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* ima: re-initialize iint->atomic_flagsMimi Zohar2018-02-021-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | Intermittently security.ima is not being written for new files. This patch re-initializes the new slab iint->atomic_flags field before freeing it. Fixes: commit 0d73a55208e9 ("ima: re-introduce own integrity cache lock") Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* Merge branch 'next-tpm' of ↵Linus Torvalds2018-01-313-3/+3
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security Pull tpm updates from James Morris: - reduce polling delays in tpm_tis - support retrieving TPM 2.0 Event Log through EFI before ExitBootServices - replace tpm-rng.c with a hwrng device managed by the driver for each TPM device - TPM resource manager synthesizes TPM_RC_COMMAND_CODE response instead of returning -EINVAL for unknown TPM commands. This makes user space more sound. - CLKRUN fixes: * Keep #CLKRUN disable through the entier TPM command/response flow * Check whether #CLKRUN is enabled before disabling and enabling it again because enabling it breaks PS/2 devices on a system where it is disabled * 'next-tpm' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: tpm: remove unused variables tpm: remove unused data fields from I2C and OF device ID tables tpm: only attempt to disable the LPC CLKRUN if is already enabled tpm: follow coding style for variable declaration in tpm_tis_core_init() tpm: delete the TPM_TIS_CLK_ENABLE flag tpm: Update MAINTAINERS for Jason Gunthorpe tpm: Keep CLKRUN enabled throughout the duration of transmit_cmd() tpm_tis: Move ilb_base_addr to tpm_tis_data tpm2-cmd: allow more attempts for selftest execution tpm: return a TPM_RC_COMMAND_CODE response if command is not implemented tpm: Move Linux RNG connection to hwrng tpm: use struct tpm_chip for tpm_chip_find_get() tpm: parse TPM event logs based on EFI table efi: call get_event_log before ExitBootServices tpm: add event log format version tpm: rename event log provider files tpm: move tpm_eventlog.h outside of drivers folder tpm: use tpm_msleep() value as max delay tpm: reduce tpm polling delay in tpm_tis_core tpm: move wait_for_tpm_stat() to respective driver files
| * tpm: use struct tpm_chip for tpm_chip_find_get()Jarkko Sakkinen2018-01-083-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Device number (the character device index) is not a stable identifier for a TPM chip. That is the reason why every call site passes TPM_ANY_NUM to tpm_chip_find_get(). This commit changes the API in a way that instead a struct tpm_chip instance is given and NULL means the default chip. In addition, this commit refines the documentation to be up to date with the implementation. Suggested-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com> (@chip_num -> @chip part) Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Tested-by: PrasannaKumar Muralidharan <prasannatsmkumar@gmail.com>
* | Merge branch 'next-integrity' of ↵Linus Torvalds2018-01-3111-105/+294
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security Pull integrity updates from James Morris: "This contains a mixture of bug fixes, code cleanup, and new functionality. Of note is the integrity cache locking fix, file change detection, and support for a new EVM portable and immutable signature type. The re-introduction of the integrity cache lock (iint) fixes the problem of attempting to take the i_rwsem shared a second time, when it was previously taken exclusively. Defining atomic flags resolves the original iint/i_rwsem circular locking - accessing the file data vs. modifying the file metadata. Although it fixes the O_DIRECT problem as well, a subsequent patch is needed to remove the explicit O_DIRECT prevention. For performance reasons, detecting when a file has changed and needs to be re-measured, re-appraised, and/or re-audited, was limited to after the last writer has closed, and only if the file data has changed. Detecting file change is based on i_version. For filesystems that do not support i_version, remote filesystems, or userspace filesystems, the file was measured, appraised and/or audited once and never re-evaluated. Now local filesystems, which do not support i_version or are not mounted with the i_version option, assume the file has changed and are required to re-evaluate the file. This change does not address detecting file change on remote or userspace filesystems. Unlike file data signatures, which can be included and distributed in software packages (eg. rpm, deb), the existing EVM signature, which protects the file metadata, could not be included in software packages, as it includes file system specific information (eg. i_ino, possibly the UUID). This pull request defines a new EVM portable and immutable file metadata signature format, which can be included in software packages" * 'next-integrity' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: ima/policy: fix parsing of fsuuid ima: Use i_version only when filesystem supports it integrity: remove unneeded initializations in integrity_iint_cache entries ima: log message to module appraisal error ima: pass filename to ima_rdwr_violation_check() ima: Fix line continuation format ima: support new "hash" and "dont_hash" policy actions ima: re-introduce own integrity cache lock EVM: Add support for portable signature format EVM: Allow userland to permit modification of EVM-protected metadata ima: relax requiring a file signature for new files with zero length
