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* f2fs: remove unused GC_FAILURE_PINChao Yu2024-05-091-4/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | After commit 3db1de0e582c ("f2fs: change the current atomic write way"), we removed all GC_FAILURE_ATOMIC usage, let's change i_gc_failures[] array to i_pin_failure for cleanup. Meanwhile, let's define i_current_depth and i_gc_failures as union variable due to they won't be valid at the same time. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: fix to do sanity check on i_xattr_nid in sanity_check_inode()Chao Yu2024-04-291-0/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | syzbot reports a kernel bug as below: F2FS-fs (loop0): Mounted with checkpoint version = 48b305e4 ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in f2fs_test_bit fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:2933 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in current_nat_addr fs/f2fs/node.h:213 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in f2fs_get_node_info+0xece/0x1200 fs/f2fs/node.c:600 Read of size 1 at addr ffff88807a58c76c by task syz-executor280/5076 CPU: 1 PID: 5076 Comm: syz-executor280 Not tainted 6.9.0-rc5-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 03/27/2024 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:114 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:377 [inline] print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:488 kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:601 f2fs_test_bit fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:2933 [inline] current_nat_addr fs/f2fs/node.h:213 [inline] f2fs_get_node_info+0xece/0x1200 fs/f2fs/node.c:600 f2fs_xattr_fiemap fs/f2fs/data.c:1848 [inline] f2fs_fiemap+0x55d/0x1ee0 fs/f2fs/data.c:1925 ioctl_fiemap fs/ioctl.c:220 [inline] do_vfs_ioctl+0x1c07/0x2e50 fs/ioctl.c:838 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:902 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0x81/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:890 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf5/0x240 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f The root cause is we missed to do sanity check on i_xattr_nid during f2fs_iget(), so that in fiemap() path, current_nat_addr() will access nat_bitmap w/ offset from invalid i_xattr_nid, result in triggering kasan bug report, fix it. Reported-and-tested-by: syzbot+3694e283cf5c40df6d14@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-f2fs-devel/00000000000094036c0616e72a1d@google.com Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: use folio_test_writebackJaegeuk Kim2024-04-121-1/+2
| | | | | | | Let's convert PageWriteback to folio_test_writeback. Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: Prevent s_writer rw_sem count mismatch in f2fs_evict_inodeYeongjin Gil2024-03-261-2/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If f2fs_evict_inode is called between freeze_super and thaw_super, the s_writer rwsem count may become negative, resulting in hang. CPU1 CPU2 f2fs_resize_fs() f2fs_evict_inode() f2fs_freeze set SBI_IS_FREEZING skip sb_start_intwrite f2fs_unfreeze clear SBI_IS_FREEZING sb_end_intwrite To solve this problem, the call to sb_end_write is determined by whether sb_start_intwrite is called, rather than the current freezing status. Reviewed-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com> Reviewed-by: Sunmin Jeong <s_min.jeong@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Yeongjin Gil <youngjin.gil@samsung.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* Merge tag 'f2fs-for-6.8-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds2024-01-111-43/+14
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs Pull f2fs update from Jaegeuk Kim: "In this series, we've some progress to support Zoned block device regarding to the power-cut recovery flow and enabling checkpoint=disable feature which is essential for Android OTA. Other than that, some patches touched sysfs entries and tracepoints which are minor, while several bug fixes on error handlers and compression flows are good to improve the overall stability. Enhancements: - enable checkpoint=disable for zoned block device - sysfs entries such as discard status, discard_io_aware, dir_level - tracepoints such as f2fs_vm_page_mkwrite(), f2fs_rename(), f2fs_new_inode() - use shared inode lock during f2fs_fiemap() and f2fs_seek_block() Bug fixes: - address some power-cut recovery issues on zoned block device - handle errors and logics on do_garbage_collect(), f2fs_reserve_new_block(), f2fs_move_file_range(), f2fs_recover_xattr_data() - don't set FI_PREALLOCATED_ALL for partial write - fix to update iostat correctly in f2fs_filemap_fault() - fix to wait on block writeback for post_read case - fix to tag gcing flag on page during block migration - restrict max filesize for 16K f2fs - fix to avoid dirent corruption - explicitly null-terminate the xattr list There are also several clean-up patches to remove dead codes and better readability" * tag 'f2fs-for-6.8-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (33 commits) f2fs: show more discard status by sysfs f2fs: Add error handling for negative returns from do_garbage_collect f2fs: Constrain the modification range of dir_level in the sysfs f2fs: Use wait_event_freezable_timeout() for freezable kthread f2fs: fix to check return value of f2fs_recover_xattr_data f2fs: don't set FI_PREALLOCATED_ALL for partial write f2fs: fix to update iostat correctly in f2fs_filemap_fault() f2fs: fix to check compress file in f2fs_move_file_range() f2fs: fix to wait on block writeback for post_read case f2fs: fix to tag gcing flag on page during block migration f2fs: add tracepoint for f2fs_vm_page_mkwrite() f2fs: introduce f2fs_invalidate_internal_cache() for cleanup f2fs: update blkaddr in __set_data_blkaddr() for cleanup f2fs: introduce get_dnode_addr() to clean up codes f2fs: delete obsolete FI_DROP_CACHE f2fs: delete obsolete FI_FIRST_BLOCK_WRITTEN f2fs: Restrict max filesize for 16K f2fs f2fs: let's finish or reset zones all the time f2fs: check write pointers when checkpoint=disable f2fs: fix write pointers on zoned device after roll forward ...
