use page_size() in madvise_inject_error() for readability. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: use ulong for `size', per David] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/29dce60c-38d6-0220-f292-e298f0c78c4d@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Yunfeng Ye <yeyunfeng@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Hu Shiyuan <hushiyuan@huawei.com> Cc: Feilong Lin <linfeilong@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/mmap.c: make vma_merge() comment more easy to understandWei Yang2019-12-011-9/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Case 1/6, 2/7 and 3/8 have the same pattern and we handle them in the same logic. Rearrange the comment to make it a little easy for audience to understand. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191030012445.16944-1-richardw.yang@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com> Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com> Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Yangtao Li <tiny.windzz@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/hwpoison-inject: use DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE to define debugfs fopszhong jiang2019-12-011-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | It is more clear to use DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE to define debugfs file operation rather than DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1572403660-44718-1-git-send-email-zhongjiang@huawei.com Signed-off-by: zhong jiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com> Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | autonuma: reduce cache footprint when scanning page tablesHuang Ying2019-12-011-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In auto NUMA balancing page table scanning, if the pte_protnone() is true, the PTE needs not to be changed because it's in target state already. So other checking on corresponding struct page is unnecessary too. So, if we check pte_protnone() firstly for each PTE, we can avoid unnecessary struct page accessing, so that reduce the cache footprint of NUMA balancing page table scanning. In the performance test of pmbench memory accessing benchmark with 80:20 read/write ratio and normal access address distribution on a 2 socket Intel server with Optance DC Persistent Memory, perf profiling shows that the autonuma page table scanning time reduces from 1.23% to 0.97% (that is, reduced 21%) with the patch. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191101075727.26683-3-ying.huang@intel.com Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | autonuma: fix watermark checking in migrate_balanced_pgdat()Huang Ying2019-12-011-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When zone_watermark_ok() is called in migrate_balanced_pgdat() to check migration target node, the parameter classzone_idx (for requested zone) is specified as 0 (ZONE_DMA). But when allocating memory for autonuma in alloc_misplaced_dst_page(), the requested zone from GFP flags is ZONE_MOVABLE. That is, the requested zone is different. The size of lowmem_reserve for the different requested zone is different. And this may cause some issues. For example, in the zoneinfo of a test machine as below, Node 0, zone DMA32 pages free 61592 min 29 low 454 high 879 spanned 1044480 present 442306 managed 425921 protection: (0, 0, 62457, 62457, 62457) The free page number of ZONE_DMA32 is greater than "high watermark + lowmem_reserve[ZONE_DMA]", but less than "high watermark + lowmem_reserve[ZONE_MOVABLE]". And because __alloc_pages_node() in alloc_misplaced_dst_page() requests ZONE_MOVABLE, the zone_watermark_ok() on ZONE_DMA32 in migrate_balanced_pgdat() may always return true. So, autonuma may not stop even when memory pressure in node 0 is heavy. To fix the issue, ZONE_MOVABLE is used as parameter to call zone_watermark_ok() in migrate_balanced_pgdat(). This makes it same as requested zone in alloc_misplaced_dst_page(). So that migrate_balanced_pgdat() returns false when memory pressure is heavy. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191101075727.26683-2-ying.huang@intel.com Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/cma_debug.c: use DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE to define debugfs fopszhong jiang2019-12-011-5/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | It is more clear to use DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE to define debugfs file operation rather than DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1572348687-9951-1-git-send-email-zhongjiang@huawei.com Signed-off-by: zhong jiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Yue Hu <huyue2@yulong.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/cma.c: switch to bitmap_zalloc() for cma bitmap allocationYunfeng Ye2019-12-011-4/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | kzalloc() is used for cma bitmap allocation in cma_activate_area(), switch to bitmap_zalloc() for clarity. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/895d4627-f115-c77a-d454-c0a196116426@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Yunfeng Ye <yeyunfeng@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Yue Hu <huyue2@yulong.com> Cc: Peng Fan <peng.fan@nxp.com> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Cc: Ryohei Suzuki <ryh.szk.cmnty@gmail.com> Cc: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com> Cc: Doug Berger <opendmb@gmail.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/thp: flush file for !is_shmem PageDirty() case in collapse_file()Song Liu2019-12-011-0/+18