| * | ima/policy: fix parsing of fsuuidMike Rapoport2018-01-181-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The switch to uuid_t invereted the logic of verfication that &entry->fsuuid is zero during parsing of "fsuuid=" rule. Instead of making sure the &entry->fsuuid field is not attempted to be overwritten, we bail out for perfectly correct rule. Fixes: 787d8c530af7 ("ima/policy: switch to use uuid_t") Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: Use i_version only when filesystem supports itSascha Hauer2017-12-181-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | i_version is only supported by a filesystem when the SB_I_VERSION flag is set. This patch tests for the SB_I_VERSION flag before using i_version. If we can't use i_version to detect a file change then we must assume the file has changed in the last_writer path and remeasure it. On filesystems without i_version support IMA used to measure a file only once and didn't detect any changes to a file. With this patch IMA now works properly on these filesystems. Signed-off-by: Sascha Hauer <s.hauer@pengutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | integrity: remove unneeded initializations in integrity_iint_cache entriesJeff Layton2017-12-181-4/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The init_once routine memsets the whole object to 0, and then explicitly sets some of the fields to 0 again. Just remove the explicit initializations. Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: log message to module appraisal errorBruno E. O. Meneguele2017-12-181-1/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Simple but useful message log to the user in case of module appraise is forced and fails due to the lack of file descriptor, that might be caused by kmod calls to compressed modules. Signed-off-by: Bruno E. O. Meneguele <brdeoliv@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: pass filename to ima_rdwr_violation_check()Roberto Sassu2017-12-181-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ima_rdwr_violation_check() retrieves the full path of a measured file by calling ima_d_path(). If process_measurement() calls this function, it reuses the pointer and passes it to the functions to measure/appraise/audit an accessed file. After commit bc15ed663e7e ("ima: fix ima_d_path() possible race with rename"), ima_d_path() first tries to retrieve the full path by calling d_absolute_path() and, if there is an error, copies the dentry name to the buffer passed as argument. However, ima_rdwr_violation_check() passes to ima_d_path() the pointer of a local variable. process_measurement() might be reusing the pointer to an area in the stack which may have been already overwritten after ima_rdwr_violation_check() returned. Correct this issue by passing to ima_rdwr_violation_check() the pointer of a buffer declared in process_measurement(). Fixes: bc15ed663e7e ("ima: fix ima_d_path() possible race with rename") Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: Fix line continuation formatJoe Perches2017-12-181-6/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Line continuations with excess spacing causes unexpected output. Based on commit 6f76b6fcaa60 ("CodingStyle: Document the exception of not splitting user-visible strings, for grepping") recommendation. Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: support new "hash" and "dont_hash" policy actionsMimi Zohar2017-12-185-20/+63
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The builtin ima_appraise_tcb policy, which is specified on the boot command line, can be replaced with a custom policy, normally early in the boot process. Custom policies can be more restrictive in some ways, like requiring file signatures, but can be less restrictive in other ways, like not appraising mutable files. With a less restrictive policy in place, files in the builtin policy might not be hashed and labeled with a security.ima hash. On reboot, files which should be labeled in the ima_appraise_tcb are not labeled, possibly preventing the system from booting properly. To resolve this problem, this patch extends the existing IMA policy actions "measure", "dont_measure", "appraise", "dont_appraise", and "audit" with "hash" and "dont_hash". The new "hash" action will write the file hash as security.ima, but without requiring the file to be appraised as well. For example, the builtin ima_appraise_tcb policy includes the rule, "appraise fowner=0". Adding the "hash fowner=0" rule to a custom policy, will cause the needed file hashes to be calculated and written as security.ima xattrs. Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: re-introduce own integrity cache lockDmitry Kasatkin2017-12-114-40/+77
