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/*
* Percpu refcounts:
* (C) 2012 Google, Inc.
* Author: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
*
* This implements a refcount with similar semantics to atomic_t - atomic_inc(),
* atomic_dec_and_test() - but percpu.
*
* There's one important difference between percpu refs and normal atomic_t
* refcounts; you have to keep track of your initial refcount, and then when you
* start shutting down you call percpu_ref_kill() _before_ dropping the initial
* refcount.
*
* The refcount will have a range of 0 to ((1U << 31) - 1), i.e. one bit less
* than an atomic_t - this is because of the way shutdown works, see
* percpu_ref_kill()/PCPU_COUNT_BIAS.
*
* Before you call percpu_ref_kill(), percpu_ref_put() does not check for the
* refcount hitting 0 - it can't, if it was in percpu mode. percpu_ref_kill()
* puts the ref back in single atomic_t mode, collecting the per cpu refs and
* issuing the appropriate barriers, and then marks the ref as shutting down so
* that percpu_ref_put() will check for the ref hitting 0. After it returns,
* it's safe to drop the initial ref.
*
* USAGE:
*
* See fs/aio.c for some example usage; it's used there for struct kioctx, which
* is created when userspaces calls io_setup(), and destroyed when userspace
* calls io_destroy() or the process exits.
*
* In the aio code, kill_ioctx() is called when we wish to destroy a kioctx; it
* calls percpu_ref_kill(), then hlist_del_rcu() and sychronize_rcu() to remove
* the kioctx from the proccess's list of kioctxs - after that, there can't be
* any new users of the kioctx (from lookup_ioctx()) and it's then safe to drop
* the initial ref with percpu_ref_put().
*
* Code that does a two stage shutdown like this often needs some kind of
* explicit synchronization to ensure the initial refcount can only be dropped
* once - percpu_ref_kill() does this for you, it returns true once and false if
* someone else already called it. The aio code uses it this way, but it's not
* necessary if the code has some other mechanism to synchronize teardown.
* around.
*/
#ifndef _LINUX_PERCPU_REFCOUNT_H
#define _LINUX_PERCPU_REFCOUNT_H
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
struct percpu_ref;
typedef void (percpu_ref_func_t)(struct percpu_ref *);
struct percpu_ref {
atomic_t count;
/*
* The low bit of the pointer indicates whether the ref is in percpu
* mode; if set, then get/put will manipulate the atomic_t.
*/
unsigned long pcpu_count_ptr;
percpu_ref_func_t *release;
percpu_ref_func_t *confirm_kill;
struct rcu_head rcu;
};
int __must_check percpu_ref_init(struct percpu_ref *ref,
percpu_ref_func_t *release);
void percpu_ref_exit(struct percpu_ref *ref);
void percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm(struct percpu_ref *ref,
percpu_ref_func_t *confirm_kill);
/**
* percpu_ref_kill - drop the initial ref
* @ref: percpu_ref to kill
*
* Must be used to drop the initial ref on a percpu refcount; must be called
* precisely once before shutdown.
*
* Puts @ref in non percpu mode, then does a call_rcu() before gathering up the
* percpu counters and dropping the initial ref.
*/
static inline void percpu_ref_kill(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{
return percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm(ref, NULL);
}
#define PCPU_REF_DEAD 1
/*
* Internal helper. Don't use outside percpu-refcount proper. The
* function doesn't return the pointer and let the caller test it for NULL
* because doing so forces the compiler to generate two conditional
* branches as it can't assume that @ref->pcpu_count is not NULL.
*/
static inline bool __pcpu_ref_alive(struct percpu_ref *ref,
unsigned __percpu **pcpu_countp)
{
unsigned long pcpu_ptr = ACCESS_ONCE(ref->pcpu_count_ptr);
if (unlikely(pcpu_ptr & PCPU_REF_DEAD))
return false;
*pcpu_countp = (unsigned __percpu *)pcpu_ptr;
return true;
}
/**
* percpu_ref_get - increment a percpu refcount
* @ref: percpu_ref to get
*
* Analagous to atomic_inc().
*/
static inline void percpu_ref_get(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{
unsigned __percpu *pcpu_count;
rcu_read_lock_sched();
if (__pcpu_ref_alive(ref, &pcpu_count))
this_cpu_inc(*pcpu_count);
else
atomic_inc(&ref->count);
rcu_read_unlock_sched();
}
/**
* percpu_ref_tryget - try to increment a percpu refcount
* @ref: percpu_ref to try-get
*
* Increment a percpu refcount unless its count already reached zero.
* Returns %true on success; %false on failure.
*
* The caller is responsible for ensuring that @ref stays accessible.
*/
static inline bool percpu_ref_tryget(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{
unsigned __percpu *pcpu_count;
int ret = false;
rcu_read_lock_sched();
if (__pcpu_ref_alive(ref, &pcpu_count)) {
this_cpu_inc(*pcpu_count);
ret = true;
} else {
ret = atomic_inc_not_zero(&ref->count);
}
rcu_read_unlock_sched();
return ret;
}
/**
* percpu_ref_tryget_live - try to increment a live percpu refcount
* @ref: percpu_ref to try-get
*
* Increment a percpu refcount unless it has already been killed. Returns
* %true on success; %false on failure.
*
* Completion of percpu_ref_kill() in itself doesn't guarantee that tryget
* will fail. For such guarantee, percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm() should be
* used. After the confirm_kill callback is invoked, it's guaranteed that
* no new reference will be given out by percpu_ref_tryget().
*
* The caller is responsible for ensuring that @ref stays accessible.
*/
static inline bool percpu_ref_tryget_live(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{
unsigned __percpu *pcpu_count;
int ret = false;
rcu_read_lock_sched();
if (__pcpu_ref_alive(ref, &pcpu_count)) {
this_cpu_inc(*pcpu_count);
ret = true;
}
rcu_read_unlock_sched();
return ret;
}
/**
* percpu_ref_put - decrement a percpu refcount
* @ref: percpu_ref to put
*
* Decrement the refcount, and if 0, call the release function (which was passed
* to percpu_ref_init())
*/
static inline void percpu_ref_put(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{
unsigned __percpu *pcpu_count;
rcu_read_lock_sched();
if (__pcpu_ref_alive(ref, &pcpu_count))
this_cpu_dec(*pcpu_count);
else if (unlikely(atomic_dec_and_test(&ref->count)))
ref->release(ref);
rcu_read_unlock_sched();
}
#endif
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