| * f2fs: introduce get_dnode_addr() to clean up codesChao Yu2023-12-111-18/+14
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Just cleanup, no logic changes. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
| * f2fs: delete obsolete FI_FIRST_BLOCK_WRITTENChao Yu2023-12-111-25/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit 3c6c2bebef79 ("f2fs: avoid punch_hole overhead when releasing volatile data") introduced FI_FIRST_BLOCK_WRITTEN as below reason: This patch is to avoid some punch_hole overhead when releasing volatile data. If volatile data was not written yet, we just can make the first page as zero. After commit 7bc155fec5b3 ("f2fs: kill volatile write support"), we won't support volatile write, but it missed to remove obsolete FI_FIRST_BLOCK_WRITTEN, delete it in this patch. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* | fs: convert error_remove_page to error_remove_folioMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)2023-12-101-1/+1
|/ | | | | | | | | | | There were already assertions that we were not passing a tail page to error_remove_page(), so make the compiler enforce that by converting everything to pass and use a folio. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231117161447.2461643-7-willy@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge tag 'f2fs-for-6.7-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds2023-11-041-1/+1
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim: "In this cycle, we introduce a bigger page size support by changing the internal f2fs's block size aligned to the page size. We also continue to improve zoned block device support regarding the power off recovery. As usual, there are some bug fixes regarding the error handling routines in compression and ioctl. Enhancements: - Support Block Size == Page Size - let f2fs_precache_extents() traverses in file range - stop iterating f2fs_map_block if hole exists - preload extent_cache for POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED - compress: fix to avoid fragment w/ OPU during f2fs_ioc_compress_file() Bug fixes: - do not return EFSCORRUPTED, but try to run online repair - finish previous checkpoints before returning from remount - fix error handling of __get_node_page and __f2fs_build_free_nids - clean up zones when not successfully unmounted - fix to initialize map.m_pblk in f2fs_precache_extents() - fix to drop meta_inode's page cache in f2fs_put_super() - set the default compress_level on ioctl - fix to avoid use-after-free on dic - fix to avoid redundant compress extension - do sanity check on cluster when CONFIG_F2FS_CHECK_FS is on - fix deadloop in f2fs_write_cache_pages()" * tag 'f2fs-for-6.7-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: f2fs: finish previous checkpoints before returning from remount f2fs: fix error handling of __get_node_page f2fs: do not return EFSCORRUPTED, but try to run online repair f2fs: fix error path of __f2fs_build_free_nids f2fs: Clean up errors in segment.h f2fs: clean up zones when not successfully unmounted f2fs: let f2fs_precache_extents() traverses in file range f2fs: avoid format-overflow warning f2fs: fix to initialize map.m_pblk in f2fs_precache_extents() f2fs: Support Block Size == Page Size f2fs: stop iterating f2fs_map_block if hole exists f2fs: preload extent_cache for POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED f2fs: set the default compress_level on ioctl f2fs: compress: fix to avoid fragment w/ OPU during f2fs_ioc_compress_file() f2fs: fix to drop meta_inode's page cache in f2fs_put_super() f2fs: split initial and dynamic conditions for extent_cache f2fs: compress: fix to avoid redundant compress extension f2fs: compress: do sanity check on cluster when CONFIG_F2FS_CHECK_FS is on f2fs: compress: fix to avoid use-after-free on dic f2fs: compress: fix deadloop in f2fs_write_cache_pages()
| * f2fs: Support Block Size == Page SizeDaniel Rosenberg2023-10-041-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This allows f2fs to support cases where the block size = page size for both 4K and 16K block sizes. Other sizes should work as well, should the need arise. This does not currently support 4K Block size filesystems if the page size is 16K. Signed-off-by: Daniel Rosenberg <drosen@google.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* | f2fs: convert to new timestamp accessorsJeff Layton2023-10-181-12/+12
|/ | | | | | | | Convert to using the new inode timestamp accessor functions. Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231004185347.80880-34-jlayton@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
* Merge tag 'f2fs-for-6-6-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds2023-09-021-25/+10