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Before IMA appraisal was introduced, IMA was using own integrity cache lock along with i_mutex. process_measurement and ima_file_free took the iint->mutex first and then the i_mutex, while setxattr, chmod and chown took the locks in reverse order. To resolve the potential deadlock, i_mutex was moved to protect entire IMA functionality and the redundant iint->mutex was eliminated. Solution was based on the assumption that filesystem code does not take i_mutex further. But when file is opened with O_DIRECT flag, direct-io implementation takes i_mutex and produces deadlock. Furthermore, certain other filesystem operations, such as llseek, also take i_mutex. More recently some filesystems have replaced their filesystem specific lock with the global i_rwsem to read a file. As a result, when IMA attempts to calculate the file hash, reading the file attempts to take the i_rwsem again. To resolve O_DIRECT related deadlock problem, this patch re-introduces iint->mutex. But to eliminate the original chmod() related deadlock problem, this patch eliminates the requirement for chmod hooks to take the iint->mutex by introducing additional atomic iint->attr_flags to indicate calling of the hooks. The allowed locking order is to take the iint->mutex first and then the i_rwsem. Original flags were cleared in chmod(), setxattr() or removwxattr() hooks and tested when file was closed or opened again. New atomic flags are set or cleared in those hooks and tested to clear iint->flags on close or on open. Atomic flags are following: * IMA_CHANGE_ATTR - indicates that chATTR() was called (chmod, chown, chgrp) and file attributes have changed. On file open, it causes IMA to clear iint->flags to re-evaluate policy and perform IMA functions again. * IMA_CHANGE_XATTR - indicates that setxattr or removexattr was called and extended attributes have changed. On file open, it causes IMA to clear iint->flags IMA_DONE_MASK to re-appraise. * IMA_UPDATE_XATTR - indicates that security.ima needs to be updated. It is cleared if file policy changes and no update is needed. * IMA_DIGSIG - indicates that file security.ima has signature and file security.ima must not update to file has on file close. * IMA_MUST_MEASURE - indicates the file is in the measurement policy. Fixes: Commit 6552321831dc ("xfs: remove i_iolock and use i_rwsem in the VFS inode instead") Signed-off-by: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | EVM: Add support for portable signature formatMatthew Garrett2017-12-115-21/+91
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The EVM signature includes the inode number and (optionally) the filesystem UUID, making it impractical to ship EVM signatures in packages. This patch adds a new portable format intended to allow distributions to include EVM signatures. It is identical to the existing format but hardcodes the inode and generation numbers to 0 and does not include the filesystem UUID even if the kernel is configured to do so. Removing the inode means that the metadata and signature from one file could be copied to another file without invalidating it. This is avoided by ensuring that an IMA xattr is present during EVM validation. Portable signatures are intended to be immutable - ie, they will never be transformed into HMACs. Based on earlier work by Dmitry Kasatkin and Mikhail Kurinnoi. Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@google.com> Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@huawei.com> Cc: Mikhail Kurinnoi <viewizard@viewizard.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | EVM: Allow userland to permit modification of EVM-protected metadataMatthew Garrett2017-12-113-12/+53
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When EVM is enabled it forbids modification of metadata protected by EVM unless there is already a valid EVM signature. If any modification is made, the kernel will then generate a new EVM HMAC. However, this does not map well on use cases which use only asymmetric EVM signatures, as in this scenario the kernel is unable to generate new signatures. This patch extends the /sys/kernel/security/evm interface to allow userland to request that modification of these xattrs be permitted. This is only permitted if no keys have already been loaded. In this configuration, modifying the metadata will invalidate the EVM appraisal on the file in question. This allows packaging systems to write out new files, set the relevant extended attributes and then move them into place. There's also some refactoring of the use of evm_initialized in order to avoid heading down codepaths that assume there's a key available. Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@google.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: relax requiring a file signature for new files with zero lengthMimi Zohar2017-12-111-1/+2