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | For non-shmem file THPs, khugepaged only collapses read only .text mapping (VM_DENYWRITE). These pages should not be dirty except the case where the file hasn't been flushed since first write. Call filemap_flush() in collapse_file() to accelerate the write back in such cases. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191106060930.2571389-3-songliubraving@fb.com Signed-off-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm, thp: do not queue fully unmapped pages for deferred splitKirill A. Shutemov2019-12-011-4/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Adding fully unmapped pages into deferred split queue is not productive: these pages are about to be freed or they are pinned and cannot be split anyway. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190913091849.11151-1-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/migrate.c: handle freed page at the first placeYang Shi2019-12-011-9/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When doing migration if the freed page is met, we just return without migrating it since it is pointless to migrate a freed page. But, the current code allocates target page unconditionally before handling freed page, if the page is freed, the newly allocated will be just freed. It doesn't make too much sense and is just a waste of time although migrating freed page is rare. So, handle freed page at the before that to avoid unnecessary page allocation and free. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1573755869-106954-1-git-send-email-yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/huge_memory.c: split_huge_pages_fops should be defined with ↵zhong jiang2019-12-011-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE split_huge_pages_fops is used for debugfs file. hence, it is more clear to use DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1572347674-8111-1-git-send-email-zhongjiang@huawei.com Signed-off-by: zhong jiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/hugetlb: avoid looping to the same hugepage if !pages and !vmasZhigang Lu2019-12-011-0/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When mmapping an existing hugetlbfs file with MAP_POPULATE, we find it is very time consuming. For example, mmapping a 128GB file takes about 50 milliseconds. Sampling with perfevent shows it spends 99% time in the same_page loop in follow_hugetlb_page(). samples: 205 of event 'cycles', Event count (approx.): 136686374 - 99.04% test_mmap_huget [kernel.kallsyms] [k] follow_hugetlb_page follow_hugetlb_page __get_user_pages __mlock_vma_pages_range __mm_populate vm_mmap_pgoff sys_mmap_pgoff sys_mmap system_call_fastpath __mmap64 follow_hugetlb_page() is called with pages=NULL and vmas=NULL, so for each hugepage, we run into the same_page loop for pages_per_huge_page() times, but doing nothing. With this change, it takes less then 1 millisecond to mmap a 128GB file in hugetlbfs. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1567581712-5992-1-git-send-email-totty.lu@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Zhigang Lu <tonnylu@tencent.com> Reviewed-by: Haozhong Zhang <hzhongzhang@tencent.com> Reviewed-by: Zongming Zhang <knightzhang@tencent.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Acked-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | hugetlb: remove unused hstate in hugetlb_fault_mutex_hash()Wei Yang2019-12-012-10/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The first parameter hstate in function hugetlb_fault_mutex_hash() is not used anymore. This patch removes it. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: various build fixes] [cai@lca.pw: fix a GCC compilation warning] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1570544108-32331-1-git-send-email-cai@lca.pw Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191005003302.785-1-richardw.yang@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | hugetlb: remove duplicated codeMina Almasry2019-12-011-62/+57