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim: "In this cycle, we don't have a highlighted feature enhancement, but mostly have fixed issues mainly in two parts: 1) zoned block device, and 2) compression support. For zoned block device, we've tried to improve the power-off recovery flow as much as possible. For compression, we found some corner cases caused by wrong compression policy and logics. Other than them, there were some reverts and stat corrections. Bug fixes: - use finish zone command when closing a zone - check zone type before sending async reset zone command - fix to assign compress_level for lz4 correctly - fix error path of f2fs_submit_page_read() - don't {,de}compress non-full cluster - send small discard commands during checkpoint back - flush inode if atomic file is aborted - correct to account gc/cp stats And, there are minor bug fixes, avoiding false lockdep warning, and clean-ups" * tag 'f2fs-for-6-6-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (25 commits) f2fs: use finish zone command when closing a zone f2fs: compress: fix to assign compress_level for lz4 correctly f2fs: fix error path of f2fs_submit_page_read() f2fs: clean up error handling in sanity_check_{compress_,}inode() f2fs: avoid false alarm of circular locking Revert "f2fs: do not issue small discard commands during checkpoint" f2fs: doc: fix description of max_small_discards f2fs: should update REQ_TIME for direct write f2fs: fix to account cp stats correctly f2fs: fix to account gc stats correctly f2fs: remove unneeded check condition in __f2fs_setxattr() f2fs: fix to update i_ctime in __f2fs_setxattr() Revert "f2fs: fix to do sanity check on extent cache correctly" f2fs: increase usage of folio_next_index() helper f2fs: Only lfs mode is allowed with zoned block device feature f2fs: check zone type before sending async reset zone command f2fs: compress: don't {,de}compress non-full cluster f2fs: allow f2fs_ioc_{,de}compress_file to be interrupted f2fs: don't reopen the main block device in f2fs_scan_devices f2fs: fix to avoid mmap vs set_compress_option case ...
| * f2fs: clean up error handling in sanity_check_{compress_,}inode()Chao Yu2023-08-231-19/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In sanity_check_{compress_,}inode(), it doesn't need to set SBI_NEED_FSCK in each error case, instead, we can set the flag in do_read_inode() only once when sanity_check_inode() fails. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
| * Revert "f2fs: fix to do sanity check on extent cache correctly"Chao Yu2023-08-141-6/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | syzbot reports a f2fs bug as below: UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:3275:19 index 1409 is out of range for type '__le32[923]' (aka 'unsigned int[923]') Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x1e7/0x2d0 lib/dump_stack.c:106 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:217 [inline] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0x11c/0x150 lib/ubsan.c:348 inline_data_addr fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:3275 [inline] __recover_inline_status fs/f2fs/inode.c:113 [inline] do_read_inode fs/f2fs/inode.c:480 [inline] f2fs_iget+0x4730/0x48b0 fs/f2fs/inode.c:604 f2fs_fill_super+0x640e/0x80c0 fs/f2fs/super.c:4601 mount_bdev+0x276/0x3b0 fs/super.c:1391 legacy_get_tree+0xef/0x190 fs/fs_context.c:611 vfs_get_tree+0x8c/0x270 fs/super.c:1519 do_new_mount+0x28f/0xae0 fs/namespace.c:3335 do_mount fs/namespace.c:3675 [inline] __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:3884 [inline] __se_sys_mount+0x2d9/0x3c0 fs/namespace.c:3861 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x41/0xc0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd The issue was bisected to: commit d48a7b3a72f121655d95b5157c32c7d555e44c05 Author: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Date: Mon Jan 9 03:49:20 2023 +0000 f2fs: fix to do sanity check on extent cache correctly The root cause is we applied both v1 and v2 of the patch, v2 is the right fix, so it needs to revert v1 in order to fix reported issue. v1: commit d48a7b3a72f1 ("f2fs: fix to do sanity check on extent cache correctly") https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230109034920.492914-1-chao@kernel.org/ v2: commit 269d11948100 ("f2fs: fix to do sanity check on extent cache correctly") https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230207134808.1827869-1-chao@kernel.org/ Reported-by: syzbot+601018296973a481f302@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-f2fs-devel/000000000000fcf0690600e4d04d@google.com/ Fixes: d48a7b3a72f1 ("f2fs: fix to do sanity check on extent cache correctly") Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* | f2fs: convert to ctime accessor functionsJeff Layton2023-07-241-5/+5
|/ | | | | | | | | | | In later patches, we're going to change how the inode's ctime field is used. Switch to using accessor functions instead of raw accesses of inode->i_ctime. Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Message-Id: <20230705190309.579783-41-jlayton@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
* f2fs: do more sanity check on inodeChao Yu2023-06-261-35/+65