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Custom policies can require file signatures based on LSM labels. These files are normally created and only afterwards labeled, requiring them to be signed. Instead of requiring file signatures based on LSM labels, entire filesystems could require file signatures. In this case, we need the ability of writing new files without requiring file signatures. The definition of a "new" file was originally defined as any file with a length of zero. Subsequent patches redefined a "new" file to be based on the FILE_CREATE open flag. By combining the open flag with a file size of zero, this patch relaxes the file signature requirement. Fixes: 1ac202e978e1 ima: accept previously set IMA_NEW_FILE Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | IMA: switch IMA over to new i_version APIJeff Layton2018-01-292-2/+4
| | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
* | ima: Use i_version only when filesystem supports itSascha Hauer2017-12-131-1/+2
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | i_version is only supported by a filesystem when the SB_I_VERSION flag is set. This patch tests for the SB_I_VERSION flag before using i_version. If we can't use i_version to detect a file change then we must assume the file has changed in the last_writer path and remeasure it. On filesystems without i_version support IMA used to measure a file only once and didn't detect any changes to a file. With this patch IMA now works properly on these filesystems. Signed-off-by: Sascha Hauer <s.hauer@pengutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
* ima: do not update security.ima if appraisal status is not INTEGRITY_PASSRoberto Sassu2017-11-201-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit b65a9cfc2c38 ("Untangling ima mess, part 2: deal with counters") moved the call of ima_file_check() from may_open() to do_filp_open() at a point where the file descriptor is already opened. This breaks the assumption made by IMA that file descriptors being closed belong to files whose access was granted by ima_file_check(). The consequence is that security.ima and security.evm are updated with good values, regardless of the current appraisal status. For example, if a file does not have security.ima, IMA will create it after opening the file for writing, even if access is denied. Access to the file will be allowed afterwards. Avoid this issue by checking the appraisal status before updating security.ima. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
* Merge branch 'linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds2017-11-141-39/+17
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6 Pull crypto updates from Herbert Xu: "Here is the crypto update for 4.15: API: - Disambiguate EBUSY when queueing crypto request by adding ENOSPC. This change touches code outside the crypto API. - Reset settings when empty string is written to rng_current. Algorithms: - Add OSCCA SM3 secure hash. Drivers: - Remove old mv_cesa driver (replaced by marvell/cesa). - Enable rfc3686/ecb/cfb/ofb AES in crypto4xx. - Add ccm/gcm AES in crypto4xx. - Add support for BCM7278 in iproc-rng200. - Add hash support on Exynos in s5p-sss. - Fix fallback-induced error in vmx. - Fix output IV in atmel-aes. - Fix empty GCM hash in mediatek. Others: - Fix DoS potential in lib/mpi. - Fix potential out-of-order issues with padata" * 'linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6: (162 commits) lib/mpi: call cond_resched() from mpi_powm() loop crypto: stm32/hash - Fix return issue on update crypto: dh - Remove pointless checks for NULL 'p' and 'g' crypto: qat - Clean up error handling in qat_dh_set_secret() crypto: dh - Don't permit 'key' or 'g' size longer than 'p' crypto: dh - Don't permit 'p' to be 0 crypto: dh - Fix double free of ctx->p hwrng: iproc-rng200 - Add support for BCM7278 dt-bindings: rng: Document BCM7278 RNG200 compatible crypto: chcr - Replace _manual_ swap with swap macro crypto: marvell - Add a NULL entry at the end of mv_cesa_plat_id_table[] hwrng: virtio - Virtio RNG devices need to be re-registered after suspend/resume crypto: atmel - remove empty functions crypto: ecdh - remove empty exit() MAINTAINERS: update maintainer for qat crypto: caam - remove unused param of ctx_map_to_sec4_sg() crypto: caam - remove unneeded edesc zeroization crypto: atmel-aes - Reset the controller before each use crypto: atmel-aes - properly set IV after {en,de}crypt hwrng: core - Reset user selected rng by writing "" to rng_current ...