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove duplicated code between region_chg and region_add, and refactor it into a common function, add_reservation_in_range. This is mostly done because there is a follow up change in another series that disables region coalescing in region_add, and I want to make that change in one place only. It should improve maintainability anyway on its own. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding style fixes] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190919200428.188797-3-almasrymina@google.com Signed-off-by: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | hugetlb: region_chg provides only cache entryMina Almasry2019-12-011-52/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Current behavior is that region_chg provides both a cache entry in resv->region_cache, AND a placeholder entry in resv->regions. region_add first tries to use the placeholder, and if it finds that the placeholder has been deleted by a racing region_del call, it uses the cache entry. This behavior is completely unnecessary and is removed in this patch for a couple of reasons: 1. region_add needs to either find a cached file_region entry in resv->region_cache, or find an entry in resv->regions to expand. It does not need both. 2. region_chg adding a placeholder entry in resv->regions opens up a possible race with region_del, where region_chg adds a placeholder region in resv->regions, and this region is deleted by a racing call to region_del during region_chg execution or before region_add is called. Removing the race makes the code easier to reason about and maintain. In addition, a follow up patch in another series that disables region coalescing, which would be further complicated if the race with region_del exists. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190919200428.188797-2-almasrymina@google.com Signed-off-by: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | hugetlbfs: take read_lock on i_mmap for PMD sharingWaiman Long2019-12-011-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A customer with large SMP systems (up to 16 sockets) with application that uses large amount of static hugepages (~500-1500GB) are experiencing random multisecond delays. These delays were caused by the long time it took to scan the VMA interval tree with mmap_sem held. The sharing of huge PMD does not require changes to the i_mmap at all. Therefore, we can just take the read lock and let other threads searching for the right VMA share it in parallel. Once the right VMA is found, either the PMD lock (2M huge page for x86-64) or the mm->page_table_lock will be acquired to perform the actual PMD sharing. Lock contention, if present, will happen in the spinlock. That is much better than contention in the rwsem where the time needed to scan the the interval tree is indeterminate. With this patch applied, the customer is seeing significant performance improvement over the unpatched kernel. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191107211809.9539-1-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Suggested-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | hugetlbfs: hugetlb_fault_mutex_hash() cleanupMike Kravetz2019-12-012-6/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A new clang diagnostic (-Wsizeof-array-div) warns about the calculation to determine the number of u32's in an array of unsigned longs. Suppress warning by adding parentheses. While looking at the above issue, noticed that the 'address' parameter to hugetlb_fault_mutex_hash is no longer used. So, remove it from the definition and all callers. No functional change. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190919011847.18400-1-mike.kravetz@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Cc: Ilie Halip <ilie.halip@gmail.com> Cc: David Bolvansky <david.bolvansky@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm: support memblock alloc on the exact node for sparse_buffer_init()Yunfeng Ye2019-12-012-12/+55
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | sparse_buffer_init() use memblock_alloc_try_nid_raw() to allocate memory for page management structure, if memory allocation fails from specified node, it will fall back to allocate from other nodes. Normally, the page management structure will not exceed 2% of the total memory, but a large continuous block of allocation is needed. In most cases, memory allocation from the specified node will succeed, but a node memory become highly fragmented will fail. we expect to allocate memory base section rather than by allocating a large block of memory from other NUMA nodes Add memblock_alloc_exact_nid_raw() for this situation, which allocate boot memory block on the exact node. If a large contiguous block memory allocate fail in sparse_buffer_init(), it will fall back to allocate small block memory base section. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/66755ea7-ab10-8882-36fd-3e02b03775d5@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Yunfeng Ye <yeyunfeng@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/memblock: correct doc for functionCao jin2019-12-011-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Change "max_addr" to "end" for less confusion in memblock_alloc_range_nid comments. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191113051822.3296-1-ruansy.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com Signed-off-by: Cao jin <caoj.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Shiyang Ruan <ruansy.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/memblock.c: cleanup docCao jin2019-12-011-24/+20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | fix typos for: elaboarte -> elaborate architecure -> architecture compltes -> completes And, convert the markup :c:func:`foo` to foo() as kernel documentation toolchain can recognize foo() as a function. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190912123127.8694-1-caoj.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com Signed-off-by: Cao jin <caoj.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com> Suggested-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/mempolicy.c: fix checking unmapped holes for mbindLi Xinhai2019-12-011-13/+27