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There are several issues in sanity_check_inode(): - The code looks not clean, it checks extra_attr related condition dispersively. - It missed to check i_extra_isize w/ lower boundary - It missed to check feature dependency: prjquota, inode_chksum, inode_crtime, compression features rely on extra_attr feature. - It's not necessary to check i_extra_isize due to it will only be assigned to non-zero value if f2fs_has_extra_attr() is true in do_read_inode(). Fix them all in this patch. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: compress: fix to check validity of i_compress_flag fieldChao Yu2023-06-261-3/+3
| | | | | | | | The last valid compress related field is i_compress_flag, check its validity instead of i_log_cluster_size. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: add sanity compress level check for compressed fileYangtao Li2023-06-261-29/+78
| | | | | | | | Commit 3fde13f817e2 ("f2fs: compress: support compress level") forgot to do basic compress level check, let's add it. Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: remove unneeded in-memory i_crtime copyChao Yu2023-04-101-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | i_crtime will never change after inode creation, so we don't need to copy it into f2fs_inode_info.i_disk_time[3], and monitor its change to decide whether updating inode page, remove related stuff. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: convert to use bitmap APIYangtao Li2023-03-291-2/+2
| | | | | | | | Let's use BIT() and GENMASK() instead of open it. Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: synchronize atomic write abortsDaeho Jeong2023-02-141-2/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | To fix a race condition between atomic write aborts, I use the inode lock and make COW inode to be re-usable thoroughout the whole atomic file inode lifetime. Reported-by: syzbot+823000d23b3400619f7c@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Fixes: 3db1de0e582c ("f2fs: change the current atomic write way") Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: fix to do sanity check on extent cache correctlyChao Yu2023-02-091-16/+6
| | | | | | | | | In do_read_inode(), sanity check for extent cache should be called after f2fs_init_read_extent_tree(), fix it. Fixes: 72840cccc0a1 ("f2fs: allocate the extent_cache by default") Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: retry to update the inode page given data corruptionJaegeuk Kim2023-02-021-6/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | If the storage gives a corrupted node block due to short power failure and reset, f2fs stops the entire operations by setting the checkpoint failure flag. Let's give more chances to live by re-issuing IOs for a while in such critical path. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Suggested-by: Randall Huang <huangrandall@google.com> Suggested-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: clean up i_compress_flag and i_compress_level usageChao Yu2023-02-021-3/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | .i_compress_level was introduced by commit 3fde13f817e2 ("f2fs: compress: support compress level"), but never be used. This patch updates as below: - load high 8-bits of on-disk .i_compress_flag to in-memory .i_compress_level - load low 8-bits of on-disk .i_compress_flag to in-memory .i_compress_flag - change type of in-memory .i_compress_flag from unsigned short to unsigned char. w/ above changes, we can avoid unneeded bit shift whenever during .init_compress_ctx(), and shrink size of struct f2fs_inode_info. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: fix to do sanity check on extent cache correctlyChao Yu2023-01-311-6/+6
| | | | | | | | | In do_read_inode(), sanity_check_inode() should be called after f2fs_init_read_extent_tree(), fix it. Fixes: 72840cccc0a1 ("f2fs: allocate the extent_cache by default") Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: merge f2fs_show_injection_info() into time_to_inject()Yangtao Li2023-01-111-3/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There is no need to additionally use f2fs_show_injection_info() to output information. Concatenate time_to_inject() and __time_to_inject() via a macro. In the new __time_to_inject() function, pass in the caller function name and parent function. In this way, we no longer need the f2fs_show_injection_info() function, and let's remove it. Suggested-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: add block_age-based extent cacheJaegeuk Kim2022-12-121-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch introduces a runtime hot/cold data separation method for f2fs, in order to improve the accuracy for data temperature classification, reduce the garbage collection overhead after long-term data updates. Enhanced hot/cold data separation can record data block update frequency as "age" of the extent per inode, and take use of the age info to indicate better temperature type for data block allocation: - It records total data blocks allocated since mount; - When file extent has been updated, it calculate the count of data blocks allocated since last update as the age of the extent; - Before the data block allocated, it searches for the age info and chooses the suitable segment for allocation. Test and result: - Prepare: create about 30000 files * 3% for cold files (with cold file extension like .apk, from 3M to 10M) * 50% for warm files (with random file extension like .FcDxq, from 1K to 4M) * 47% for hot files (with hot file extension like .db, from 1K to 256K) - create(5%)/random update(90%)/delete(5%) the files * total write amount is about 70G * fsync will be called for .db files, and buffered write will be used for other files The storage of test device is large enough(128G) so that it will not switch to SSR mode during the test. Benefit: dirty segment count increment reduce about 14% - before: Dirty +21110 - after: Dirty +18286 Signed-off-by: qixiaoyu1 <qixiaoyu1@xiaomi.com> Signed-off-by: xiongping1 <xiongping1@xiaomi.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: allocate the extent_cache by defaultJaegeuk Kim2022-12-121-2/+4