| * ima: move to generic async completionGilad Ben-Yossef2017-11-031-39/+17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ima starts several async crypto ops and waits for their completions. Move it over to generic code doing the same. Signed-off-by: Gilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com> Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
* | Merge branch 'next-integrity' of ↵Linus Torvalds2017-11-1313-110/+108
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security Pull security subsystem integrity updates from James Morris: "There is a mixture of bug fixes, code cleanup, preparatory code for new functionality and new functionality. Commit 26ddabfe96bb ("evm: enable EVM when X509 certificate is loaded") enabled EVM without loading a symmetric key, but was limited to defining the x509 certificate pathname at build. Included in this set of patches is the ability of enabling EVM, without loading the EVM symmetric key, from userspace. New is the ability to prevent the loading of an EVM symmetric key." * 'next-integrity' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: ima: Remove redundant conditional operator ima: Fix bool initialization/comparison ima: check signature enforcement against cmdline param instead of CONFIG module: export module signature enforcement status ima: fix hash algorithm initialization EVM: Only complain about a missing HMAC key once EVM: Allow userspace to signal an RSA key has been loaded EVM: Include security.apparmor in EVM measurements ima: call ima_file_free() prior to calling fasync integrity: use kernel_read_file_from_path() to read x509 certs ima: always measure and audit files in policy ima: don't remove the securityfs policy file vfs: fix mounting a filesystem with i_version
| * | ima: Remove redundant conditional operatorThiago Jung Bauermann2017-11-081-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A non-zero value is converted to 1 when assigned to a bool variable, so the conditional operator in is_ima_appraise_enabled is redundant. The value of a comparison operator is either 1 or 0 so the conditional operator in ima_inode_setxattr is redundant as well. Confirmed that the patch is correct by comparing the object file from before and after the patch. They are identical. Signed-off-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: Fix bool initialization/comparisonThomas Meyer2017-11-082-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bool initializations should use true and false. Bool tests don't need comparisons. Signed-off-by: Thomas Meyer <thomas@m3y3r.de> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: check signature enforcement against cmdline param instead of CONFIGBruno E. O. Meneguele2017-11-081-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When the user requests MODULE_CHECK policy and its kernel is compiled with CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_FORCE not set, all modules would not load, just those loaded in initram time. One option the user would have would be set a kernel cmdline param (module.sig_enforce) to true, but the IMA module check code doesn't rely on this value, it checks just CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_FORCE. This patch solves this problem checking for the exported value of module.sig_enforce cmdline param intead of CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_FORCE, which holds the effective value (CONFIG || param). Signed-off-by: Bruno E. O. Meneguele <brdeoliv@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: fix hash algorithm initializationBoshi Wang2017-11-081-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The hash_setup function always sets the hash_setup_done flag, even when the hash algorithm is invalid. This prevents the default hash algorithm defined as CONFIG_IMA_DEFAULT_HASH from being used. This patch sets hash_setup_done flag only for valid hash algorithms. Fixes: e7a2ad7eb6f4 "ima: enable support for larger default filedata hash algorithms" Signed-off-by: Boshi Wang <wangboshi@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | EVM: Only complain about a missing HMAC key onceMatthew Garrett2017-11-081-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A system can validate EVM digital signatures without requiring an HMAC key, but every EVM validation will generate a kernel error. Change this so we only generate an error once. Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@google.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | EVM: Allow userspace to signal an RSA key has been loadedMatthew Garrett2017-11-082-12/+20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | EVM will only perform validation once a key has been loaded. This key may either be a symmetric trusted key (for HMAC validation and creation) or the public half of an asymmetric key (for digital signature validation). The /sys/kernel/security/evm interface allows userland to signal that a symmetric key has been loaded, but does not allow userland to signal that an asymmetric public key has been loaded. This patch extends the interface to permit userspace to pass a bitmask of loaded key types. It also allows userspace to block loading of a symmetric key in order to avoid a compromised system from being able to load an additional key type later. Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@google.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | EVM: Include security.apparmor in EVM measurementsMatthew Garrett2017-11-081-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Apparmor will be gaining support for security.apparmor labels, and it would be helpful to include these in EVM validation now so appropriate signatures can be generated even before full support is merged. Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@google.com> Acked-by: John Johansen <John.johansen@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | integrity: use kernel_read_file_from_path() to read x509 certsChristoph Hellwig2017-11-084-56/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The CONFIG_IMA_LOAD_X509 and CONFIG_EVM_LOAD_X509 options permit loading x509 signed certificates onto the trusted keyrings without verifying the x509 certificate file's signature. This patch replaces the call to the integrity_read_file() specific function with the common kernel_read_file_from_path() function. To avoid verifying the file signature, this patch defines READING_X509_CERTFICATE. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * | ima: always measure and audit files in policyMimi Zohar2017-11-083-30/+56
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | All files matching a "measure" rule must be included in the IMA measurement list, even when the file hash cannot be calculated. Similarly, all files matching an "audit" rule must be audited, even when the file hash can not be calculated. The file data hash field contained in the IMA measurement list template data will contain 0's instead of the actual file hash digest. Note: In general, adding, deleting or in anyway changing which files are included in the IMA measurement list is not a good idea, as it might result in not being able to unseal trusted keys sealed to a specific TPM PCR value. This patch not only adds file measurements that were not previously measured, but specifies that the file hash value for these files will be 0's. As the IMA measurement list ordering is not consistent from one boot to the next, it is unlikely that anyone is sealing keys based on the IMA measurement list. Remote attestation servers should be able to process these new measurement records, but might complain about these unknown records. Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@huawei.com>
| * | ima: don't remove the securityfs policy fileMimi Zohar2017-11-081-2/+2
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The securityfs policy file is removed unless additional rules can be appended to the IMA policy (CONFIG_IMA_WRITE_POLICY), regardless as to whether the policy is configured so that it can be displayed. This patch changes this behavior, removing the securityfs policy file, only if CONFIG_IMA_READ_POLICY is also not enabled. Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* / License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman2017-11-022-0/+2
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
* Merge branch 'next' of ↵Linus Torvalds2017-07-0512-177/+211
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security Pull security layer updates from James Morris: - a major update for AppArmor. From JJ: * several bug fixes and cleanups * the patch to add symlink support to securityfs that was floated on the list earlier and the apparmorfs changes that make use of securityfs symlinks * it introduces the domain labeling base code that Ubuntu has been carrying for several years, with several cleanups applied. And it converts the current mediation over to using the domain labeling base, which brings domain stacking support with it. This finally will bring the base upstream code in line with Ubuntu and provide a base to upstream the new feature work that Ubuntu carries. * This does _not_ contain any of the newer apparmor mediation features/controls (mount, signals, network, keys, ...) that Ubuntu is currently carrying, all of which will be RFC'd on top of this. - Notable also is the Infiniband work in SELinux, and the new file:map permission. From Paul: "While we're down to 21 patches for v4.13 (it was 31 for v4.12), the diffstat jumps up tremendously with over 2k of line changes. Almost all of these changes are the SELinux/IB work done by Daniel Jurgens; some other noteworthy changes include a NFS v4.2 labeling fix, a new file:map permission, and reporting of policy capabilities on policy load" There's also now genfscon labeling support for tracefs, which was lost in v4.1 with the separation from debugfs. - Smack incorporates a safer socket check in file_receive, and adds a cap_capable call in privilege check. - TPM as usual has a bunch of fixes and enhancements. - Multiple calls to security_add_hooks() can now be made for the same LSM, to allow LSMs to have hook declarations across multiple files. - IMA now supports different "ima_appraise=" modes (eg. log, fix) from the boot command line. * 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: (126 commits) apparmor: put back designators in struct initialisers seccomp: Switch from atomic_t to recount_t seccomp: Adjust selftests to avoid double-join seccomp: Clean up core dump logic IMA: update IMA policy documentation to include pcr= option ima: Log the same audit cause whenever a file has no signature ima: Simplify policy_func_show. integrity: Small code improvements ima: fix get_binary_runtime_size() ima: use ima_parse_buf() to parse template data ima: use ima_parse_buf() to parse measurements headers ima: introduce ima_parse_buf() ima: Add cgroups2 to the defaults list ima: use memdup_user_nul ima: fix up #endif comments IMA: Correct Kconfig dependencies for hash selection ima: define is_ima_appraise_enabled() ima: define Kconfig IMA_APPRAISE_BOOTPARAM option ima: define a set of appraisal rules requiring file signatures ima: extend the "ima_policy" boot command line to support multiple policies ...