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | mbind() is required to report EFAULT if range, specified by addr and len, contains unmapped holes. In current implementation, below rules are applied for this checking: 1: Unmapped holes at any part of the specified range should be reported as EFAULT if mbind() for none MPOL_DEFAULT cases; 2: Unmapped holes at any part of the specified range should be ignored (do not reprot EFAULT) if mbind() for MPOL_DEFAULT case; 3: The whole range in an unmapped hole should be reported as EFAULT; Note that rule 2 does not fullfill the mbind() API definition, but since that behavior has existed for long days (the internal flag MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK is for this purpose), this patch does not plan to change it. In current code, application observed inconsistent behavior on rule 1 and rule 2 respectively. That inconsistency is fixed as below details. Cases of rule 1: - Hole at head side of range. Current code reprot EFAULT, no change by this patch. [ vma ][ hole ][ vma ] [ range ] - Hole at middle of range. Current code report EFAULT, no change by this patch. [ vma ][ hole ][ vma ] [ range ] - Hole at tail side of range. Current code do not report EFAULT, this patch fixes it. [ vma ][ hole ][ vma ] [ range ] Cases of rule 2: - Hole at head side of range. Current code reports EFAULT, this patch fixes it. [ vma ][ hole ][ vma ] [ range ] - Hole at middle of range. Current code does not report EFAULT, no change by this patch. [ vma ][ hole ][ vma] [ range ] - Hole at tail side of range. Current code does not report EFAULT, no change by this patch. [ vma ][ hole ][ vma] [ range ] This patch has no changes to rule 3. The unmapped hole checking can also be handled by using .pte_hole(), instead of .test_walk(). But .pte_hole() is called for holes inside and outside vma, which causes more cost, so this patch keeps the original design with .test_walk(). Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1573218104-11021-3-git-send-email-lixinhai.lxh@gmail.com Fixes: 6f4576e3687b ("mempolicy: apply page table walker on queue_pages_range()") Signed-off-by: Li Xinhai <lixinhai.lxh@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: linux-man <linux-man@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | mm/mempolicy.c: check range first in queue_pages_test_walkLi Xinhai2019-12-011-9/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Patch series "mm: Fix checking unmapped holes for mbind", v4. This patchset fix checking unmapped holes for mbind(). First patch makes sure the vma been correctly tracked in .test_walk(), so each time when .test_walk() is called, the neighborhood of two vma is correct. Current problem is that the !vma_migratable() check could cause return immediately without update tracking to vma. Second patch fix the inconsistent report of EFAULT when mbind() is called for MPOL_DEFAULT and non MPOL_DEFAULT cases, so application do not need to have workaround code to handle this special behavior. Currently there are two problems, one is that the .test_walk() can not know there is hole at tail side of range, because .test_walk() only call for vma not for hole. The other one is that mbind_range() checks for hole at head side of range but do not consider the MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK flag as done in .test_walk(). This patch (of 2): Checking unmapped hole and updating the previous vma must be handled first, otherwise the unmapped hole could be calculated from a wrong previous vma. Several commits were relevant to this error: - commit 6f4576e3687b ("mempolicy: apply page table walker on queue_pages_range()") This commit was correct, the VM_PFNMAP check was after updating previous vma - commit 48684a65b4e3 ("mm: pagewalk: fix misbehavior of walk_page_range for vma(VM_PFNMAP)") This commit added VM_PFNMAP check before updating previous vma. Then, there were two VM_PFNMAP check did same thing twice. - commit acda0c334028 ("mm/mempolicy.c: get rid of duplicated check for vma(VM_PFNMAP) in queue_page s_range()") This commit tried to fix the duplicated VM_PFNMAP check, but it wrongly removed the one which was after updating vma. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1573218104-11021-2-git-send-email-lixinhai.lxh@gmail.com Fixes: acda0c334028 (mm/mempolicy.c: get rid of duplicated check for vma(VM_PFNMAP) in queue_pages_range()) Signed-off-by: Li Xinhai <lixinhai.lxh@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: linux-man <linux-man@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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