| | | | | | Let's allocate it to remove the runtime complexity. Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: refactor extent_cache to support for read and moreJaegeuk Kim2022-12-121-3/+3
| | | | | | | This patch prepares extent_cache to be ready for addition. Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: specify extent cache for read explicitlyJaegeuk Kim2022-12-121-1/+1
| | | | | | | Let's descrbie it's read extent cache. Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: correct i_size change for atomic writesDaeho Jeong2022-11-111-1/+4
| | | | | | | | | We need to make sure i_size doesn't change until atomic write commit is successful and restore it when commit is failed. Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: support recording errors into superblockChao Yu2022-10-041-1/+5
| | | | | | | | This patch supports to record detail reason of FSCORRUPTED error into f2fs_super_block.s_errors[]. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: support recording stop_checkpoint reason into super_blockChao Yu2022-10-041-1/+2
| | | | | | | | This patch supports to record stop_checkpoint error into f2fs_super_block.s_stop_reason[]. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: fix to detect corrupted meta inoChao Yu2022-10-041-5/+16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | It is possible that ino of dirent or orphan inode is corrupted in a fuzzed image, occasionally, if corrupted ino is equal to meta ino: meta_ino, node_ino or compress_ino, caller of f2fs_iget() from below call paths will get meta inode directly, it's not allowed, let's add sanity check to detect such cases. case #1 - recover_dentry - __f2fs_find_entry - f2fs_iget_retry case #2 - recover_orphan_inode - f2fs_iget_retry Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: add static init_idisk_time function to reduce the codeZhang Qilong2022-10-041-9/+12
| | | | | | | | | We can use a inner function to init the disk time of f2fs_inode_info for cleaning redundant code. Signed-off-by: Zhang Qilong <zhangqilong3@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: clean up f2fs_abort_atomic_write()Chao Yu2022-08-051-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | f2fs_abort_atomic_write() has checked whether current inode is atomic_write one or not, it's redundant to check in its caller, remove it for cleanup. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao.yu@oppo.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: replace F2FS_I(inode) and sbi by the local variableYufen Yu2022-05-271-6/+6
| | | | | | | | | | We have define 'fi' at the begin of the functions, just use it, rather than use F2FS_I(inode) again. Signed-off-by: Yufen Yu <yuyufen@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> [Jaegeuk Kim: replace sbi] Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: fix to do sanity check for inline inodeChao Yu2022-05-181-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Yanming reported a kernel bug in Bugzilla kernel [1], which can be reproduced. The bug message is: The kernel message is shown below: kernel BUG at fs/inode.c:611! Call Trace: evict+0x282/0x4e0 __dentry_kill+0x2b2/0x4d0 dput+0x2dd/0x720 do_renameat2+0x596/0x970 __x64_sys_rename+0x78/0x90 do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90 [1] https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=215895 The bug is due to fuzzed inode has both inline_data and encrypted flags. During f2fs_evict_inode(), as the inode was deleted by rename(), it will cause inline data conversion due to conflicting flags. The page cache will be polluted and the panic will be triggered in clear_inode(). Try fixing the bug by doing more sanity checks for inline data inode in sanity_check_inode(). Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: Ming Yan <yanming@tju.edu.cn> Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao.yu@oppo.