| * ima: Log the same audit cause whenever a file has no signatureThiago Jung Bauermann2017-06-211-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If the file doesn't have an xattr, ima_appraise_measurement sets cause to "missing-hash" while if there's an xattr but it's a digest instead of a signature it sets cause to "IMA-signature-required". Fix it by setting cause to "IMA-signature-required" in both cases. Signed-off-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: Simplify policy_func_show.Thiago Jung Bauermann2017-06-212-62/+21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If the func_tokens array uses the same indices as enum ima_hooks, policy_func_show can be a lot simpler, and the func_* enum becomes unnecessary. Also, if we use the same macro trick used by kernel_read_file_id_str we can use one hooks list for both the enum and the string array, making sure they are always in sync (suggested by Mimi Zohar). Finally, by using the printf pattern for the function token directly instead of using the pt macro we can simplify policy_func_show even further and avoid needing a temporary buffer. Signed-off-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * integrity: Small code improvementsThiago Jung Bauermann2017-06-216-9/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | These changes are too small to warrant their own patches: The keyid and sig_size members of struct signature_v2_hdr are in BE format, so use a type that makes this assumption explicit. Also, use beXX_to_cpu instead of __beXX_to_cpu to read them. Change integrity_kernel_read to take a void * buffer instead of char * buffer, so that callers don't have to use a cast if they provide a buffer that isn't a char *. Add missing #endif comment in ima.h pointing out which macro it refers to. Add missing fall through comment in ima_appraise.c. Constify mask_tokens and func_tokens arrays. Signed-off-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: fix get_binary_runtime_size()Roberto Sassu2017-06-211-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove '+ 1' from 'size += strlen(entry->template_desc->name) + 1;', as the template name is sent to userspace without the '\0' character. Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: use ima_parse_buf() to parse template dataRoberto Sassu2017-06-211-31/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The binary_field_data structure definition has been removed from ima_restore_template_data(). The lengths and data pointers are directly stored into the template_data array of the ima_template_entry structure. For template data, both the number of fields and buffer end checks can be done, as these information are known (respectively from the template descriptor, and from the measurement header field). Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: use ima_parse_buf() to parse measurements headersRoberto Sassu2017-06-211-52/+28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The binary_hdr_v1 and binary_data_v1 structures defined in ima_restore_measurement_list() have been replaced with an array of four ima_field_data structures where pcr, digest, template name and template data lengths and pointers are stored. The length of pcr and digest in the ima_field_data array and the bits in the bitmap are set before ima_parse_buf() is called. The ENFORCE_FIELDS bit is set for all entries except the last one (there is still data to parse), and ENFORCE_BUFEND is set only for the last entry. Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: introduce ima_parse_buf()Roberto Sassu2017-06-212-0/+67
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ima_parse_buf() takes as input the buffer start and end pointers, and stores the result in a static array of ima_field_data structures, where the len field contains the length parsed from the buffer, and the data field contains the address of the buffer just after the length. Optionally, the function returns the current value of the buffer pointer and the number of array elements written. A bitmap has been added as parameter of ima_parse_buf() to handle the cases where the length is not prepended to data. Each bit corresponds to an element of the ima_field_data array. If a bit is set, the length is not parsed from the buffer, but is read from the corresponding element of the array (the length must be set before calling the function). ima_parse_buf() can perform three checks upon request by callers, depending on the enforce mask passed to it: - ENFORCE_FIELDS: matching of number of