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: change the current atomic write wayDaeho Jeong2022-05-121-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Current atomic write has three major issues like below. - keeps the updates in non-reclaimable memory space and they are even hard to be migrated, which is not good for contiguous memory allocation. - disk spaces used for atomic files cannot be garbage collected, so this makes it difficult for the filesystem to be defragmented. - If atomic write operations hit the threshold of either memory usage or garbage collection failure count, All the atomic write operations will fail immediately. To resolve the issues, I will keep a COW inode internally for all the updates to be flushed from memory, when we need to flush them out in a situation like high memory pressure. These COW inodes will be tagged as orphan inodes to be reclaimed in case of sudden power-cut or system failure during atomic writes. Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: fix to clear dirty inode in f2fs_evict_inode()Chao Yu2022-05-061-1/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | As Yanming reported in bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=215904 The kernel message is shown below: kernel BUG at fs/f2fs/inode.c:825! Call Trace: evict+0x282/0x4e0 __dentry_kill+0x2b2/0x4d0 shrink_dentry_list+0x17c/0x4f0 shrink_dcache_parent+0x143/0x1e0 do_one_tree+0x9/0x30 shrink_dcache_for_umount+0x51/0x120 generic_shutdown_super+0x5c/0x3a0 kill_block_super+0x90/0xd0 kill_f2fs_super+0x225/0x310 deactivate_locked_super+0x78/0xc0 cleanup_mnt+0x2b7/0x480 task_work_run+0xc8/0x150 exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x14a/0x150 syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x1d/0x40 do_syscall_64+0x48/0x90 The root cause is: inode node and dnode node share the same nid, so during f2fs_evict_inode(), dnode node truncation will invalidate its NAT entry, so when truncating inode node, it fails due to invalid NAT entry, result in inode is still marked as dirty, fix this issue by clearing dirty for inode and setting SBI_NEED_FSCK flag in filesystem. output from dump.f2fs: [print_node_info: 354] Node ID [0xf:15] is inode i_nid[0] [0x f : 15] Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: Ming Yan <yanming@tju.edu.cn> Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao.yu@oppo.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: should not truncate blocks during roll-forward recoveryJaegeuk Kim2022-04-211-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | If the file preallocated blocks and fsync'ed, we should not truncate them during roll-forward recovery which will recover i_size correctly back. Fixes: d4dd19ec1ea0 ("f2fs: do not expose unwritten blocks to user by DIO") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.17+ Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: don't get FREEZE lock in f2fs_evict_inode in frozen fsJaegeuk Kim2022-03-111-2/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Let's purge inode cache in order to avoid the below deadlock. [freeze test] shrinkder freeze_super - pwercpu_down_write(SB_FREEZE_FS) - super_cache_scan - down_read(&sb->s_umount) - prune_icache_sb - dispose_list - evict - f2fs_evict_inode thaw_super - down_write(&sb->s_umount); - __percpu_down_read(SB_FREEZE_FS) Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* f2fs: fix missing free nid in f2fs_handle_failed_inodeJaegeuk Kim2022-02-251-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch fixes xfstests/generic/475 failure. [ 293.680694] F2FS-fs (dm-1): May loss orphan inode, run fsck to fix. [ 293.685358] Buffer I/O error on dev dm-1, logical block 8388592, async page read [ 293.691527] Buffer I/O error on dev dm-1, logical block 8388592, async page read [ 293.691764] sh (7615): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.691819] sh (7616): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.694017] Buffer I/O error on dev dm-1, logical block 1, async page read [ 293.695659] sh (7618): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.696979] sh (7617): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.700290] sh (7623): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.708621] sh (7626): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.711386] sh (7628): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.711825] sh (7627): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.716738] sh (7630): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.719613] sh (7632): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.720971] sh (7633): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.727741] sh (7634): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.730783] sh (7636): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.732681] sh (7635): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.732988] sh (7637): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.738836] sh (7639): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.740568] sh (7641): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.743053] sh (7640): drop_caches: 3 [ 293.821889] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 293.824654] kernel BUG at fs/f2fs/node.c:3334! [ 293.826226] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI [ 293.828713] CPU: 0 PID: 7653 Comm: umount Tainted: G OE 5.17.0-rc1-custom #1 [ 293.830946] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 [ 293.832526] RIP: 0010:f2fs_destroy_node_manager+0x33f/0x350 [f2fs] [ 293.833905] Code: e8 d6 3d f9 f9 48 8b 45 d0 65 48 2b 04 25 28 00 00 00 75 1a 48 81 c4 28 03 00 00 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d c3 0f 0b [ 293.837783] RSP: 0018:ffffb04ec31e7a20 EFLAGS: 00010202 [ 293.839062] RAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: ffff9df947db2eb8 RCX: 0000000080aa0072 [ 293.840666] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffe86c0432a140 RDI: ffffffffc0b72a21 [ 293.842261] RBP: ffffb04ec31e7d70 R08: ffff9df94ca85780 R09: 0000000080aa0072 [ 293.843909] R10: ffff9df94ca85700 R11: ffff9df94e1ccf58 R12: ffff9df947db2e00 [ 293.845594] R13: ffff9df947db2ed0 R14: ffff9df947db2eb8 R15: ffff9df947db2eb8 [ 293.847855] FS: 00007f5a97379800(0000) GS:ffff9dfa77c00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 293.850647] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 293.852940] CR2: 00007f5a97528730 CR3: 000000010bc76005 CR4: 0000000000370ef0 [ 293.854680] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 [ 293.856423] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 [ 293.858380] Call Trace: [ 293.859302] <TASK> [ 293.860311] ? ttwu_do_wakeup+0x1c/0x170 [ 293.861800] ? ttwu_do_activate+0x6d/0xb0 [ 293.863057] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x29/0x40 [ 293.864411] ? try_to_wake_up+0x9d/0x5e0 [ 293.865618] ? debug_smp_processor_id+0x17/0x20 [ 293.866934] ? debug_smp_processor_id+0x17/0x20 [ 293.868223] ? free_unref_page+0xbf/0x120 [ 293.869470] ? __free_slab+0xcb/0x1c0 [ 293.870614] ? preempt_count_add+0x7a/0xc0 [ 293.871811] ? __slab_free+0xa0/0x2d0 [ 293.872918] ? __wake_up_common_lock+0x8a/0xc0 [ 293.874186] ? __slab_free+0xa0/0x2d0 [ 293.875305] ? free_inode_nonrcu+0x20/0x20 [ 293.876466] ? free_inode_nonrcu+0x20/0x20 [ 293.877650] ? debug_smp_processor_id+0x17/0x20 [ 293.878949] ? call_rcu+0x11a/0x240 [ 293.880060] ? f2fs_destroy_stats+0x59/0x60 [f2fs] [ 293.881437] ? kfree+0x1fe/0x230 [ 293.882674] f2fs_put_super+0x160/0x390 [f2fs] [ 293.883978] generic_shutdown_super+0x7a/0x120 [ 293.885274] kill_block_super+0x27/0x50 [ 293.886496] kill_f2fs_super+0x7f/0x100 [f2fs] [ 293.887806] deactivate_locked_super+0x35/0xa0 [ 293.889271] deactivate_super+0x40/0x50 [ 293.890513] cleanup_mnt+0x139/0x190 [ 293.891689] __cleanup_mnt+0x12/0x20 [ 293.892850] task_work_run+0x64/0xa0 [ 293.894035] exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x1b7/0x1c0 [ 293.895409] syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x27/0x50 [ 293.896872] do_syscall_64+0x48/0xc0 [ 293.898090] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae [ 293.899517] RIP: 0033:0x7f5a975cd25b Fixes: 7735730d39d7 ("f2fs: fix to propagate error from __get_meta_page()") Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.17-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds2022-01-191-2/+16
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim: "In this round, we've tried to address some performance issues in f2fs_checkpoint and direct IO flows. Also, there was a work to enhance the page cache management used for compression. Other than them, we've done typical work including sysfs, code clean-ups, tracepoint, sanity check, in addition to bug fixes on corner cases. Enhancements: - use iomap for direct IO - try to avoid lock contention to improve f2fs_ckpt speed - avoid unnecessary memory allocation in compression flow - POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED drops the page cache containing compression pages - add some sysfs entries (gc_urgent_high_remaining, pending_discard) Bug fixes: - try not to expose unwritten blocks to user by DIO (this was added to avoid merge conflict; another patch is coming to address other missing case) - relax minor error condition for file pinning feature used in Android OTA - fix potential deadlock case in compression flow - should not truncate any block on pinned file In addition, we've done some code clean-ups and tracepoint/sanity check improvement" * tag 'f2fs-for-5.17-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (29 commits) f2fs: do not allow partial truncation on pinned file f2fs: remove redunant invalidate compress pages f2fs: Simplify bool conversion f2fs: don't drop compressed page cache in .{invalidate,release}page f2fs: fix to reserve space for IO align feature f2fs: fix to check available space of CP area correctly in update_ckpt_flags() f2fs: support fault injection to f2fs_trylock_op() f2fs: clean up __find_inline_xattr() with __find_xattr() f2fs: fix to do sanity check on last xattr entry in __f2fs_setxattr() f2fs: do not bother checkpoint by f2fs_get_node_info f2fs: avoid down_write on nat_tree_lock during checkpoint f2fs: compress: fix potential deadlock of compress file f2fs: avoid EINVAL by SBI_NEED_FSCK when pinning a file f2fs: add gc_urgent_high_remaining sysfs node f2fs: fix to do sanity check in is_alive() f2fs: fix to avoid panic in is_alive() if metadata is inconsistent f2fs: fix to do sanity check on inode type during garbage collection f2fs: avoid duplicate call of mark_inode_dirty f2fs: show number of pending discard commands f2fs: support POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED drop compressed page cache ...