fields (length-data combination) - there must be enough data in the buffer to parse the number of fields requested (output: current value of buffer pointer) - ENFORCE_BUFEND: matching of buffer end - the ima_field_data array must be large enough to contain lengths and data pointers for the amount of data requested (output: number of fields written) - ENFORCE_FIELDS | ENFORCE_BUFEND: matching of both Use cases - measurement entry header: ENFORCE_FIELDS | ENFORCE_BUFEND - four fields must be parsed: pcr, digest, template name, template data - ENFORCE_BUFEND is enforced only for the last measurement entry - template digest (Crypto Agile): ENFORCE_BUFEND - since only the total template digest length is known, the function parses length-data combinations until the buffer end is reached - template data: ENFORCE_FIELDS | ENFORCE_BUFEND - since the number of fields and the total template data length are known, the function can perform both checks Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: Add cgroups2 to the defaults listLaura Abbott2017-06-211-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | cgroups2 is beginning to show up in wider usage. Add it to the default nomeasure/noappraise list like other filesystems. Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: use memdup_user_nulGeliang Tang2017-06-211-9/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Use memdup_user_nul() helper instead of open-coding to simplify the code. Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: fix up #endif commentsTycho Andersen2017-06-211-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | While reading the code, I noticed that these #endif comments don't match how they're actually nested. This patch fixes that. Signed-off-by: Tycho Andersen <tycho@docker.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * IMA: Correct Kconfig dependencies for hash selectionBen Hutchings2017-06-211-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | IMA uses the hash algorithm too early to be able to use a module. Require the selected hash algorithm to be built-in. Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: define is_ima_appraise_enabled()Mimi Zohar2017-06-211-0/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Only return enabled if in enforcing mode, not fix or log modes. Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Changes: - Define is_ima_appraise_enabled() as a bool (Thiago Bauermann)
| * ima: define Kconfig IMA_APPRAISE_BOOTPARAM optionMimi Zohar2017-06-212-0/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Permit enabling the different "ima_appraise=" modes (eg. log, fix) from the boot command line. Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
| * ima: define a set of appraisal rules requiring file signaturesMimi Zohar2017-06-211-1/+25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The builtin "ima_appraise_tcb" policy should require file signatures for at least a few of the hooks (eg. kernel modules, firmware, and the kexec kernel image), but changing it would break the existing userspace/kernel ABI. This patch defines a new builtin policy named "secure_boot", which can be specified on the "ima_policy=" boot command line, independently or in conjunction with the "ima_appraise_tcb" policy, by specifing ima_policy="appraise_tcb | secure_boot". The new appraisal rules requiring file signatures will be added prior to the "ima_appraise_tcb" rules. Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Changelog: - Reference secure boot in the new builtin policy name. (Thiago Bauermann)
| * ima: extend the "ima_policy" boot command line to support multiple policiesMimi Zohar2017-06-211-5/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add support for providing multiple builtin policies on the "ima_policy=" boot command line. Use "|" as the delimitor separating the policy names. Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | fs: switch ->s_uuid to uuid_tChristoph Hellwig2017-06-052-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | For some file systems we still memcpy into it, but in various places this already allows us to use the proper uuid helpers. More to come.. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com> Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> (Changes to IMA/EVM) Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
* | ima/policy: switch to use uuid_tChristoph Hellwig2017-06-051-6/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com> Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>