| * f2fs: remove redunant invalidate compress pagesFengnan Chang2022-01-041-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Compress page will invalidate in truncate block process too, so remove redunant invalidate compress pages in f2fs_evict_inode. Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@vivo.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
| * f2fs: do not bother checkpoint by f2fs_get_node_infoJaegeuk Kim2022-01-041-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch tries to mitigate lock contention between f2fs_write_checkpoint and f2fs_get_node_info along with nat_tree_lock. The idea is, if checkpoint is currently running, other threads that try to grab nat_tree_lock would be better to wait for checkpoint. Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
| * f2fs: fix remove page failed in invalidate compress pagesFengnan Chang2021-12-101-0/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Since compress inode not a regular file, generic_error_remove_page in f2fs_invalidate_compress_pages will always be failed, set compress inode as a regular file to fix it. Fixes: 6ce19aff0b8c ("f2fs: compress: add compress_inode to cache compressed blocks") Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@vivo.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
| * f2fs: do not expose unwritten blocks to user by DIOJaegeuk Kim2021-12-041-0/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | DIO preallocates physical blocks before writing data, but if an error occurrs or power-cut happens, we can see block contents from the disk. This patch tries to fix it by 1) turning to buffered writes for DIO into holes, 2) truncating unwritten blocks from error or power-cut. Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
* | mm: introduce memalloc_retry_wait()NeilBrown2022-01-151-2/+2
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Various places in the kernel - largely in filesystems - respond to a memory allocation failure by looping around and re-trying. Some of these cannot conveniently use __GFP_NOFAIL, for reasons such as: - a GFP_ATOMIC allocation, which __GFP_NOFAIL doesn't work on - a need to check for the process being signalled between failures - the possibility that other recovery actions could be performed - the allocation is quite deep in support code, and passing down an extra flag to say if __GFP_NOFAIL is wanted would be clumsy. Many of these currently use congestion_wait() which (in almost all cases) simply waits the given timeout - congestion isn't tracked for most devices. It isn't clear what the best delay is for loops, but it is clear that the various filesystems shouldn't be responsible for choosing a timeout. This patch introduces memalloc_retry_wait() with takes on that responsibility. Code that wants to retry a memory allocation can call this function passing the GFP flags that were used. It will wait however is appropriate. For now, it only considers __GFP_NORETRY and whatever gfpflags_allow_blocking() tests. If blocking is allowed without __GFP_NORETRY, then alloc_page either made some reclaim progress, or waited for a while, before failing. So there is no need for much further waiting. memalloc_retry_wait() will wait until the current jiffie ends. If this condition is not met, then alloc_page() won't have waited much if at all. In that case memalloc_retry_wait() waits about 200ms. This is the delay that most current loops uses. linux/sched/mm.h needs to be included in some files now, but linux/backing-dev.h does not. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/163754371968.13692.1277530886009912421@noble.neil.brown.name Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org> Cc: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Cc: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org> Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* f2fs: support fault injection for dquot_initialize()Chao Yu2021-10-291-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch adds a new function f2fs_dquot_initialize() to wrap dquot_initialize(), and it supports to inject fault into f2fs_dquot_initialize() to simulate inner failure occurs in dquot_initialize(). Usage: a) echo 65536 > /sys/fs/f2fs/<dev>/inject_type or b) mount -o fault_type=65536 <dev> <mountpoint> Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.25.1) at 2024-06-05 10:00:21 +0000